石油压裂液技术现状与未来发展

本文回顾了压裂液技术的发展现状,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望,为该技术的发展提出建议。     

Materials and Wireless Microfluidic Systems for Electronics Capable of Chemical Dissolution on Demand

Electronics that are capable of destroying themselves, on demand and in a harmless way, might provide the ultimate form of data security. This paper presents materials and device architectures for triggered destruction of conventional microelectronic systems by means of microfluidic chemical etching of the constituent materials, including silicon, silicon dioxide, and metals (e.g., aluminum). Demonstrations in an array of home‐built metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors that exploit ultrathin sheets of monocrystalline silicon and in radio‐frequency identification devices illustrate the utility of the approaches.     

High‐Performance Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Photodetectors Enhanced by Self‐Assembled Monolayer Doping

Most doping research into transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has been mainly focused on the improvement of electronic device performance. Here, the effect of self‐assembled monolayer (SAM)‐based doping on the performance of WSe₂‐ and MoS₂‐based transistors and photodetectors is investigated. The achieved doping concentrations are ≈1.4 × 10¹¹ for octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) p‐doping and ≈10¹¹ for aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) n‐doping (nondegenerate). Using this SAM doping technique, the field‐effect mobility is increased from 32.58 to 168.9 cm² V^?1 s in OTS/WSe₂ transistors and from 28.75 to 142.2 cm² V^?1 s in APTES/MoS₂ transistors. For the photodetectors, the responsivity is improved by a factor of ≈28.2 (from 517.2 to 1.45 × 10⁴ A W^?1) in the OTS/WSe₂ devices and by a factor of ≈26.4 (from 219 to 5.75 × 10³ A W^?1) in the APTES/MoS₂ devices. The enhanced photoresponsivity values are much higher than that of the previously reported TMD photodetectors. The detectivity enhancement is ≈26.6‐fold in the OTS/WSe₂ devices and ≈24.5‐fold in the APTES/MoS₂ devices and is caused by the increased photocurrent and maintained dark current after doping. The optoelectronic performance is also investigated with different optical powers and the air‐exposure times. This doping study performed on TMD devices will play a significant role for optimizing the performance of future TMD‐based electronic/optoelectronic applications.     

长距离光传播路径中大气相干长度的测量研究

基于大口径闪烁法和差分到达角起伏法开展了间距为3.95 km近水平路径的大气相干长度测量实验。测量结果表明:在同路径的上下行光传播方向上,闪烁法测量相干长度的相关系数为0.94,而到达角起伏法测量相干长度的相关系数为0.79。路径权重的理论分析揭示了闪烁法对路径中部的湍涡敏感,且路径权重函数关于路径中部呈对称分布;到达角起伏法对接收端附近的湍涡敏感,其路径权重函数从发射端到接收端呈单调递增趋势。因此,实际的长距离光传输实验中,在不能确定路径中湍流强度分布的情况下,采用闪烁法测量路径上的湍流效应更适宜。     

针对合成孔径雷达图像的新型LOG边缘检测算法

传统LOG边缘检测算法对合成孔径雷达图像进行边缘检测时,对噪声敏感,同时也易损坏部分低强度边缘。针对这一问题,提出了一种新型的 LOG边缘检测算法,首先采用双边滤波和自适应中值滤波来代替传统LOG算子中的高斯滤波,再计算平滑后图像的拉普拉斯,最后提取运算后的零交叉点作为图像的边缘。仿真实验表明,本文方法在脉冲噪声环境下具有显著的去噪效果,而且能较好地保护边缘,提高了检测精度,相对传统LOG算法具有更好地检测效果。     

To a Curator of Beautiful and Healthy Lives: A Note to Myself

How might architectural thinking and processes shift over the next 35 years? How might the architect's role be redefined with shifting ethical values? Could the architect be viewed as less of a design professional and more of a curator engaged in the development of healthy holistic environments, catering for all of society's needs? DaeWha Kang , an architect from 2050, writes to his earlier self, critiquing the work that he undertook in independent practice and as a design director at Zaha Hadid Architects in the mid-2010s. He describes how his design methodologies have evolved in the intervening years.     

深圳宝安国际机场T3航站楼高大空间照明节能设计浅析

本文以深圳宝安国际机场T3航站楼高大空间照明方案为案例,结合建筑特点进行分析,以便充分利用自然光,合理进行灯具布置与分组控制,从而实现灯光设计与照明的统一,实现低碳环保。     

铁路隧道围岩分级细化研究及应用

对Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ各级的软弱围岩,沿用相关规范计算所得的隧道围岩荷载,因级别不同,其荷载量值的差异往往过大。在现行公路隧道岩质围岩亚级分级方法的基础上,建立了新的围岩亚级分级与铁路隧道所采用的弹性纵波速度细化之间的关系,从而避免了铁路隧道不同围岩分级时其弹性纵波速度交叉重叠的现象。对Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ级岩质围岩,在本项研究中,对铁路隧道按照围岩弹性纵波速度Vp作了更进一步细化,并用以作为围岩初期支护设计压力的计算,避免相邻分级之间其计算荷载值差值过大造成的困难。结合青岛市地铁隧道工程,采用综合模糊判别方法对施工阶段围岩进行动态细化判定和调整,使隧道设计施工更为安全有据、经济合理。     

基于BIM的碰撞检查在协同设计中的研究

碰撞检查是针对整个建筑设计周期中的多专业协同设计,将不同专业的信息模型进行协调审查和碰撞分析。通过碰撞检查有助于建筑设计、结构设计、MEP(Mechanical,Electrical,Plumbing,即电气、暖通、给排水)专业的设计团队及时发现问题和解决矛盾,优化工程设计,减少在项目实施过程中错误和返工可能性。本文将介绍利用Revit系列软件碰撞检查工具,探究其在多专业协同设计中的作用。     

煤矿井下综采液压支架底座结构的优化设计

由于煤矿井下支护环境恶劣,工作时的受力条件复杂,对液压支架的底座造成了巨大的影响.因此,利用三维建模软件建立液压支架底座三维结构模型,对其支护作业时的受力状态进行分析,并利用仿真分析软件对其进行仿真研究,根据仿真结果针对性地提出了底座结构的优化方案.对优化前后底座受力情况进行分析,表明优化后底座重量降低了约121.49 kg,其制造成本降低了约2.9％.