13C n.m.r. spectroscopy has been applied to investigate a number of coal tar and petroleum-derived carbon black feedstocks. Application of the J-modulated spin echo technique is especially rewarding, as this method renders the quaternary carbons directly detectable. Thus the quality of carbon black feedstocks can additionally be gauged on the basis of the contents of quaternary carbons, which is a direct indication of the carbon yield in the carbon black production process. 相似文献
Various poly(arylsilane)s The poly(carbosilane)s prepared in this way are of higher molecular weight than when prepared by the Wurtz-type condensation route previously reported. TG shows 40–50% overll weight loss attained at 500–600°C. 相似文献
The purpose of this study was to investigate the temporal relationships of the transport of β-carotene in human lipoproteins.
We administered 60 mg β-carotene with breakfast to nine fasting subjects, then blood samples were collected at intervals of
up to 75 h, lipoproteins were isolated, and β-carotene was quantitated. β-Carotene concentrations in chylomicrons and very
low density lipoproteins (VLDL) peaked at 6 and 9 h, respectively. Nonetheless, at all time points the majority of plasma
β-carotene was contained in low density lipoproteins (LDL), while high density lipoproteins (HDL) carried a smaller portion
(at 24 h, 73±8% in LDL as compared with 23±5% in HDL). In three subjects, transport of β-carotene was compred with the results
of earlier studies on the transport of stereoisomers of α-tocopherol. Unlike plasmaRRR-α-tocopherol concentrations, which are maintained by the preferential incorporation ofRRR-α-tocopherol into VLDL by the liver, β-carotene increased and decreased in VLDL similarly toSRR-α-tocopherol, a stereoisomer whose concentrations are not maintained in plasma. In conclusion, β-carotene is primarily transported
in the plasma in LDL, but its incorporation by the liver into lipoproteins does not appear to be enhanced. 相似文献
Production of a combustible for coal-fired power stations based on sewage sludge . This article describes various means of achieving more extensive mechanical dewatering of sewage sludges. The heat content of the sludge solids can become available for combustion processes. The sludge filter cakes obtained by the “CarboSed” process can be disposed of with minimum energy consumption by fluidized bed combustion or be used after appropriate work-up as a combustible in coal-fired power stations with full exploitation of their heat content for generation of steam and electric current. Partial substitution of primary energy sources such as coal and fuel oil by sludge filter cake is feasible in all cases. The processes thus make a contribution to the saving of energy resources and the disposal of sludge. 相似文献
Summary
This article reports the synthesis of novel hydrophilic end-branched poly(ethylene glycol)s, in aqueous media by atom transfer
radical polymerization (ATRP). Poly(ethylene glycol)s with molecular weights 10,000 and 16,000 were end-functionalized and
used as bifunctional initiators for the polymerization of a poly(ethylene glycol) macromonomer with a molecular weight of
2,000 (PEGMA), either by aqueous ATRP or in a watedmethanol (l/l V/V) mixture. For both macroinitiators a DP of 10 was the
target, giving an average of 5 branches in each end. The rates of polymerization were of the same order of magnitude when
the polymerizations were initiated by either of the two macroinitiators in watedmethanol (l/l V/V). When a bifunctional oligo(ethy1ene
glycol) initiator (Mn = 600) was used to study the polymerization of PEGMA in water/methanol a reduction in the rate of polymerization was observed
indicating an influence of the molecular weight of the initiator on the rate of polymerization.
Received 25 Maich 2002/Revised 8 November 2002/Accepted 8 November 2002
Correspondence to Jorgen Kops 相似文献
Many reverse engineering techniques for data structures rely on the knowledge of memory allocation routines. Typically, they interpose on the system’s malloc and free functions, and track each chunk of memory thus allocated as a data structure. However, many performance-critical applications implement their own custom memory allocators. Examples include webservers, database management systems, and compilers like gcc and clang. As a result, current binary analysis techniques for tracking data structures fail on such binaries. We present MemBrush, a new tool to detect memory allocation and deallocation functions in stripped binaries with high accuracy. We evaluated the technique on a large number of real world applications that use custom memory allocators. We demonstrate that MemBrush can detect allocators/deallocators with a high accuracy which is 52 out of 59 for allocators, and 29 out of 31 for deallocators in SPECINT 2006. As we show, we can furnish existing reverse engineering tools with detailed information about the memory management API, and as a result perform an analysis of the actual application specific data structures designed by the programmer. Our system uses dynamic analysis and detects memory allocation and deallocation routines by searching for functions that comply with a set of generic characteristics of allocators and deallocators. 相似文献
Game theoretic analysis of sequencing situations has been restricted to manufacturing systems which consist of machines that can process only one job at a time. However, in many manufacturing systems, operations are carried out by batch machines which can simultaneously process multiple jobs. This paper aims to extend the game theoretical approach to the cost allocation problems arising from sequencing situations on systems that consist of batch machines. To analyze the allocation problem at hand, it focusses on the existence of core elements, convexity, and the Shapley value. 相似文献