纳米V2O5包覆CFx复合材料的制备及性能

通过简单易行的超声浸渍法和高温煅烧法,采用纳米五氧化二钒（V₂O₅）颗粒包覆氟化碳（CF_x）制备CF_x@Nano V₂O₅复合材料。对比CF_x@Nano V₂O₅复合材料与商用CF_x材料的形貌、结构和性能。经纳米V₂O₅颗粒包覆制备的CF_x@Nano V₂O₅复合材料具有层状表面形貌,振实密度更高。在0.2 C的放电倍率下,CF_x@V₂O₅复合材料的电压平台可达2.81 V;此外,在大电流放电时表现出明显的功率输出优势,在3.0 C倍率下的比容量较商用CF_x材料提升了16.68%。     

基于随机森林算法的对冲锅炉出口NOx排放量预测模型研究

对冲锅炉中的仪器测量具有滞后性,导致控制系统作用始终落后于被控对象。为了提前了解对冲锅炉出口NOx排放量随工况变化的趋势,需要对对冲锅炉出口的NOx排放量进行快速并准确地预测。以实际运行的机组数据为基础,采用随机森林（random forest,RF）算法建立1 000 MW对冲锅炉机组的出口NOx排放量预测模型,并使用Spearman系数对对冲锅炉特征进行筛选,进一步降低模型计算时间。结果表明,随机森林模型预测结果的均方根误差为10.182 mg/m3,决定系数为0.913,可见基于特征选取的随机森林模型结构能实现对冲锅炉出口NOx趋势的提前预测。     

基于改进代价敏感直推式支持向量机的发电企业 滥用市场力识别

随着现货市场的加速推进,准确地实时识别滥用市场力行为是电力市场违规行为管理的一项关键性任务。将改进的支持向量机与变分不等式求解算法结合,实现了在只有少量发电企业有标签数据情形下仍可以准确实时地识别发电企业滥用市场力行为。首先,结合电力市场实际情况,构造了滥用市场力识别指标体系,并基于电力市场高维数据的特点对数据进行降维。其次,针对发电企业有标签数据占总体数据小部分及数据不平衡的特点,提出了基于改进代价敏感直推式支持向量机的发电企业滥用市场力识别方法。然后,考虑到半监督算法求解时间较长,将求解问题转化为高效的变分不等式求解问题,并使用定制近邻法进行求解。最后,利用UCI数据集、电力市场仿真数据及实际电力市场数据进行试验。结果表明,该识别方法可以将滥用市场力的发电企业快速有效地识别出来。     

基于强化学习的列车驾驶曲线节能优化算法

在保证安全和准时性的前提下,自动化列车运行可以有效减少列车耗能。为了灵活应对列车运行种的动态变化,提出了一种基于强化学习的方法,可以优化列车控制策略且不采用之前关于列车动力学的知识和设计的列车速度曲线。这个优化模型将列车节能作为目标,把准点到达、列车限速、停车位置作为限制条件。大量的列车运行经验可以被用来训练深度神经网络直到得到最优化行为价值函数,通过对训练过的神经网络输入状态,可以准确输出每个行为的价值,然后再根据行为价值的大小来选择最优的驾驶策略。     

静电喷印技术在太赫兹超表面制备中的应用

近年来,太赫兹技术快速发展,基于超表面的太赫兹器件受到广泛关注,并已应用于太赫兹成像、光谱和生物传感等诸多领域。但太赫兹超表面器件的制备复杂且成本高,而静电喷印技术无需掩模版,成本低、精度高且易于在异形曲面上制作。基于静电喷印技术设计和制备了太赫兹吸波器,并利用太赫兹时域光谱系统（THz-TDS）对样品进行了性能测试,实验与仿真结果基本相符,在0.098~0.353 THz频段内吸收大于90%。此外,还设计了太赫兹线极化转换器,在0.167~0.355 THz频段内的极化转换大于95%,相对带宽约72%,并分析了所设计样品的制备工艺条件,验证了静电喷印技术对于制备太赫兹极化转换器的可行性。研究成果表明,静电喷印技术在太赫兹超表面器件的制备中具有广泛的应用前景。     

In Situ Management of Ions Migration to Control Hysteresis Effect for Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Solar Cells

As one of the most promising photovoltaic materials, the efficiency of inorganic–organic hybrid halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has reached 25.5% in 2020. However, the stability and hysteresis remain primary challenges before it can become a commercial photovoltaic technology. Therefore, those issues have drawn significant attention for photovoltaic applications. In this work, a study of the PSCs hysteresis improvement is presented based on a combination of first-principles simulations, scanning electron microscopy images, and time-dependent photocurrent measurements. It indicates the hysteresis led by the ion migration and accumulation is mainly localized at the two interfaces: one is between electron transport layer and active layer, and the other is between active layer and hole transport layer. Considering the massive defects at the grain boundaries (GBs), they lower the potential barriers significantly. The defect density at GBs is therefore reduced via the in situ passivation of PbI₂ crystals. The hysteresis index is decreased from 22.43% down to 1.04%, and results in an improvement in efficiency from 17.12% up to 20.10%. Following the understanding of defect-induced hysteresis, an approach to improve the hysteresis is provided, which can be integrated into the fabrication process and widely applied to enhance the performance of PSCs.     

Photonic Crystal Palette of Binary Block Copolymer Blends for Full Visible Structural Color Encryption

Structural color (SC) arising from a periodically ordered self-assembled block copolymer (BCP) photonic crystal (PC) is useful for reflective-mode sensing displays owing to its capability of stimuli-responsive structure alteration. However, a set of PC inks, each providing a precisely addressable SC in the full visible range, has rarely been demonstrated. Here, a strategy for developing BCP PC inks with tunable structures is presented. This involves solution-blending of two lamellar-forming BCPs with different molecular weights. By controlling the mixing ratio of the two BCPs, a thin 1D BCP PC film is developed with alternating in-plane lamellae whose periodicity varies linearly from ≈46 to ≈91 nm. Subsequent preferential swelling of one-type lamellae with either solvent or non-volatile ionic liquid causes the photonic band gap of the films to red-shift, giving rise to full-visible-range SC correlated with the pristine nanostructures of the blended films in both liquid and solid states. The BCP PC palette of solution-blended binary solutions is conveniently employed in various coating processes, allowing facile development of BCP SC on the targeted surface. Furthermore, full-color SC paintings are realized with their transparent PC inks, facilitating low-power pattern encryption.     

In-process monitoring and prediction of droplet quality in droplet-on-demand liquid metal jetting additive manufacturing using machine learning

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing - In droplet-on-demand liquid metal jetting (DoD-LMJ) additive manufacturing, complex physical interactions govern the droplet characteristics, such as size,...     

卫星USB测控副载波同步算法研究

吉林一号卫星测控采用USB测控体制,遥控接收采用FFT+DPLL1+DPLL2的架构,FFT主要实现对载波的粗捕,DPLL1在FFT的基础上实现对载波相位的精跟踪,DPLL2实现副载波的跟踪。对遥控副载波跟踪所用到的数字PLL技术进行了研究,首先给出了载波多普勒折算到副载波上的方法,然后对模拟PLL数字化进行了详细的论述,并设计了遥控副载波同步用的PLL2,对其稳定性、快捕带及快捕时间、捕获带和捕获时间、同步速率等进行了分析和仿真。结果表明,该方法具有捕获时间短、跟踪精度高、稳定性好等特点,易于数字化实现,已成功在吉林一号系列卫星中得到应用。     

Analysis of Critical Factors in Manufacturing by Adopting a Cloud Computing Service

The advantages of a cloud computing service are cost advantages, availability, scalability, flexibility, reduced time to market, and dynamic access to computing resources. Enterprises can improve the successful adoption rate of cloud computing services if they understand the critical factors. To find critical factors, this study first reviewed the literature and established a three-layer hierarchical factor table for adopting a cloud computing service based on the Technology-Organization-Environment framework. Then, a hybrid method that combines two multi-criteria decision-making tools—called the Fuzzy Analytic Network Process method and the concept of VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje acceptable advantage—was used to objectively identify critical factors for the adoption of a cloud computing service, replacing the subjective decision of the authors. The results of this study determined five critical factors, namely data access security, information transmission security, senior management support, fallback cloud management, and employee acceptance. Finally, the paper presents the findings and implications of the study.