B lymphocytes are critical antigen-presenting cells for the initiation of T cell-mediated autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice

Nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice genetically deficient in B lymphocytes (NODJg mu(null)) are resistant to T cell-mediated autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Ig infusions from diabetic NOD donors did not abrogate IDDM resistance in NODJg mu(null) mice. However, T cell responses to the candidate pancreatic beta cell autoantigen glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), but not the control Ag keyhole limpet hemocyanin, were eliminated in NODJg mu(null) mice. To initially test whether they contribute to IDDM as APC, NOD B lymphocytes were transferred into NODJg mu(null) recipients. B lymphocytes transferred into unmanipulated NODJg mu(null) recipients were rejected by MHC class I-restricted T cells. Stable T and B lymphocyte repopulation was achieved in irradiated NODJg mu(null) mice reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow admixed with NOD B lymphocytes. IDDM susceptibility was restored in NODJg mu(null) mice reconstituted with syngeneic marrow plus B lymphocytes, but not with syngeneic marrow only. T cell responses to GAD were restored only in NODJg mu(null) mice reconstituted with syngeneic marrow plus B lymphocytes. Hence, B lymphocytes appear to contribute to IDDM in NOD mice as APC with a preferential ability to present certain beta cell Ags such as GAD to autoreactive T cells.     

Obtaining aluminomagnesia spinel powder using a high-frequency induction plasmatron

Conclusions The technological process based on treating magnesia-alumina batch in a plasma discharge of a high-frequency induction plasmatron is suitable for obtaining dispersed spinel, MgAl₂O₄, that has a wide grain-size composition and a low concentration of ancillary impurities. When necessary, by using this process it is possible to obtain powdered spinel with a substantial content of glass phase, and also powders whose particles contain gaseous inclusions.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 12–14, January, 1993.     

Energy loss distribution of charged particles in thin absorbers

Conclusions 1. For thin absorbers, the Landau theory incorporating certain above-listed corrections is a general-purpose one and is in good agreement with experiment both for heavy and light charged particles 0.01. 2. For intermediate layers (0.01 1 and 1), exact solutions are provided by the Vavilov theory [11]. 3. The numerical-analytic method of plotting the energy loss distribution function proposed in [13] is suitable for very thin ( 0.01) absorbers.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 3, pp. 60–62, March, 1970.     

Method of analyzing and generalizing experimental data on the free motion of toluene

An equation describing the heat transfer in the free motion of toluene about a horizontal tube and at supercritical pressures is proposed.     

Use of biologically active supplement containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

35 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 complicated with hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease were treated during 8 months with poseidonol--polyunsaturated fatty acid family omega 3 (PUFA--omega 3). It was shown that hypercoagulation and hypofibrinolysis in these patients occurred. Treatment with poceidonol increased plasminogen activator activity and decreased coagulation and reduced atherogenic index.     

Mechanical parameters of dispersed systems under cyclic deformation with various amplitudes

The mechanical behavior is reported for dispersed systems subject to cyclic deformation with or without steady-state flow. The mechanical characteristics are found to alter considerably.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 987–993, June, 1970.