Efimov physics from a renormalization group perspective

We discuss the physics of the Efimov effect from a renormalization group viewpoint using the concept of limit cycles. Furthermore, we discuss recent experiments providing evidence for the Efimov effect in ultracold gases and its relevance for nuclear systems.     

De-Brominating Flame-Retardant Polystyrene by Utilizing Basic Oxides in Chemical Recycling

Chemical recycling is a method to close the recycling loop for polymers. This is particularly applicable for polystyrene (PS), where the monomer styrene is directly formed by depolymerization and subsequently utilized for the production of new PS. However, some waste sources contain critical additives as legacies, such as brominated flame retardants. There is a profound need to remove these substances from the material, as current thresholds do not allow such additives above certain limits in new products. In this work we present the beneficial use of basic oxides during the thermal depolymerization of a mixture of PS and 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane. It was demonstrated that especially barium oxide and calcium oxide allowed the reduction of bromine up to 96 % in the crude styrene oil.     

The Role of Primary and Secondary Control in Adaptation to Age-Related Vision Loss: A Study of Older Adults With Macular Degeneration.

This study examines the effect of primary and secondary control on 3 major outcomes experienced by visually impaired older adults, that is, functional ability, adaptation to vision loss, and positive affect. The authors' theoretical model is based on the J. Heckhausen and R. Schulz (1995) control framework, as well as a conceptual integration of these outcomes, and they hypothesized that control beliefs can substantially contribute to explaining interindividual differences in these outcomes. A path model applied to data from a sample (N = 90) of visually impaired older adults, suffering from age-related macular degeneration, the major cause of vision loss in old age, generally supports this expectation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Erfahrungen bei der spektrometrischen Roheisenanalyse

Probenahme und Probenvorbereitung. Homogenitätsprüfung. Einsatz von Spektrometern mit Mittelfrequenzanregungen. Schutzgasversorgung. Draht- und Jet-Elektroden. Arbeitsbedingungen. Analysenzeiten. Standardabweichungen.     

Development and design of micro machine tool components via numerical simulation

This paper deals with machine tool components for use in a small machine tool for micro machining. The goal is an automated manufacturing process and to reduce manual handling by the operator as far as possible. This includes a miniaturized clamping device for fixing a test workpiece via freezing of water. Using the Finite Element Method, the thermal deformation of the test workpiece made of 100Cr6 could be analyzed as well as the static stiffness and dynamic behavior of the clamping device. Additionally, an automated workpiece supply using electromagnets and a pneumatic cylinder is presented. For extraction of chips, an adapted extraction hood was developed. The paper presents first results of performed Computational Fluid Dynamic simulations regarding velocity and streamlines of particles. Furthermore, a demonstrator of the micro machine tool shows the current installation space, enabled with the developed machine tool components. Here, the machine tool frame is made of CFRP due to its thermal stability.     

An area-efficient bit-serial integer and GF(2) multiplier

This paper presents the design of a new multiplier architecture for normal integer multiplication of positive and negative numbers as well as for multiplication in finite fields of order 2ⁿ. It has been developed to increase the performance of algorithms for cryptographic and signal processing applications on implementations of the Instruction Systolic Array (ISA) parallel computer model [M. Kunde, H.W. Lang, M. Schimmler, H. Schmeck, H. Schröder, Parallel Computing 7 (1988) 25-39, H.W. Lang, Integration, the VLSI Journal 4 (1986) 65-74]. The multiplier operates least significant bit (LSB)-first for integer multiplication and most significant bit ( )-first for finite field multiplication. It is a modular bit-serial design, which on the one hand can be efficiently implemented in hardware and on the other hand has the advantage that it can handle operands of arbitrary length.     

Coupling Use Cases and Class Models as a Means for Validation and Verification of Requirements Specifications

In many applications, especially from the business domain, the requirements specification mainly deals with use cases and class models. Unfortunately, these models are based on different modelling techniques and aim at different levels of abstraction, such that serious consistency and completeness problems are induced. To overcome these deficiencies, we refine activity graphs to meet the needs for a suitable modelling element for use case behaviour. The refinement in particular supports the proper coupling of use cases via activity graphs and the class model. The granularity and semantics of our approach allow for a seamless, traceable transition of use cases to the class model and for the verification of the class model against the use case model. The validation of the use case model and parts of the class model is supported as well. Experience from several applications has shown that the investment in specification, validation and verification not only pays off during system and acceptance testing but also significantly improves the quality of the final product.       

Nitrogen dynamics following slurry injection in maize: crop development

Using pig slurry as starter fertilizer for maize (Zea mays L.), injected below the row prior to planting is a reasonable way to omit application of additional mineral fertilizer in areas with intensive animal farming. However, delayed early growth and a lack of knowledge on nutrient availability limit the interest of farmers. To extenuate farmers concerns a field trial was conducted in 2014 and 2015 to get detailed information on nitrogen (N) uptake, the subsequent influences on crop growth at different vegetative growth stages and final yield of silage maize. Besides an unfertilized control, two liquid manure injection treatments (without and with nitrification inhibitor [NI]) were compared to slurry broadcast application + mineral N and phosphorus (P) starter fertilizer at planting (MSF). In 2014, NI treatment yields increased (+16.5%) and N uptake increased (+9.6%) compared to broadcast treatment. In 2015, cold and dry conditions during early growth limited P plant availability and reduced crop growth in treatments without MSF. However, when a NI was added to the slurry prior to application, plants showed less P deficiency symptoms and better growth. At harvest no differences between the fertilized treatments were observed. In both years apparent N recovery was increased when manure was injected (48% without, and 56% with NI, respectively) compared to broadcast application of manure (43%) indicating that N losses were lower. However, further knowledge on soil N transformation and N loss pathways in systems with slurry injection is needed.