NADRA 3D information technology for analysis of processes in multicomponent soil media

This paper considers the principles of algorithmic and software implementation of the software system NADRA 3D designed to analyze processes in three-dimensional multicomponent soil media. The principles of operation of NADRA 3D are described. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 6, pp. 157–174, November–December 2006.     

C/O能谱测井数据预处理的两点改进意见

简单介绍了碳氧比测井的原理及通常的数据处理方法。分析了由常规数据处理所得曲线仍然存在的问题及可能的成因 ,并给出了可行的修正办法。讨论了另一种可行的曲线异常数据的检测、剔除方法。实践表明 :文章讨论的两点建议都是可行的 ,并且在提高测量曲线质量的同时也提高了地层含油饱和度的解释精度。     

A study of CaCO3 fouling with a microscopic imaging technique

The present study introduces a new experimental method to visualize the fouling process of CaCO₃. A mini-channel heat exchanger system with a microscopic imaging technique was developed for real-time visualization of the fouling process. The present study discussed how scale started initially, how scale formed thick layers, and how a small crystal grew into a large one, touching the adjacent one. Detail microscopic images of scale crystals and corresponding fouling resistances were obtained over the entire fouling process. The microscopic observation indicated that the fouling process could be divided into three stages: an induction period, a period of uniform generation of nuclei, and a period of uniform growth of scale. Sudden appearance of numerous small nuclei indicated the end of the induction period, a key event before the rapid increase in the fouling resistance. The present experimental method using microscopic images of the wet fouling process provides a valuable insight on the fouling mechanism.     

PHYSICS-BASED SIMULATION OF HIGH SPEED MACHINING

Computer simulation of high speed machining processes can provide a unique insight and reduce the number of design iterations required to advance and optimize the process. Predictive modeling of high speed machining of exotic materials has been hindered by the nonlinear behavior of this type of materials at extremely high strain, strain rate, and temperatures. This paper presents a physics-based modeling technology that includes the change in the material constitutive equation and the friction characterization at cutting speeds up to 400 m min^-1. The dependence of the accuracy of the predicted parameters, such as the chip formation on cutting forces, chip/tool/workpiece interface temperature, stress and strain distributions are also discussed. The fundamentals of metal cutting were utilized to understand the effect of parameter changes in regimes that are outside current empirical knowledge databases.     

An expert diagnostic system for the MACRO experiment at the GranSasso Laboratory

The maintenance of the MACRO (a Monopoles, Astrophysics and Cosmic Ray Observatory), a large-area detector that will be used to search for rare constituents or phenomena in cosmic radiation penetrating deep underground, is addressed. A real-time expert system for diagnosing detector and data acquisition system anomalies, which is based on the NEXPERT commercial tool, is described. It performs online diagnosis and, if an abnormal condition is identified, takes the appropriate action to reduce the unavailability of the apparatus. The data acquisition system is CAMAC-based, and the sensor modules, which gather the significant values for diagnosis, are implemented in the VME crate     

Evolutionary algorithms and de novo peptide design

One of the goals of computational chemistry is the automated de novo design of bioactive molecules. Despite significant progress in computational approaches to ligand design and efficient evaluation of binding energy, novel procedures for ligand design are required. Evolutionary computation provides a new approach to this design issue. This paper presents an automated methodology for computer-aided peptide design based on evolutionary algorithms. It provides an automatic tool for peptide de novo design, based on protein surface patches defined by user. Regarding the restrictive constrains of this problem a special emphasis has been made on the design of the evolutionary algorithms implemented.     

Performance engineering and topological design of metro WDM opticalnetworks using computer simulation

This paper demonstrates the use of computer simulation for topological design and performance engineering of transparent wavelength-division multiplexing metropolitan-area networks. Engineering of these networks involves the study of various transport-layer impairments such as amplifier noise, component ripple, chirp/dispersion, optical crosstalk, waveform distortion due to filter concatenation, fiber nonlinearities, and polarization effects. A computer simulation methodology composed of three main simulation steps is derived and implemented. This methodology obtains performance estimations by applying efficient wavelength-domain simulations on the entire network topology, followed by time-/frequency-domain simulations on selected paths of the network and finally Q-budgeting on an identified worst case path. The above technique provides an efficient tool for topological design and network performance engineering. Accurate simulation models are presented for each of the performance impairments, and the computer simulation methodology is used for the design and engineering of a number of actual metro network architectures     

Mode coupling contribution to radiation losses in curvatures for high and low numerical aperture plastic optical fibers

We have studied the optical power losses due to multiple curvatures in polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) plastic optical fibers (POFs) of different numerical apertures (NAs) and attenuation. The fibers were tested for several configurations in order to assess the influence of different types of curved-to-straight fiber transitions in the amount of power radiation. We found that losses are below the standards for all tested fiber types, and thus, they are a suitable choice for local area network (LAN) applications. In addition, our results revealed the presence of modal interactions as confirmed using an experimental procedure to estimate the mode coupling strength for the same fibers.