Rise of cyborg microrobot: different story for different configuration

By integrating organic parts achieved through evolution and inorganic parts developed by human civilisation, the cyborg microrobot is rising by taking advantage of the high flexibility, outstanding energy efficiency, extremely exquisite structure in the natural components and the fine upgradability, nice controllability in the artefact parts. Compared to the purely synthetic microrobots, the cyborg microrobots, due to the exceptional biocompatibility and biodegradability, have already been utilised in in situ diagnosis, precise therapy and other biomedical applications. In this review, through a thorough summary of recent advances of cyborg microrobots, the authors categorise the cyborg microrobots into four major classes according to the configuration between biomaterials and artefact materials, i.e. microrobots integrated inside living cell, microrobots modified with biological debris, microrobots integrated with single cell and microrobots incorporated with multiple cells. Cyborg microrobots with the four types of configurations are introduced and summarised with the combination approaches, actuation mechanisms, applications and challenges one by one. Moreover, they conduct a comparison among the four different cyborg microrobots to guide the actuation force promotion, locomotion control refinement and future applications. Finally, conclusions and future outlook of the development and potential applications of the cyborg microrobots are discussed.Inspec keywords: medical robotics, cellular biophysics, mobile robots, molecular biophysics, polymers, microrobotsOther keywords: locomotion control refinement, actuation force promotion, combination approaches, biological debris, living cell, artefact materials, biomaterials, biomedical applications, biodegradability, exceptional biocompatibility, natural components, energy efficiency, human civilisation, purely synthetic microrobots, cyborg microrobot     

从景德镇民窑看中国民间陶瓷的若干审美特征

我国陶瓷的发展历史悠久。是中国文化的一个重要部分，并以精湛的技术和灿烂的艺术闻名于世界。而我国的民间陶瓷则是中国陶瓷历史的重要组成部分，更以其特有的艺术特征在人类发展史上有着深远的影响。在整个陶瓷发展历程中起着基础甚至相对主导的作用。承载着文明古国千年流芳之名：China。而被誉为“瓷都”的景德镇在中国陶瓷史上有着浓重的一笔。在历史上的民间陶瓷市场中亦举足轻重。     

混凝土梁电化学修复后的耐久性能及力学特征

电化学修复技术可对耐久性劣化的混凝土结构进行耐久性提升,然而也会引起黏结性能降低、混凝土孔隙结构改变、钢筋氢脆等负面效应,进而影响构件整体的服役性能.为探明电化学除氯和双向电迁处理后混凝土梁的耐久性能及力学性能,本文结合氯离子含量梯度变化和弱极化曲线等对比分析了电化学修复后梁的抗腐蚀性能,结合荷载挠度曲线、钢筋与混凝土应变、裂缝分布等对比分析了静力力学性能.研究结果表明:电化学修复能有效去除钢筋表面氯离子,使钢筋恢复钝化,但钢筋笼内氯离子迁移效率相对较低;通电参数选取较小时电化学修复不影响混凝土梁的刚度和承载能力,但通电量较大时承载能力减小,延性退化较为明显.基于试验结果,本文建议电化学修复采用的通电参数需综合考虑耐久性提升效果及对力学性能损伤作用,以满足结构耐久性和安全性的要求.     

“零电位”水基钻井液体系

针对塔里木油田深井、超深井上部地层泥页岩水化膨胀阻卡,下部地层温度高,常规水基钻井液性能调控、维护困难等问题,通过优选阳离子抑制剂CPI、阳离子包被剂CPH-1和CPH-2、阳离子降滤失剂CPF-1和CPF、阳离子封堵剂CPA等,形成了一套"零电位"水基钻井液体系。该体系阳离子浓度可达8 000 mg/L,其黏土颗粒的Zeta电位可达-10 m V左右,稍高于原地层条件下岩屑颗粒的Zeta电位,从而阻止电荷迁移,稳定井壁;在1.0~2.3g/cm3密度范围内,在80~180℃下,在很少处理剂加量下,体系均表现出良好的流变性和降失水能力;能抗20%盐、2%钙和5%黏土污染。该钻井液在塔里木油田已应用20余井,由钻井液引起的事故与复杂损失时间相比于传统水基钻井液减少10.2%,机械钻速提高14.9%,钻井周期缩短9.8%,为深井安全、快速、高效钻井提供了新的钻井液体系。     

Modeling Method of Automotive Body CAN/LIN Nets Application Protocol Based on Object-oriented Colored Petri Net

Recently automotive nets are adopted to solve increasing problems in automotive electronic systems.Technologies of automotive local area network from CAN and LIN can solve the problems of the increasing of wire bunch weight and lack in module installation space.However,the multilayer automotive nets software becomes more and more complex,and the development expense is difficult to predict and to keep in check.In this paper,the modeling method of hierarchical automotive nets and the substitution operation based on object-oriented colored Petri net(OOCPN) are proposed.The OOCPN model which analyzes the software structure and validates the collision mechanism of CAN/LIN bus can speed the automobile system development.First,the subsystems are divided and modeled by object-oriented Petri net(OOPN).According to the sets of message sharing relations,the message ports among them are set and the communication gate transitions are defined.Second,the OOPN model is substituted step by step until the inner objects in the automotive body control modules(BCM) are indivisible and colored by colored Petri net(CPN).And the color subsets mark the node messages for the collision mechanism.Third,the OOCPN model of the automotive body CAN/LIN nets is assembled,which keeps the message sets and the system can be expanded.The proposed model is used to analyze features of information sharing among the objects,and it is also used to describe each subsystem real-time behavior of processing messages and implemental device controllers operating,and puts forward a reasonable software framework for the automotive body control subsystem.The research can help to design the communication model in the automotive body system effectively and provide a convenient and rapid way for developing the logical hierarchy software.     

萃取精馏分离甲基环己烷和甲苯工艺过程的模拟

利用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件,采用双塔流程,以苯酚为萃取剂,对萃取精馏分离甲基环己烷(MC)和甲苯(MB)的过程进行模拟计算,并用实验验证。考察了萃取精馏塔的萃取剂进料位置、原料进料位置、萃取剂与原料的摩尔比(溶剂比)和回流比等因素对分离效果的影响。在满足MC产品的纯度和收率均达到99%的条件下,模拟优化的结果为:理论塔板数为24块,原料在第17块板进料,萃取剂在第5块板进料,溶剂比3.08,回流比5。模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好,说明采用的模拟方法适用于MC和MB混合物萃取精馏过程的模拟。     

某砖混结构墙体托换过程监测及性能研究

由于建筑结构功能改变,将某砖混结构教学楼通过墙体托换技术改造成大空间办公楼。为保证托换体系施工过程的安全性,采用光纤光栅技术（FBG）和分布式光纤应变传感技术（BOTDA）,对托换体系的托换梁及加固柱进行施工全过程的应力-应变监测,并分析了托换体系的工作性能。监测结果表明：墙体拆除后设计的托换体系各组成构件均能参与结构...     

磷石膏固相球磨制备尿素石膏的研究

采用固相球磨制备的方法,以磷石膏和尿素为原料制备尿素石膏.通过单因素实验考察了各工艺条件时反应转化率的影响;再进行正交设计,优化了磷石膏固相球磨制备尿素石膏的工艺参数;并通过XRD对产物进行了物相分析.研究表明,磷石膏固相球磨制备尿素石膏的优化工艺条件为:反应温度为55℃,反应时间为40 min,球料比为6∶1,转速为...     

一款低不圆度WLAN 双频天线的设计与实现

提出了一种改进型的应用于无线局域网的双频印刷单极子天线。该天线可以覆盖IEEE 802. 11a/ b/ g (2. 4 ~2. 484GHz,5. 15 ~5. 825GHz)频段标准,其回波损耗小于10dB 的阻抗带宽在2. 4GHz 频段可达290MHz(2. 28 ~2. 57GHz),在5GHz 频段可达5. 53GHz(4. 34 ~9. 87GHz)。另外,在工作频带内,还获得了良好的全向辐射方向图 和天线增益。该天线的总体尺寸为22mm×44mm,结构紧凑, 且具有不圆度低、成本低和易于集成等优点, 因此具有 十分良好的应用潜质。