Dynamic Studies On Human Body Sway By Using A Simple Model With Special Concerns On The Pelvic And Muscle Roles

The human pelvis is such a unique structure that enables our upper body to work so perfectly with the two legs so as to control the body's balance in the complicated postures. The aim of this study is to establish a new dynamic body sway control model in the upright standing body position in coronal plane, and to reveal the possible control mechanisms underlying the body sway with special concerns on the roles that the pelvis and its muscles are performing during the sway. The plant of control model, the dynamics of human body, includes five parts, i.e. two ankles, two hips and one lumbosacral joint, which makes up a multi‐link inverted pendulum system, and is driven by two pairs of muscles, the psoas major (PM) and glutaeus medius (GM). Body sway records from eight healthy young subjects showed that the angular sway scopes of the ankle on roll (lateral) plane are 0.94±0.36± (eye‐open) and 1.35±0.52± (eye‐closed) respectively, while in lumbosacral plane, the scopes are 0.99±0.41± (eye‐open) and 1.27±0.72± (eye‐closed). The ankle and lumbosacral sways were almost in the same degree, yet their phase difference was near ±n, which means that the body trunk maintains perpendicular to horizon during the upright stance. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity from GM also showed the same evidence: the activated GM was always in the same side as the deviated center‐of‐pressure (COP). By assuming the corrective torque of posture is regulated by PID (proportional, integral and derivative) control, the body sway can be simulated by applying human physical parameters. Our study results demonstrated that the simulated traces are consistent with the experimental recorded, suggesting that the pelvis is an important structure for the posture maintenance and control, and the mechanism of balance keeping control during upright stance can be approximately taken as a PID control. The result also suggests a novel means for postural stability assessment in individual in the future.     

Effect of RE on Granulation of Eutectic Carbide in Ledeburite Steel

ＲｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｔｈｅｂｅｎｅｆｉｃｉａｌａｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＲＥｏｎｉｒｏｎａｎｄｓｔｅｅｌｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄａｒｏｕｎｄｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ．ＲＥｃａｎｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｄｅｏｘｉｄｉｚｅａｎｄｄｅｓｕｌｐｈｕｒｉｚｅｔｈｅｍｅｌｔａｎｄｆ...     

担载型含稀土三组份体系在二氧化碳甲烷化反应中的催化性能

用浸渍法制备了一系列氧化锆担载的含稀土Ⅷ族金属催化剂，对其在二氧化碳甲烷化过程中的催化活性作了研究，并用漫反射紫外可见光谱，ＦＴＩＲ等手段对催化剂作了表征。结果表明，含稀土新型催化剂具有催化活性高，目标产物选择性好等优点；稀土主要以氧化物形式存在于催化剂表面，参与对氢及表面含碳物种的吸附及活化；含稀土三组份催化剂的活性与所添加稀土三价离子的４ｆ电子数有关。     

直流电弧炉长弧泡沫渣技术

本文指出了直流电弧炉采用长弧泡沫渣技术的必要性及该技术的发展现状，总结了炉渣物理性质，化学成分，温度和气源等对炉渣泡沫化的影响，并介绍了电炉泡沫渣的操作工艺及实际应用效果，对宝钢三期１５０ｔＤＣ－ＵＨＰ电弧炉的泡沫渣工艺提出了看法。     

Receptor-activated Ca2+ influx via human Trp3 stably expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)293 cells. Evidence for a non-capacitative Ca2+ entry

Gonadal differentiation involves a complex interplay of developmental pathways. The sex determining region Y (SRY) gene plays a key role in testis determination, but its interaction with other genes is less well understood. Abnormalities of gonadal differentiation result in a range of clinical problems. 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis is defined by an absence of testis determination. Subjects have female external genitalia and come to clinical attention because of delayed puberty. Individuals with 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis usually present in the newborn period for the valuation of ambiguous genitalia. Gonadal histology always shows an abnormality of seminiferous tubule formation. A diagnosis of 46,XY true hermaphroditism is made if the gonads contain well-formed testicular and ovarian elements. Despite the pivotal role of the SRY gene in testis development, mutations of SRY are unusual in subjects with a 46,XY karyotype and abnormal gonadal development. 46,XX maleness is defined by testis determination in an individual with a 46,XX karyotype. Most affected individuals have a phenotype similar to that of Klinefelter syndrome. In contrast, subjects with 46,XX true hermaphroditism usually present with ambiguous genitalia. The majority of subjects with 46,XX maleness have Y sequences including SRY in genomic DNA. However, only rare subjects with 46,XX true hermaphroditism have translocated sequences encoding SRY. Mosaicism and chimaerism involving the Y chromosome can also be associated with abnormal gonadal development. However, the vast majority of subjects with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism have normal testes and normal male external genitalia.     

Biological Effects of Flammulina Velutipes Richin RE on Chinese Kunming Mice

ＢｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＦｌａｍｍｕｌｉｎａＶｅｌｕｔｉｐｅｓＲｉｃｈｉｎＲＥｏｎＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＫｕｎｍｉｎｇＭｉｃｅＬｉａｎｇＤｉｎｇｂａｎｇ（梁定邦）；ＣｕｉＤｅｆａｎｇ（崔德芳）；ＺｈａｎｇＪｉｎｔｏｎｇ（张金桐）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍ...     

The column protocol: A high availability and low message cost solution for managing replicated data

This paper presents a quorum-based replica control protocol which is resilient to network partitioning. In the best case, the protocol generates quorums of a constant size. When some replicas are inaccessible, the quorum size increases gradually and may be as large as O(n), where n is the number of replicas. However, the expected quorum size is shown to remain constant as n grows. This is a desirable property since the message cost for accessing replicated data is directly proportional to the quorum size. Moreover, the availability of the protocol is shown to be comparably high. With the two properties—constant expected quorum size and comparably high availability—the protocol is thus practical for managing replicated data.     

冶金能源信息库管理与能耗分析系统的研究

研究了通过计算机建立冶金能源信息库管理与能耗分析系统的相关问题。