合金元素含量对汽车大梁用610L钢组织与性能的影响

采用“调Si、降Nb、加Ti”的合金设计理念,结合优化的控轧控冷工艺,开发出一种新型汽车大梁用610 MPa级Ti-Nb-Si系低碳微合金钢。结果表明,当Si、Nb和Ti的质量分数分别为0.04%、0.03%和0.06%时,试验钢在热轧后水冷(15～20℃/s)至卷取温度时的显微组织为铁素体+珠光体,且在铁素体基体内分布着高密度的纳米析出相,综合力学性能较好,屈服强度为539 MPa,抗拉强度为633 MPa,伸长率为20.5%,扩孔率为66.4%,各项力学性能和扩孔性能均满足汽车大梁用610L钢的性能要求。     

高密度块状钐铁氮磁体制备的研究进展

钐铁氮化合物(Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃)因具有比钕铁硼(Nd₂Fe₁₄B)更高的磁晶各向异性场和居里温度值及更少的稀土含量,成为新型稀土永磁材料研究热点。但是,由于钐铁氮在600℃左右会分解导致永磁性能消失,因此常规的高温烧结工艺并不适用于钐铁氮烧结磁体的制备,现只能将其与高分子材料复合用作塑磁材料,这就导致Sm₂Fe₁₇N₃的磁学性能无法得到充分发挥。因此,开发低温成型工艺制备全金属高密度块状磁体是获取高性能钐铁氮磁体的关键。经过30多年的努力,科研人员已开发出多种制备钐铁氮磁体的低温快速成型工艺,并获得最大磁能积达到199 k J/m³的高性能磁体。本研究将从磁体的制备方法出发,总结当前块状钐铁氮磁体的研究现状及面临的问题,尤其针对不同成型方法出现矫顽力下降的现象提出分析,并对其今后的发展做出展望。     

Optimum design for unbonded posttensioned precast split shear wall system using genetic algorithm

Precast concrete structures are increasingly being adopted by building designers in regions of high seismicity. An unbonded posttensioned (PT) precast split shear wall system (UPPSSW) was proposed by the Precast Seismic Structural Systems (PRESSS). The UPPSSW system is composed of two or more single precast concrete wall panels that are connected together with energy‐dissipating shear connectors and anchored to the foundation with unbonded PT tendons located at the panel center. In this paper, an optimum design program has been developed for designing this system. The objective of the optimum process is to find the optimum combination between PT tendons and shear connectors while keeping the moment capacity of the wall equal to the applied design moment and achieving zero residual drift simultaneously. In addition, MATLAB was employed to explore an optimization program using genetic algorithm. Compared with the existing design methods for the system, the optimum design program proposed in this research is accurate, efficient, and direct. Moreover, it can yield the optimum design automatically and quickly. As a result, the existing lengthy and manual design process of trial and error for the system can be avoided.     

Clarifying the hydrological mechanisms and thresholds for rainfall-induced landslide: in situ monitoring of big data to unsaturated slope stability analysis

The development of early warning systems for landslide hazards has long been a challenge because the accuracy of such systems is limited by both the complicated underlying mechanisms of landslides and the lack of in situ data. In this study, we implemented a multivariate threshold criterion that integrates in situ monitoring data and data from unsaturated hydro-mechanical analyses as an early warning system for rainfall-induced landslides in the Wenchuan earthquake region of China. The results indicate that rainfall intensity is closely correlated with the probability of landslide occurrence. Variations in matric suction and suction stress were obtained from in situ measurements and used to quantify the soil water retention curve, which presented clear hysteresis characteristics. The impacts of rainfall infiltration on slope failure in post-earthquake landslide areas under transient rainfall conditions were quantified by hydro-mechanical modelling theories. Variations in the suction stress of unsaturated soil were used to calculate the safety factor. The influence of hydrological hysteresis processes on the slope failure mechanism was analysed. Multivariate threshold criteria that include the intensity–probability (I-P) threshold, soil moisture and matric suction based on in situ big data and unsaturated slope stability analysis benchmarks are proposed for use in an early warning system for rainfall-induced landslides.

     

Influence of High Voltage Gradients on Electrokinetic Dewatering for Wenzhou Clay Slurry Improvement

Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering - Laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the feasibility and determine the optimal voltage gradient of electrokinetic consolidation of Wenzhou...     

基于CPTu数据的黏性土不排水抗剪强度#br# 神经网络预测

利用人工神经网络模型,建立基于孔压静力触探（CPTu）现场测试数据的黏性土不排水抗剪强度的预测方法。为建立和验证人工神经网络模型,在3个场地开展CPTu和十字板剪切现场测试,共取得33个测孔的CPTu试验数据和相对应的不排水抗剪强度实测值。通过对比分析不同输入向量、不同网络隐层数、不同神经元数及不同改进算法对人工神经网络模型性能的影响,确定人工神经网络模型的具体形式。通过对训练组数据开展机器学习,所建立的人工神经网络模型能够有效地基于CPTu获得的端阻力和孔隙水压力现场测试数据对黏土不排水抗剪强度进行预测,预测结果与十字板剪切试验实测结果非常接近。与传统用于估算不排水强度的经验关系相比,采用人工神经网络模型预测结果与实测结果相关性显著提高、误差明显降低。     

基于热探针测试的橡胶-砂颗粒轻质混合填料#br# 导热系数影响因素研究

导热系数是岩土材料热学特性的一个重要参数,文章对橡胶-砂颗粒混合物的进行了大量的热针试验。详细分析含砂率、含水率和干密度对导热系数的影响。结果表明：当含砂量小于20%时,橡胶-砂混合物的导热系数逐渐增加,但砂粒含量超过80%后,导热系数立即出现较高的增加速率;随着干密度的增加,导热系数在低含砂率时呈现抛物线增长,在高含砂率时呈现线性增长;橡胶-砂混合物导热系数随含水率的变化可分为增长区域和稳定区域,6%含水率可作为临界含水率。该文可为地热相关结构周围的轻质回填材料提供更合理的热学参数,此外,废旧轮胎的有效利用可以减少环境污染,促进可持续的基础设施。     

考虑变形及滞回效应影响的三维土-水特征曲面模型

为研究变形和滞回效应对非饱和土水-力耦合特性的影响,以边界面理论为基础,建立一个同时考虑变形及滞回效应影响的三维非饱和土土-水特征曲面模型,所建立模型可完整地描述非饱和土的水-力耦合特性。提出的本构方程以吸力和孔隙比为自变量,以饱和度为因变量,建立三维土-水特征曲面模型,通过编程实现了本模型的预测功能。通过程序的预测结果与一系列不同应力和水力路径下的试验结果进行对比,在饱和度-吸力/孔隙比二维平面及饱和度-吸力-孔隙比三维空间中,均验证了所建立模型的适用性及预测精度。     

Enhanced Strength and Corrosion Resistance of Mg–2Zn–0.6Zr Alloy with Extrusion

The microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Mg–2 Zn–0.6 Zr alloy under the as-cast and asextruded conditions were investigated. Microstructure analysis indicated the remarkable grain refinement by extrusion, as well as notable reductions in volume fraction and size of precipitate phases. As compared with the as-cast alloy, the asextruded alloy exhibited better mechanical performance, especially in yield strength which was promoted from 51 to 194 MPa. Refined grains, dispersive precipitate phases and texture were thought to be the main factors affecting the improved performance in strength. The electrochemical measurement and immersion test revealed the corrosion rate of Mg–2 Zn–0.6 Zr alloy by extrusion decreased from 1.68 to 0.32 mm/year. The reasons for the enhanced corrosion resistance were mainly attributed to the decreased volume fraction and Volta potential of the precipitate phases, the refinement of the grain size, as well as the formation of more protective corrosion film.     

几座移动式选金厂的生产效果

三年前,地矿部矿产综合利用研究所研制成功移动式选金装置,并设计建成了一些移动式选金厂,取得了良好结果。本文介绍了几个处理量为10—50t/d移动式选金厂的运行状况,着重讨论了所处理的矿石性质、工艺流程及获得的生产技术指标或设计指标。