Customer knowledge discovery from online reviews

The explosive growth of Chinese electronic market has made it possible for companies to better understand consumers?? opinion towards their products in a timely fashion through their online reviews. This study proposes a framework for extracting knowledge from online reviews through text mining and econometric analysis. Specifically, we extract product features, detect topics, and identify determinants of customer satisfaction. An experiment on the online reviews from a Chinese leading B2C (Business-to-Customer) website demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method. We also present some findings about the characteristics of Chinese reviewers.     

Interpretation of long-chain structure from dilute solution properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polymers

Summary Systematic studies on solution properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polymers showed the existence of some special features as compared to usual length polymers. The paper discusses the possible appearance of branched structures in the polymerization process, structures able to influence the mentioned features. From experimental data on poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(butyl methacrylate) and polyacrylonitrile it appears that branching can be excluded, and the very high molecular weight domain considered may be responsible for the modifications observed in the molecular weight dependences on 2>, A₂ or [].     

From ethnographic record to system design

This paper explores the issues involved in moving from ethnographic explorations of work in context to a practical contribution to system design. It does so using the example of an interdisciplinary research project involving sociologists and computer scientists in the domain of air traffic control systems. It forms a pair with another paper (Sommerville et al., 1992) exploring these questions from the perspective of our computer science partners. We characterise ethnography as a research method, and consider the differences between undertaking it for strictly sociological or anthropological purposes by contrast with interdisciplinary and design purposes. We summarise some of our results in ethnographic explications of the work of air traffic controllers, and the sociality which it manifests. We describe the dialogues involved in rendering these observations informative for systems design, and the mutual translations implied in attempting to reconcile sociological with software engineering questions about supporting the work. We conclude by specifying some features of cooperative work which an engineering approach is in danger of overlooking; the ways, and limits, in which ethnographers can form a bridge between users and designers; and some of the conflicts of interest entrained in generating technical change.The research is funded by the UK MRC/SERC/ESRC Cognitive Science/HCI Initiative with the title Social Analysis of Control Systems for HCI Design, grant number SPG 8931598. The computer science partners are Professor Ian Sommerville, Dr Tom Rodden, Dr Pete Sawyer and Mr Richard Bentley. Thanks are due to Val King, Kjeldt Schmidt, Ian Sommerville and Tom Rodden for very helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper.     

数字图像合成技术综述

数字图像合成一直是图像处理中的研究热点,在图片编辑,平面设计,电影特效等领域有着广泛的应用。从原图像中准确地提取目标物体并将其无缝地合成到新背景下是图像合成的基本目标。按所使用的关键技术分类,现有的数字图像合成技术可分为基于α分量的图像合成,基于梯度场的图像合成和基于多分辨率模型的图像合成。首先详述了3类方法中的典型算法,并从合成质量、鲁棒性、运算效率等方面进行分析比较,然后对新的图像合成应用方式进行了扩展介绍,最后总结了现有图像合成方法的普遍局限性,并探讨了图像合成今后面临的挑战和发展方向。     

基于聚类和NSCT的遥感图像融合算法

研究遥感图像融合问题。针对遥感图像数据在时间、空间和光谱方面差异大,图像分辨率低等问题,为有效提高遥感图像的分辨率,提出了一种基于聚类和NSCT的遥感图像融合算法。首先对源图像进行小波变换提取源图像特征;然后利用改进的模糊C均值聚类算法在多特征形成的特征空间上对图像进行区域分割,并在此基础上对区域进行NSCT分解,通过设计的区域相似度度量方法,以信息度大的区域作为融合区域,对不同的区域采用不同的融合规则进行融合,最后进行重构得到融合图像。仿真结果表明,对比其它图像融合算法,改进的遥感图像融合算法可获得较理想的融合图像,具有一定的实用性。     

分析与防范计算机犯罪

介绍计算机犯罪的几种形式,提出了防范的方法,及关于完善计算机犯罪刑事立法的粗浅意见。     

财务人员考试及评分系统的设计与实现

文章介绍了财务人员考试及评分系统的主要功能,对各功能模块中所涉及到的一些关键算法的设计给出了实现方法,尤其对极具通用性的扣分标准的实现给出了较为详细的算法。     

Multi-Omics Revealed Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Guard Cell Systemic Acquired Resistance

Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR) improves immunity of plant systemic tissue after local exposure to a pathogen. Guard cells that form stomatal pores on leaf surfaces recognize bacterial pathogens via pattern recognition receptors, such as Flagellin Sensitive 2 (FLS2). However, how SAR affects stomatal immunity is not known. In this study, we aim to reveal molecular mechanisms underlying the guard cell response to SAR using multi-omics of proteins, metabolites and lipids. Arabidopsis plants previously exposed to pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst) exhibit an altered stomatal response compared to control plants when they are later exposed to the bacteria. Reduced stomatal apertures of SAR primed plants lead to decreased number of bacteria in leaves. Multi-omics has revealed molecular components of SAR response specific to guard cells functions, including potential roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fatty acid signaling. Our results show an increase in palmitic acid and its derivative in the primed guard cells. Palmitic acid may play a role as an activator of FLS2, which initiates stomatal immune response. Improved understanding of how SAR signals affect stomatal immunity can aid biotechnology and marker-based breeding of crops for enhanced disease resistance.     

行政处罚中"工程合同价款"的认定研究

建设工程领域的法律制度规范在设定法律责任时,将"工程合同价款"作为罚款基数的规定很多.但"工程合同价款"含义的不确定性,造成行政执法实践中认定的混乱.一方面应厘清合同价款、工程价款、工程造价等常用概念,另一方面要遵循契约自由的基本原则,探求当事人约定的实质内容,结合行政处罚规定设定的 目的,考虑行政行为的一致性及效率性原则,通过多种渠道、按照一定顺序来确定作为行政罚款基数的工程合同价款.