热处理对双相Mg-8Li-4Al-3Zn-La合金组织与性能的影响

分别对原始态的双相Mg-8Li-4Al-3Zn-La合金进行固溶及退火处理,通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜以及X射线衍射等方法研究合金在不同热处理状态下微观组织的变化,测定了合金硬度及拉伸性能并分析了断口。研究结果表明,经固溶处理后合金抗拉强度明显提高,由原来的194MPa提升到243MPa,延伸率由18%降至9%;而退火处理后其强度没有提升,塑性反而下降。此外,合金中两相组织与第二相分布具有明显差异,使得各相性能及其对热处理的反应不同。     

轮腿可切换机器人步态切换动作设计及其机体位姿测量仿真

轮腿可切换机器人在不同的环境下具有不同的运动性能,研制一款新型轮腿可切换机器人。该机器人可实现轮式步态和腿式步态的切换以适应不同环境,最大限度提高机器人运动性能。本文研究了机器人进行步态切换时,机器人机体位姿变化及机器人机体质心在空间的位移及机器人腿各个关节的旋转角度的变化的测量方法,为机器人稳定性研究提供依据。通过对机器人步态切换动作进行仿真,测量机器人质心在空间的变化量及关节角度变换,分析测量结果表明机器人位姿变换平稳,证明机器人步态切换动作的合理性。     

Revealing the Role of Electrocatalyst Crystal Structure on Oxygen Evolution Reaction with Nickel as an Example

Establishing a correlation between the crystal structure and electrocatalytic activity is crucial to the rational design of high performance electrocatalysts. In this work, taking the widely investigated nickel (Ni) based nonprecious oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst as an example, for the first time, it is reported that the crystal structure plays a critical role in determining the OER performance. Similar‐sized nickel nanoparticles but in different hexagonal close‐packed phase and face‐centered cubic phase coated with N‐doped carbon shells, noted as hcp‐Ni@NC and fcc‐Ni@NC, are successfully prepared, respectively, in which the N‐coated carbon shell structures were also similar. Surprisingly, a dramatically enhanced OER performance of hcp‐Ni@NC in comparison with fcc‐Ni@NC is observed. The hcp‐Ni@NC only requires 305 mV overpotential to achieve the current density of 10 mA cm^?2, which is 55 mV lower than that of fcc‐Ni@NC, which can be ascribed to the influence of nickel crystal phase on the electron structure of N‐doped carbon shell. This finding will bring new thinking toward the rational design of high performance non‐noble metal electrocatalysts.     

橡胶件在燃油中腐蚀溶胀性的对比

将丁腈、氢化丁腈、氟橡胶分别浸泡在乙醇、柴油、生物柴油中,测量每组样件的直径、质量和硬度值,计算其变化率,并采用扫描电镜对腐蚀溶胀后的橡胶件进行微观形貌结构分析。结合测量数据与扫描分析结果,分析材料间极性的差异对橡胶腐蚀溶胀的影响。结果表明,样件上述各参数变化率与微观形貌变化一致,氟橡胶在柴油中变化率最低,抗腐蚀溶胀效果最佳。     

应用词法分析方法抽取Web查询接口模式

Deep Web中蕴含着大量高质量的数据,然而只有通过Web查询接口对Web数据库提交查询才能获取这些数据,因此,自动获取Web查询接口模式是实现Web数据库集成的关键.将Web查询接口模式的抽取过程看作一个词法分析的过程,通过构建EGLM-FA(元素分组及标签匹配有限状态自动机)来完成对Web查询接口模式的抽取.首先应用Html呈现引擎将Web查询接口所在页面进行解析,利用查询接口Form中的DOM节点及其坐标信息构建相应的NSS(节点空间结构),之后再将所有的NSS组成NSS列表,将NSS列表作为EGLM-FA的输入,进而抽取出Web查询接口的模式.     

核自组织映射竞争聚类

基于核方法可在高维特征空间中完成数据聚类,但缺乏对原输入空间聚类中心及结果的直观刻画.提出一种核自组织映射竞争聚类算法.该算法是利用核的特征,导出SOM算法的获胜神经元及权重更新规则,而竞争学习机制依然保持在原输入空间中,这样既解决了当输入样本分布结构呈高度非线性时,其分类能力下降的问题,而且解决了Donald[1]算法导致的特征空间中的获胜神经元在原始输入空间中的原像不存在,而无法对聚类结果利用可视化技术进行解释的问题.实验结果表明,提出的核自组织映射竞争聚类算法在某些数据集中可以获得比SOM算法更好的结果.     

YH-7000VG型惯导与弹载计算机的数据通信设计

为了实现弹载计算机和惯导的高速数据通信,对数据通信的工程化电路进行了设计.对YH-7000VG型惯导的性能进行了分析,并根据仿真系统的需要进行了波特率设置.介绍了RS-232串行口电平驱动电路以及弹载计算机的软件设计,实现了弹载计算机的各项功能.试验表明,弹载计算机完成了空间运动参数的数据采集与处理,满足超声速导弹半实物仿真系统的需要.     

Profibus-DP数据显示从站设计

用于设备级控制系统与分散式I/O通信的Profibus-DP是市场占有率绝对领先的总线技术.设计了一种基于西门子的SPC3的Profibus-DP的数据显示智能从站,详细分析了从站的硬件及软件结构,研究并解决了RS485通信现场设备与Profibus-DP现场总线通信问题.测试实验采用基于PC加软PLC构成Profibus-DP 1类主站,数据显示单元做从站,通过在PC机上监控Profibus通信报文的方法,成功验证了此显示单元模块能和西门子的设备进行互连,符合Profibus-DP标准.     

Co-evolutionary particle swarm optimization to solve constrained optimization problems

This paper presents a co-evolutionary particle swarm optimization (CPSO) algorithm to solve global nonlinear optimization problems. A new co-evolutionary PSO (CPSO) is constructed. In the algorithm, a deterministic selection strategy is proposed to ensure the diversity of population. Meanwhile, based on the theory of extrapolation, the induction of evolving direction is enhanced by adding a co-evolutionary strategy, in which the particles make full use of the information each other by using gene-adjusting and adaptive focus-varied tuning operator. Infeasible degree selection mechanism is used to handle the constraints. A new selection criterion is adopted as tournament rules to select individuals. Also, the infeasible solution is properly accepted as the feasible solution based on a defined threshold of the infeasible degree. This diversity mechanism is helpful to guide the search direction towards the feasible region. Our approach was tested on six problems commonly used in the literature. The results obtained are repeatedly closer to the true optimum solution than the other techniques.