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排序方式: 共有744条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
51.
Effect of cellular inositol content on ethanol tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in sake brewing
The effect of cellular inositol content on the ethanol tolerance of sake yeast was investigated. In a static culture of strain K901 in a synthetic medium, when cells were grown in the presence of inositol in limited amount (L-cells), the inositol content of cells decreased by one-third that of cells grown in the presence of inositol in sufficient amount (H-cells). L-cells exhibited a higher death rate constant than H-cells in the presence of 12-20% ethanol, while no difference in specific ethanol production rate in the presence of 0-18% ethanol between the two cell types was observed. L-cells leaked more intracellular components, such as nucleotides, phosphate and potassium, in the presence of ethanol than H-cells. L-cells exhibited a lower intracellular pH value than H-cells, which represented the lowering of cell vitality by the decrease in H(+) extrusion activity. Furthermore, the plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase activity of L-cells was approximately one-half of that of H-cells. Therefore, it was considered that the decrease in viability in the presence of ethanol due to inositol limitation results from the lowering of H(+)-ATPase activity, which maintains the permeability barrier of the yeast membrane, ensuring the homeostasis of ions in the cytoplasm of yeast cells. It is assumed that the lowering of H(+)-ATPase activity due to inositol limitation is caused by the change in lipid environment of the enzyme, which is affected by inositol-containing glycerophospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI), because in the PI-saturated mixed micellar assay system, the difference in H(+)-ATPase activity between L- and H-cells disappeared. In the early stage of sake mash, inositol limitation lowers the ethanol tolerance due to the decrease in H(+)-ATPase activity as in static culture. In the final stage of sake mash, the disruption of the ino1 gene responsible for inositol synthesis, resulted in a decrease in cell density. Furthermore, the ino1 disruptant, which was not capable of increasing the cellular inositol level in the final stage, exhibited a significantly higher methylene blue-staining ratio than the parental strain. It was suggested that the yeast cellular inositol level is one of the important factors which contribute to the high ethanol tolerance implied by the increased cell viability in the presence of ethanol. 相似文献
52.
Tomoya Nagira Hideyuki Yasuda Takumi Sakimura Kentarou Yoshida 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2012,32(10):2137-2143
It has been reported that solidification of the Al2O3–YAG equilibrium eutectic structure follows melting of the Al2O3–YAP metastable eutectic structure. Since the exothermic heat due to solidification was consumed by the endothermic heat due to melting, a fine and uniform eutectic structure was obtained. However, the composition of the Al2O3–YAG eutectic structure is restricted to the metastable eutectic composition. In this paper, Al2O3–YAG eutectic compacts with an off-metastable eutectic composition were prepared by the addition of Al2O3 particles to Al2O3–YAP eutectic particles with diameters less than 20 μm. In compositions ranging from 18.5 mol%Y2O3 to 13.5 mol%Y2O3, dense Al2O3–YAG eutectic compacts were formed without any Al2O3 segregation. The flexural strength and the fracture toughness remained almost unchanged with the increase in the Al2O3 phase. The addition of Al2O3 particles to the Al2O3–YAP eutectic particles enabled the matrix phase to change from the YAG phase to the Al2O3 phase. 相似文献
53.
Takashi Minemoto Shunichi Fukushige Hideyuki Takakura 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2009,93(6-7):1062-1065
Differences in the outdoor performances of bulk (multi- and single-crystalline Si) and thin-film (amorphous Si(a-Si), a-Si/micro-crystalline Si and a-Si/a-SiGe/a-SiGe) photovoltaic (PV) modules are analyzed. The influence of module temperature and solar spectrum distribution on the PV output is clarified. The PV outputs almost only depend on module temperature in bulk-type Si PV modules while that depend both module temperature and spectrum distribution in thin-film ones. Also, the PV outputs of the bulk-type Si PV modules at most frequent condition at outdoor are lower than that at the standard test condition; in contrast, it was the other way round for thin-film ones. 相似文献
54.
Song Yu Guo Shuxiang Yin Xuanchun Zhang Linshuai Wang Yu Hirata Hideyuki Ishihara Hidenori 《Microsystem Technologies》2018,24(2):909-918
Microsystem Technologies - In this paper, a magnetorheological (MR) fluids based haptic interface has been developed in master site to provide the haptic sensation to the interventionalist during... 相似文献
55.
Naoya Kikuchi Shinsuke Mori Hideyuki Asai 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2005,13(11):955-960
Abstract— We have proposed a counterelectrode PDP structure in which the sustain and scan electrodes are embedded face to face in the ribs by applying Thick‐Film Ceramic Sheet technology. An advantage of the counterelectrode PDP is low discharge voltage, which does not depend on the dielectric thickness. A positive column is observed at a longer gap, and the luminous efficacy reaches 3.7 lm/W at Ne‐30%Xe at a 450‐μm discharge gap. 相似文献
56.
Samia Tabassum Eiji Yamasue Hideyuki Okumura Keiichi N. Ishihara 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2014,25(11):4883-4888
Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin film, which possess the advantages of low cost, low sheet resistance and high transmittance, are one of the most promising candidates to replace indium tin oxide films as the transparent electrode. However, oxidation causes a substantial increase in the sheet resistance of AZO film after exposing in ambient and especially, damp heat environment. In this work, we compare structural, optical, electrical properties and environmental stability between films prepared by two different methods: sol–gel and rf sputtering. Experimental results indicate that the properties of film can be affected by different deposition method. From the X-ray diffraction analysis, all films have hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with different preferable orientation in two different methods. Optical transmittance spectra of the AZO films exhibited transparency higher than about 80 % within the visible wavelength region and the optical band gap (Eg) of these films was increased in sputtered film, probably due to the increase of carrier concentration. The better environmental stability was found in AZO film prepared by sputtering method. Improved surface morphology and enhancement of crystal orientation (110) was considered for this improvement. 相似文献
57.
Satoshi Hiraoka Takeshi Fujii Hideyuki Takakura Yoshihiro Hamakawa 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2003,75(3-4):781-786
One-year field experience of an 80 kW PV system on a rooftop of the ROHM Memorial VLSI Research Center at the Ritsumeikan University is reported. All kinds of live technology available materials, c-Si, poly Si and a-Si solar cells are installed on the three tilt angles of 26.5° south, horizontal and north 26.5°. Systematic PV performances have been measured from the beginning of June 2000 to the end of May 2001. Measurements were made mainly on DC output power from four kinds of PV arrays; c-Si south side, a-Si of horizontal and poly Si, a-Si north side. It has been shown from analyses of monthly data on each material that almost 70% of with that in the south side in the annual average. In summer a-Si module yields the maximum output power normalized to 1 kWp. On the contrary c-Si module shows larger output in winter. Some other unique results are demonstrated and discussed. 相似文献
58.
Takatsuki H Tanaka H Rice KM Kolli MB Nalabotu SK Kohama K Famouri P Blough ER 《Nanotechnology》2011,22(24):245101
The potential of using actin bundles for the transport of liposomes and single cells across myosin-coated surfaces is investigated. Compared to that observed with filamentous actin, the liposome transport using actin bundles was more linear in nature and able to occur over longer distances. Bundles, but not filamentous actin, were capable of moving single cells. Cargo unloading from bundles was achieved by incubation with Triton X-100. These data suggest that actin bundling may improve the ability of the myosin motor system for nanotransport applications. 相似文献
59.
Takashi Minemoto Hideyuki Takakura Yoshihiro Hamakawa 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2006,90(20):3576-3582
A CdS film as an antireflective (AR) coating has been successfully deposited on spherical silicon solar cells by chemical bath deposition, which is a novel deposition method of AR coatings for spherical silicon solar cells. The CBD method is a growth method in an aqueous solution and enables film formation for electronic devices with arbitrary shapes. The solar cell performance of the cell with the CdS film showed a 16% increase in short circuit current compared to that without an ARC. The result confirms that the CBD method is useful for the ARC fabrication of spherical silicon solar cells. 相似文献
60.
This study describes a basic theory for reconstructing pure Raman signals of materials composing a multilayer sample from Raman spectra obtained using two types of miniaturized Raman probes. An illustrative example is demonstrated using a multilayer system of samples composed of the transparent plastics polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyethylene (PE) as a model of thin-layered biomedical tissues. When the same region of an object is measured using Raman probes with different focal properties, the Raman spectra provide different depth profile information depending on the level of light penetration. Thus, a detailed comparison of the spectra can provide an interesting opportunity to probe the differences between the layers. A simple analytic form is presented for reconstructing the pure Raman spectra of the embedded layer. The method applies an understanding of the Raman sampling volume in layered transparent materials to the interpretation of Raman spectra experimentally measured by multiple probes. The basic theory described here is necessary for the expansion of the technique to turbid media, such as biological samples, where light-scattering effects must be considered. The potential applications of the proposed method include material and catalyst subsurface probing through different embedded materials, such as assessment of silicon wafers, effective noninvasive screening for catalyst synthesis, and biomedical tissue research. 相似文献