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91.
A streaming time series is a continuous and unbounded group of chronological observations that are found in many scientific and business applications. Motifs that are frequent subsequences are highly representative for the time series and play an important role in time series mining. Discovering motifs in time series has received much attention during recent years, and several algorithms have been proposed to solve this problem. However, these algorithms can only find motifs with a predefined length, which greatly affects their performance and practicality. Recent algorithms can discover motifs with different lengths, but require multiple scanning of the time series and are thus not applicable to streaming time series. In addition, it is difficult to determine the optimal length of interesting motifs; a suboptimal choice results in missing the key motifs or having too many redundant motifs. To overcome this challenge, we introduce the notion of a \(closed\) motif; a motif is \(closed\) if there is no motif with a longer length having the same number of occurrences. We propose a novel algorithm \(closedMotif\) to discover closed motifs in a single scan for streaming time series. We also use the nearest neighbor classifier with the most distinctive closed motifs to validate their potential in time series classification. Extensive experiments show that our approach can efficiently discover motifs with different lengths. In addition, our closed-motif-based classifier is shown to be more accurate than \(Logical\text{- }Shapelet\) , a state-of-the-art time series classifier. Finally, we demonstrate the scalability of \(closedMotif\) on several large datasets in diverse domains like video surveillance, sensor networks, and biometrics. 相似文献
92.
Jong Suk Lee Yoon Sung Nam Byung‐Young Kang Sang‐Hoon Han Ih‐Seop Chang 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2004,92(1):517-522
To stabilize vitamin A in a cosmetic/dermatological formulation, we present here a new encapsulation method based on polymer microspheres having a localized “proton‐buffering” capacity. Poly(methyl methacrylate)‐g‐polyethylenimine (PMMA‐g‐PEI) was prepared by direct condensation grafting of PEI onto poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐methyl acrylic acid). The reaction was confirmed by FT‐IR analysis showing the amide vibration at 1,550 cm?1. Elemental analysis indicated that the weight content of the grafted PEI was 1.6% (w/w). Vitamin A was encapsulated into PMMA‐g‐PEI microspheres by using an oil‐in‐water (O/W) single emulsion method. The presence of PEI moiety dramatically improved the chemical stability of vitamin A in microspheres. Vitamin A encapsulated within PMMA‐g‐PEI microspheres maintained 91% of its initial activity after 30‐day incubation at 40°C, while only maintaining 60% within plain PMMA microspheres. This study demonstrates that proton‐buffering within hydrophobic polymer matrix is a useful strategy for stabilizing “acid‐labile” active ingredients. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 517–522, 2004 相似文献
93.
Efective Object Identification and Association by Varying Coverage Through RFID Power Control简 下载免费PDF全文
Shung Han Cho Member EEE Kyung Hoon Kim IEEE Sangjin Hong Senior Member IEEE 《计算机科学技术学报》2014,29(1):4-20
This paper presents an effective power scheduling strategy for energy efficient multiple objects identification and association. The proposed method can be utilized in many heterogeneous surveillance systems with visual sensors and RFID (radio-frequency identification) readers where energy efficiency as well as association rate are critical Multiple objects positions and trajectory estimates are used to decide the power level of RFID readers. Several key parameters including the time windows and the distance separations are defined in the method in order to minimize the effects of RFID coverage uncertainty. The power cost model is defined and incorporated into the method to minimize energy consumption and to maximize association performance. The proposed method computes the power cost using the range of the outermost position for possible single association and group associations at every sampling time. An RFID reader is activated with the proper coverage range when the power cost for the current time is lower than the power cost for the next time sample. The simplicity of the power cost model relieves the problematic combinatorial comparisons in multiple object cases. The performance comparison simulation with the minimum and maximum energy consumption shows that the proposed method achieves fast single associations with less energy consumption. Finally, the realistic comparison simulation with the fixed range RFID readers demonstrates that the proposed method outperforms the fixed ranges in terms of single association rate and energy consumption. 相似文献
94.
Earlier studies have shown that sulfur dioxide and metal-support interaction can strongly influence propane oxidation over platinum. In particular, oxidation activity is enhanced when platinum is supported on sulfated -alumina or zirconia compared to -alumina. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the performance of palladium under the same experimental conditions. Four model catalysts were examined: Pt/-alumina, Pt/zirconia, Pd/-alumina and Pd/zirconia. The metal loading was kept at or below 0.05 wt% to emphasize changes in activity attributable to metal-support interaction. Reaction rates were measured with and without sulfur dioxide. Surface sulfation was analyzed by measuring acid strength and evaluating spectra obtained by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. In contrast to platinum, sulfation does not promote propane oxidation on Pd/-alumina, and Pd/zirconia is less active than Pd/-alumina. 相似文献
95.
The effects of reaction temperature, pressure and residence time were investigated with a flow apparatus. Cellobiose decomposition
kinetics and products in suband supercritical water were examined at temperatures from 320 to 420 °C at pressures from 25
to 40 MPa, and at residence times within 3 sec. Cellobiose was found to decompose via hydrolysis and pyrolysis. The yield
of desired hydrolysis product, glucose, was the maximum value of 36.8% at 320 °C, 35 MPa, but the amount of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural
(HMF), fermentation inhibitor increased too because residence time increased in the subcritical region owing to decrease of
reaction rate. Meanwhile, though the yield of glucose is low in the supercritical region, the yield of HMF decreased compared
with the subcritical region; and at the minimum yield of HMF (380 °C, 25 MPa), the yield of glucose was 21.4%. The decomposition
of cellobiose followed first-order kinetics and the activation energy for the decomposition of cellobiose was 51.05 kJ/mol
at 40MPa. 相似文献
96.
Summary
We prepared the photorefractive sol-gel glass based on organic-inorganic hybrid materials containing a charge transporting
molecule, second-order nonlinear optical chromophore, photosensitizer, and plasticizer. Carbazole and 2-{ 4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)
methylamino]benzylidene}malononitrile were reacted with 3-isocyanatopropyl triethoxysilane and the functionalized silanes
were employed to fabricate the efficient photorefractive media including 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (TNF) to form a charge transfer
complex. The simplest way to vary the composition in the matrix was to mix the desired amount of the functionalized alkoxysilane.
The prepared sol-gel glass samples contained a large amount of nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophore compared to that of the
charge transporting molecules. They showed a large net gain coefficient and high diffraction efficiency at certain conditions.
Received:27 May 2002/Revised version:23 August 2002/Accepted:7 September 2002
Correspondence to Dong Hoon Choi E-mail: dhchoi@khu.ac.kr 相似文献
97.
Kunihito Koumoto Shunji Takeda Chul Hoon Pai Takayori Sato Hiroaki Yanagida 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1989,72(10):1985-1987
Structural images of the stacking faults in β-SiC were obtained with a high-resolution electron microscope. Stacking faults initially present in β-SiC powder particles were eliminated as grain growth proceeded at elevated temperatures. 相似文献
98.
Modern MRI measurements deliver volumetric and time‐varying blood‐flow data of unprecedented quality. Visual analysis of these data potentially leads to a better diagnosis and risk assessment of various cardiovascular diseases. Recent advances have improved the speed and quality of the imaging data considerably. Nevertheless, the data remains compromised by noise and a lack of spatiotemporal resolution. Besides imaging data, also numerical simulations are employed. These are based on mathematical models of specific features of physical reality. However, these models require realistic parameters and boundary conditions based on measurements. We propose to use data assimilation to bring measured data and physically‐based simulation together, and to harness the mutual benefits. The accuracy and noise robustness of the coupled approach is validated using an analytic flow field. Furthermore, we present a comparative visualization that conveys the differences between using conventional interpolation and our coupled approach. 相似文献
99.
Mixtures of an epoxy resin, hardener, and acid functionalized perfluoroether oligomers will readily undergo phase separation during curing. However, the conditions to bring about the growth of nuclei into microscopic particles have hitherto been found only for systems cured with anhydrides. In the present study perfluoroether oligomers were functionalized by established procedures to introduce both carboxylic acid groups and alkoxysilane groups in sites within the chain extended segments. The presence of alkoxysilane groups together with the prereaction step with an excess epoxy resin, prior to the addition of the aromatic amine hardener, induced phase separation by a nucleation‐and‐growth mechanism. The dual functionality in the perfluoroether oligomer was even more beneficial when the alkoxysilane groups were hydrolyzed prior to the addition of the amine hardener. Under such circumstances the precipitation of the perfluoroether oligomer occurred quantitatively, as indicated by the complete absence of any plasticization effects in the epoxy matrix. From electron microscopy examinations, thermal analysis, and measurements of mechanical properties it was possible to deduce a plausible mechanism for the formation of the typical core‐shell aggregates within the precipitated particles for these systems, which could also be applied to other systems, such as those using carboxylic‐acid‐terminated butadiene acrylonitrile oligomers. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1036–1049, 2005 相似文献
100.
The presence of uncertainties in manufacturing systems and supply chains can cause undesirable behavior. Failure to account for these in the design phase can further impair the capability of systems to respond to changes effectively. In this work, we consider a dynamic workforce-inventory control problem wherein inventory planning, production releases, and workforce hiring decisions need to be made. The objective is to develop planning rules to achieve important requirements related to dynamic transient behavior when system parameters are imprecisely known. To this end, we propose a resilience optimization model for the problem and develop a novel local search procedure that combines the strengths of recent developments in robust optimization technology and small signal stability analysis of dynamic systems. A numerical case study of the problem demonstrates significant improvements of the proposed solution in controlling fluctuations and high variability found in the system’s inventory, work-in-process, and workforce levels. Overall, the proposed model is shown to be computationally efficient and effective in hedging against model uncertainties. 相似文献