Complete model-based equivalence class testing

In this article, we present a model-based black-box equivalence partition testing strategy, together with a formal proof of its completeness properties. The results apply to reactive systems with large, possibly infinite input data types and finite internal and output data ranges that may be enumerated with acceptable effort. The investigation is performed on a semantic level and applies to all concrete test models whose behavioural semantics can be encoded as a variant of state transition systems. Test suite construction is performed in relation to a given fault model \(\mathcal{F}\) for which a finite black-box test suite can be constructed which is complete with respect to \(\mathcal{F}\). It is shown how the test suite generation can be effectively implemented by model-based testing tools, using propositional representations of behavioural model semantics and constraint solvers. A SysML model of the ceiling speed monitoring function of the European Train Control System is presented as a case study, to explain theory application to a concrete modelling formalism.     

Predicting temporal centrality in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks based on social behavior of people

Predicting the centrality of nodes is a significant problem for different applications in Opportunistic Mobile Social Networks (OMSNs). However, when calculating such metrics, current studies focused on analyzing static networks that do not change over time or using aggregated contact information over a period of time. Furthermore, the centrality measured in the past is not verified whether it is useful as a predictor for the future. In this paper, in order to capture the dynamic behavior of people, we focus on predicting nodes’ future centrality (importance) from the temporal perspective using real mobility traces in OMSNs. Three important centrality metrics, namely betweenness, closeness, and degree centrality, are considered. Through real trace-driven simulations, we find that nodes’ future centrality is highly predictable due to natural social behavior of people. Then, based on the observations in the simulation, we design several reasonable prediction methods to predict nodes’ future temporal centrality. Finally, extensive real trace-driven simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of our proposed methods. The results show that the Recent Weighted Average Method performs best in the MIT Reality trace, and the recent Uniform Average Method performs best in the Infocom 06 trace. Furthermore, we also evaluate the impact of parameters m and w on the performance of the proposed methods and find proper values of different parameters for each proposed method at the same time.     

薄壁不锈钢管波纹卡粘式连接方法及性能研究

介绍了薄壁不锈钢管波纹卡粘式连接的原理、安装方法、注意事项以及工程应用情况,试验研究了波纹卡粘式连接件的连接强度、密封性、使用寿命等。结果表明:经完全固化后,波纹卡粘式连接件的最大破坏扭矩达到41N·m,接近于DN15薄壁不锈钢管产生塑性变形时的扭矩强度;连接密封性能相关的8项指标全部符合国标要求。在550℃的高温炉内,连接件的泄漏量为0.02m3/h,远小于规定的0.17m3/h。根据阿累尼乌斯图推算出连接件的使用寿命可达70a以上。卫生检测显示连接件中的厌氧胶不会影响水质,清洁卫生。     

面向中小企业的电商平台挖掘系统设计

中小企业电商平台在资金和技术不足的情况下,难以快速有效的构建简单而实用的电商数据挖掘系统.文章从分析电商海量数据资源的来源、提取方法及其流程入手,提出了一个基本的数据挖掘系统方案架构,从而实现为中小企业电商平台服务的一整套数据挖掘系统.该系统架构简单实用、易搭建、易整合,可以为中小企业提供更好的服务支持.     

Excel对学生成绩的频度分析的研究

数据频度分析是Excel的重要功能之一,Excel对学生成绩频度分析有四种方法：COUNTIF函数、COUNTIFS函数、FRE-QUENCY函数和数据透视表。四种方法均能方便快捷的完成对成绩数据的频度分析,完美高效地解决成绩统计问题。     

Switching adaptive learning control for nonlinearly parameterized systems with disturbance of unknown periods

In this paper, a logic‐based switching adaptive learning control mechanism is proposed for a class of nonlinearly parameterized systems with disturbance of unknown periods. The switching algorithms include two parts: one is to stabilize the nonlinearly parameterized uncertainties, the other is to learn the periodic bounded disturbance. An adaptive control method with fully saturated periodic adaptation law is presented to take advantage of the periodic and bounded property of the disturbance. It is shown that under the proposed control designs, the asymptotic convergence is ensured irrespective of initial conditions with all the signals in the closed‐loop system bounded. An illustrative example is given to show the validity of the switching adaptive learning control. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On ADRC for non-minimum phase systems: canonical form selection and stability conditions

Active disturbance rejection control (ADRC), as proposed by Prof. Jingqing Han, reduces first the plant dynamics to its canonical form, normally in the form of cascade integrators, for which the standard controller can be employed to meet the design specifications. This paper concerns with the selection of the canonical form for non-minimum phase systems. In particular, it is shown that, by employing the well known controllable canonical form, the uncertainties of such systems can be divided into two terms in the state space model, one in the control channel and the other in the output channel. The necessary and sufficient condition is obtained for the stability of the closed-loop system with the proposed canonical form and ADRC. Also, by showing the necessity of the detectability of the extended system as well as certain information of the systemˉs “zeros”, we present the fundamental guidelines of design ADRC for non-minimum phase uncertain systems.     

A yield-enhanced global optimization methodology for analog circuit based on extreme value theory

The challenge in variation-aware circuit optimization with consideration of yield is the trade-off between optimized performance, yield and optimization runtime. This paper presents a practical variationaware circuit global optimization framework named GOYE, which shows the advantages on performance, yield and runtime. It uses an approach called constraint violation elimination (CVE) in global search phase to prune initial starting points and uses the gradient-based method in local search to locate optimum. The worst-case analysis (WCA), which is necessary for variation-aware circuit optimization, is nested in the local optimization process. The efficiency is significantly improved by a novel method based on extreme value theory (EVT). Our EVT-based method is also the first one that allows users to control the target yield such that under-design or over-design can be avoided. A design example in TSMC 65 nm technology is illustrated in the paper where all performance achieves three-sigma yield with consideration of environmental and inter-die/intra-die process variations.