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91.
Chang-eun Kim Ken Kurosaki Manabu Ishimaru Hiroaki Muta Shinsuke Yamanaka 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2011,40(5):999-1004
Our group has focused attention on Ga2Te3 as a natural nanostructured thermoelectric material. Ga2Te3 has basically a zincblende structure, but one-third of the Ga sites are structural vacancies due to the valence mismatch
between Ga and Te. It has been confirmed that (1) vacancies in Ga2Te3 exist as two-dimensional (2D) vacancy planes, and (2) Ga2Te3 exhibits an unexpectedly low thermal conductivity (κ), most likely due to highly effective phonon scattering by the 2D vacancy planes. However, the effect of the size and periodicity
of the 2D vacancy planes on κ has been unclear. In addition, it has also been unclear whether only the 2D vacancy planes reduce κ or if point-type vacancies can also reduce κ. In the present study, we tried to prepare Ga2Te3 and Ga2Se3 with various vacancy distributions by controlling annealing conditions. The atomic structures of the samples were characterized
by means of transmission electron microscopy, and κ was evaluated from the thermal diffusivity measured by the laser flash method. The effects of vacancy distributions on κ of Ga2Te3 and Ga2Se3 are discussed. 相似文献
92.
Chirp and stability of mode-locked semiconductor lasers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A numerical study of mode-locked semiconductor lasers is presented with special attention to the chirp characteristics and to dispersion-related criteria for stable pulse-train emission. The dependence of the pulse chirp upon the refractive-index change, both with carrier density and carrier temperature changes, is discussed. The experimental observation of blue-chirped pulses for passive mode-locking in contrast to red-chirped pulses for active mode-locking is found to be due to the different contributions of gain and absorber media to the refractive-index change. In addition, it is revealed that the boundary of the stable operation regime is critically influenced by the spectral characteristics of laser and external cavity. Design considerations toward the achievement of high pulse energy, narrow spectral bandwidth, and linear chirp are given 相似文献
93.
Kaname Uno Shohei Iyoshi Masato Yoshihara Kazuhisa Kitami Kazumasa Mogi Hiroki Fujimoto Mai Sugiyama Yoshihiro Koya Yoshihiko Yamakita Akihiro Nawa Tomohiro Kanayama Hiroyuki Tomita Atsushi Enomoto Hiroaki Kajiyama 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(8)
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy and has a unique metastatic route using ascites, known as the transcoelomic root. However, studies on ascites and contained cellular components have not yet been sufficiently clarified. In this review, we focus on the significance of accumulating ascites, contained EOC cells in the form of spheroids, and interaction with non-malignant host cells. To become resistant against anoikis, EOC cells form spheroids in ascites, where epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition stimulated by transforming growth factor-β can be a key pathway. As spheroids form, EOC cells are also gaining the ability to attach and invade the peritoneum to induce intraperitoneal metastasis, as well as resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Recently, accumulating evidence suggests that EOC spheroids in ascites are composed of not only cancer cells, but also non-malignant cells existing with higher abundance than EOC cells in ascites, including macrophages, mesothelial cells, and lymphocytes. Moreover, hetero-cellular spheroids are demonstrated to form more aggregated spheroids and have higher adhesion ability for the mesothelial layer. To improve the poor prognosis, we need to elucidate the mechanisms of spheroid formation and interactions with non-malignant cells in ascites that are a unique tumor microenvironment for EOC. 相似文献
94.
Sang Jun Yoon Jae Goo Lee Hideo Tajima Akihiro Yamasaki Fumio Kiyono Tetsuya Nakazato Hiroaki Tao 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2010,16(3):350-354
Extractions of five kinds of lanthanide metal ions by bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA) with [1-Cn-3-methylimidazolium][PF6](Cn = C2, C4) or [1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium][PF6] were carried out under various DEHPA and HNO3 concentrations from 0 to 1 M and under different temperature conditions from 298 to 333 K. These results were compared with those using the conventional organic solvent, hexane, in terms of their distribution coefficient values. Under all of the conditions in this study, the ionic liquid system shows more than three times greater extractability for lanthanide compared to when hexane was used. The distribution coefficient of lanthanide ions decreased as the length of the alkyl chain increased from the ethyl to the butyl. In addition, the imidazolium cation generally shows a higher distribution coefficient compared to the pyridinium cation in an ionic liquid. The concentration ratio of lanthanides and DEHPA resulted in an extraction affinity transition for lanthanides. Also evaluated in this study were issues related to the selectivity associated with the lanthanide mixture and the dependency of the ionic radius during lanthanide extraction. 相似文献
95.
96.
Takayuki Sasaki Takayuki Koukami Taishi Kobayashi Akira Kirishima Hiroaki Murakami Yuki Amano 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2017,54(3):373-381
At two underground research laboratories situated at Horonobe and Mizunami, Japan, trace amounts of natural thorium and uranium dissolved in deep groundwater were investigated with the help of chemical pre-concentration method. The groundwater was sampled from underground boreholes under the geochemical condition of no atmospheric exposure, and the colloid contribution was checked by in situ two size-fractionated ultrafiltration systems. A rough decrease by half in the concentration after in situ filtration suggested the presence of natural colloids and suspended matter that were carriers of a portion of the elements. The Th and U concentrations in groundwater after 10 kDa filtration was evaluated as dissolved species, and was identified thermodynamically using existing hydrogeological and geochemical data, such as the mineral components in the groundwater at a given pH, ionic strength, concentration of co-existing ions, redox potential, and a hypothetical solubility-limiting solid phase. The crystalline solid phase of tetravalent thorium and uranium dioxides made the solubility very low compared with that of the amorphous phase. 相似文献
97.
In this paper, we present a self-consistent and 3D quantum simulator for Si-nanowire transistors based on the Wigner function model and multidimensional Schrodinger-Poisson algorithm. To achieve a sufficient numerical accuracy for calculating subthreshold current, we introduced a third-order differencing scheme for discretizing the drift term in the Wigner transport equation. By comparing with semiclassical Boltzmann and nonequilibrium Green's function approaches, the validity of the present simulator is confirmed. We also demonstrate that the source-drain tunneling is a critical physical phenomenon related to a scaling limit of nanowire devices, and the semiclassical simulation measurably underestimates a minimum gate length. 相似文献
98.
A new controlled-clearance pressure balance has been developed to improve the hydraulic pressure standard for pressures up to 1 GPa. For several controlled-clearance (CC) piston-cylinders, characterization experiments based on the Heydemann-Welch (H-W) model were performed to estimate the pressure dependence of the effective area. The results of the experiments, specifically, the changes in the piston fall-rate and the generated pressure in response to the applied jacket pressure, are summarized for CC piston-cylinders of different pressure ranges. At pressures higher than a few hundred MPa, the characteristics of some piston-cylinders differed from those predicted by the H-W model. In this paper, a method for altering the deformational characteristics of CC piston-cylinders is examined. It was found that adjusting the area of the outer surface of the cylinder to which the jacket pressure is applied is an effective method for obtaining deformational characteristics that satisfy the conditions of the H-W model. 相似文献
99.
Ion beam induced luminescence of polyethylene terephthalate foils under MeV H and He ion bombardment
S. Nagata K. Takahiro B. Tsuchiya H. Katsui T. Shikama 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms》2009,267(8-9):1553-1556
The evolution of the ion beam induced luminescence (IBIL) of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foils was studied under the irradiation of H and He ions of MeV energy. The optical and chemical changes of the samples were also examined by photo-stimulated luminescence and optical absorption measurements after the irradiation. A prominent broad emission peak of IBIL appeared at around 380 nm, and its intensity monotonically decreased during the ion irradiation. The decay curves of the emission intensity were quantitatively explained as a function of the electronic energy deposition of the incident H and He ions. On the contrary, to the decrease of the main emission peak, a growth of new peaks was observed in the wavelengths between 500 and 600 nm. 相似文献
100.
Koji Sugano Yuki Uchida Osamu Ichihashi Hideo Yamada Toshiyuki Tsuchiya Osamu Tabata 《Microfluidics and nanofluidics》2010,9(6):1165-1174
Gold nanoparticles with diameters of a few tens of nanometer and a narrow size distribution were synthesized using a pulsed
mixing method with a microfluidic system which consists of a Y-shaped mixing microchannel and two piezoelectric valveless
micropumps. This mixing method enables control of the mixing speed of gold salts and reducing agent by changing the switching
frequency of the micropumps, which was our focus to improve the particle size distribution, which is an essential parameter
in gold nanoparticle synthesis. In the proposed method, the mixing time was inversely proportional to the switching frequency
and the minimum mixing time was 95 ms at a switching frequency of 200 Hz. During synthesis experiments, the mean diameter
of the synthesized gold nanoparticles was found to increase, and the coefficient of variation of particle size was found to
decrease with decreasing mixing time. We successfully improved the coefficient of variation to less than 10% for a mean diameter
of around 40 nm. 相似文献