Catalytic aerobic oxidation of ethylbenzene over Co/SBA-15

Co(II)O was highly dispersed in the mesopores of SBA-15 by alcoholic impregnation method and characterized by XRD, TEM, UV–VIS DRS, TPR, and XRF techniques. It was found that tetrahedral coordinated Co(II)O was stabilized by SBA-15 at low Co-loading. Co/SBA-15 showed much higher activity than Co(OAc)₂ or Co₃O₄ in the liquid-phase aerobic oxidation of ethylbenzene under solvent-free condition.     

Fabrication and characterization of PFSI/ePTFE composite proton exchange membranes of polymer electrolyte fuel cells

PFSI/ePTFE composite proton exchange membranes were fabricated by impregnating perfluorosulfonic acid resin (PFSI resin, Nafion) into chemically modified expanded PTFE (ePTFE) matrix. Chemical modification of sodium-naphthalene treatment and N-methylol acrylamide (NMA) grafting decreased the contact angle of the as-received ePTFE from 125 ± 0.5° to 67 ± 0.5°, effectively converting the as-received hydrophobic ePTFE to a hydrophilic ePTFE matrix. The composite membrane fabricated with the hydrophilic ePTFE have higher impregnated PFSI loading, much lower porosity and better PTFE/PFSI interface contact, as compared to the composite membranes with the as-received ePTFE. This leads to much lower gas permeability and significantly improves the durability under an accelerated dry/wet cycle test. The fuel cell made from the PFSI/ePTFE composite membranes with hydrophilic ePTFE showed superior performance as compared to that with the composite membrane made from the as-received ePTFE and Nafion 211 membrane.     

直接甲醇燃料电池用碳气凝胶载铂催化剂的研究

利用溶胶—疑胶方法制备了高比表面积的碳气凝胶,利用浸渍还原法制备了Pt/碳气凝胶和Pt/C催化剂。采用BJH和TEM考察碳气凝胶的孔径分布和金属粒子的大小与分布,循环伏安曲线测试考察Pt/碳气凝胶对甲醇催化氧化性能的影响。结果表明,碳气凝胶的比表面积达到480 m2/g,孔径分布良好,催化剂金属颗粒较小,分散较好,循环伏安曲线图显示出Pt/碳气凝胶比传统的Pt/C对甲醇催化氧化性能高。     

有机硅氧烷对硅丙微乳液的影响(英文)

采用种子乳液聚合法引入乙烯基三异丙氧基硅烷(C-1706)改性丙烯酸酯乳液来制备高性能硅丙微乳液。着重探讨了有机硅氧烷单体及其滴加方式对乳液性能的影响,发现引入1.5%的C-1706可将乳液涂膜的硬度提高到7.3,并将其吸水率降低到4.2;且当采用硅氧烷的后滴加方式时,可有效抑制乳液聚合过程中硅氧烷的水解和缩合反应。此外,借助扫描电镜和透射电镜分析聚合产物涂膜形态和共聚乳液的粒径及其分布,结果表明改性后的硅丙微乳液的粒径可控制在50~70 nm之间,C-1706的引入可有效提高微乳液的综合性能。     

BitTorrent网络节点间流量的数据采集和分析

BitTorrent网络流量占据了互联网总流量的很大比例,吸引了大量专家学者的专注,然而现有实测工具无法实时记录BT网络中节点间的流量交互情况,有关真实BT网络中节点间流量的研究很少。建立了一个BT网络节点间流量的数据采集系统,将其部署在全球性实验平台Planetlab之后得到了真实数据,并验证了数据的正确性。通过对实测数据的分析和研究发现:(1)Tracker服务器在为各下载节点随机返回邻居节点列表时会受到各节点入网时间的影响;(2)50%以上的下载节点从种子处下载的数据为零,大部分下载节点的数据下载对种子的依赖性不大,从而深刻地体现出P2P应用模式的优越性。     

微波辐射合成4(3H)-喹唑酮

以邻氨基苯甲酸和甲酰胺为原料,在无溶剂条件下采用微波辐射法合成4(3H) 喹唑酮。实验结果表明:n(甲酰胺)/n(邻氨基苯甲酸)=10,反应物加热预混合,甲酰胺分批加料,微波辐射强度为180W,微波辐射时间为6～8min时,邻氨基苯甲酸的转化率可达96%以上,4(3H) 喹唑酮的收率在94%以上,反应速率比常规加热条件下提高45倍。     

固相接枝共聚法制备PP—g—PS

用固相接枝共聚方法制备了聚丙烯接枝苯乙烯(PP-g-PS),详细地考察了聚丙烯与引发剂的品种、反应温度、苯乙烯及引发剂的浓度等因素对接枝率和接枝效率的影响。研究结果表明:PP-g-PS具有较高的接技率,应用于聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯(PP/PS)共混物中,能降低分散相PS的粒径,提高PP/PS的相容性。     

用1G／2G复合调节剂进行丁二烯阴离子聚合的研究

在环已烷中，以正丁基锂引发的丁二烯阴离子聚合，采用１Ｇ／２Ｇ复合调节剂，研究了１Ｇ／２Ｇ复合调节剂对聚丁二烯微观结构及聚合动力学的影响。实验结果表明：１Ｇ与２Ｇ复合调节剂对聚丁二烯微观结构的调节能力强于１Ｇ或２Ｇ单一调节剂。聚合速度与单体浓度呈一次方关系，并分别求得不同温度下的单体一级反应速度常数（Ｋ″ｐ）及表观增长活化能（Ｅ′ｐ）。     

Study on esterification of acrylic phenolic resin by maleic anhydride and photocrosslinking properties of the alkali‐soluble product

An alkali‐soluble, photocrosslinkable polymer was synthesized by esterification of OH groups of acrylic phenolic resin with maleic anhydride. The OH groups were formed by the ring‐opening reaction of epoxy groups of epoxy phenolic resin with acrylic acid. The esterification conditions were studied. The results showed that it is better to use tetramethyl ammonium bromide as catalyst than N,N‐dimethylbenzylamine. The conversion of maleic anhydride in acetone can reach about 80% at 56°C for 4 h. The purified product was characterized by IR, DSC, and TGA. The product containing acrylate and maleic acid monoester groups, above a certain content, can be dissolved in 1% Na₂CO₃ solution. The photocrosslinkable properties of the product were investigated through selection of photoinitiator, accelarator, crosslinkable diluent monomer, etc. The acrylate and maleic acid monoester group‐containing phenolic resin exhibited very good photocrosslinking behavior, since it contains double bonds from both acrylate groups and maleic acid monoester groups. The activity of photoinitiator decreases in the order: isopropylthioanthraquinone > benzoin ethyl ether (BE) > anthraquinone (AQ) > benzophenone > Michel ketone (MK) > 2,2‐diethoxyacetophenone. The combination of some photoinitiators showed synergistic effects. The order of increasing activity for the accelerator is as follows: MK > ethyl p‐(dimethylamino)benzoate > N,N‐dimethylaniline > triethanolamine. The optimum diluent monomer is trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate. The gel content of the mixture of the resin and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate could reach 85% using the combined photoinitiators of BE and AQ under UV exposure for 120 s. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1607–1614, 2005     

Synthesis and characterization of novel,temperature‐sensitive microgels based on N‐isopropylacrylamide and tert‐butyl acrylate

A series of temperature‐sensitive microgels based on N‐isopropylacrylamide as the main monomer, tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA) as the comonomer, and N,N′‐methylene‐bis(acrylamide) as the crosslinker were synthesized with a modified surfactant‐free emulsion polymerization method. The chemical structure and global shape with an excellent monodispersity of the microgels were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The temperature‐sensitive behavior of the microgels was investigated by dynamic light scattering and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometric analysis. The results show that the volume phase‐transition temperature of the poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐tert‐butyl acrylate) [poly(NIPAM‐co‐tBA)] microgels were tuned over a broad range by the incorporated amount of tBA comonomer and their temperature sensitivity decreased with increasing content of tBA units incorporated into the microgel network. Furthermore, the swelling ratios of the poly (NIPAM‐co‐tBA) microgels were lowered gradually with increasing tBA unit content within the microgel network. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2962–2967, 2007