高纯氰化金钾的电解制备法

介绍了一种先进的高分子聚合物膜电妥制备高纯氰化金钾工艺及纯化工艺。     

Phase-controllable synthesis of nanosized nickel phosphides and comparison of photocatalytic degradation ability

In this paper, we employed a facile hydrothermal route to successfully synthesize nanosized nickel phosphide particles with controlled phases via selecting different surfactants at different temperatures and times. The phases of the as-obtained products were determined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns and Rietveld refinement of XRD data. The morphologies of the products were characterized by (high resolution) transmission electron microscopy (HR/TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Experiments indicated that pure Ni2P phase could be prepared when nontoxic red phosphorus and nickel dichloride were used as starting materials in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, 30 K), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) or polyethylene glycol 10000 (PEG-10000) at 160 °C for 10 h. When acrylamide (AM) was selected as the surfactant, however, pure Ni12P5 phase could be prepared by prolonging the reaction time to 20 h at 160 °C, or enhancing the reaction temperature to 180 °C for 10 h. Furthermore, the experiments indicated that the pure Ni2P phase possessed a stronger photocatalytic degradation ability than the pure Ni12P5 phase.     

Enhancing photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cell by rare-earth doped oxide of Lu2O3:(Tm, Yb)

In order to increase of the photocurrent, photovoltage and energy conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), rare-earth doped oxide of Lu₂O₃:(Tm³⁺, Yb³⁺) is prepared and introduced into the TiO₂ film in the DSSC. As a luminescence medium, Lu₂O₃:(Tm³⁺, Yb³⁺) improves incident light harvest via a conversion luminescence process and increases photocurrent; as a p-type dopant, the rare-earth ions elevate the energy level of the oxide film and increase the photovoltage. Under a simulated solar light irradiation of 100 mW cm⁻², the light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of the DSSC with Lu₂O₃:(Tm³⁺, Yb³⁺) doping reaches 6.63%, which is increased by 11.1% compared to the DSSC without Lu₂O₃:(Tm³⁺, Yb³⁺) doping.     

Influence of NH3·H2O additive on the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells with chemical sintered scattering layers

A bi-functional nanocrystalline TiO₂ (nc-TiO₂) layer able to offer both light-scattering and electron generating properties was prepared with a simple method through adding the basic NH₃·H₂O agent into an acid nc-TiO₂ paste to form some big rod-like nc-TiO₂ aggregates by the chemical sintering process. The influence of additional amount of NH₃·H₂O on the photovoltaic performance of the dye-sensitized solar cell with this bi-functional nc-TiO₂ layer in the photoelectrode was studied. It was found that through controlling the additional amount of NH₃·H₂O and the thickness of the bi-functional nc-TiO₂ layer, the highest energy conversion efficiency about 8.11% could be obtained, which was much higher than that of the dye-sensitized solar cell containing a single nc-TiO₂ layer prepared with the original acid nc-TiO₂ paste (4.34%).     

Semiconducting polymer-incorporated nanocrystalline TiO2 particles for photovoltaic applications

In this work, we study hybrid solar cells based on blends of the semiconducting polymer poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl)(P3OT) and [6,6]-phenyl C₆₁ butyric acid methyl (PCBM) coated titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanocrystal film. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), UV–vis absorption spectra and PL quenching researches show that the films had a stronger absorption in visible light range. The influence of the PCBM:P3OT ratio were researched and the optimized ratio of PCBM to P3OT (1:1.5) exhibit a short circuit current of 4.42 mA cm⁻², an open circuit voltage of 0.81 V, a fill factor of 0.73 and a light-to-electric conversion efficiency of 2.61% under a simulated solar light irradiation of 100 mW cm⁻².     

Strategies to measure and optimize the migration of the interfacial modifier to the interface in immiscible polymer blends

A family of emulsification curves has been systematically prepared in order to determine the extent of interfacial modifier migration to the high density polyethylene (HDPE)/polystyrene (PS) interface. Through an examination of the evolution of the equilibrium dispersed phase size after interfacial saturation, as well as a comparison of the apparent interfacial area occupied per modifier molecule (A_app) at the different dispersed phase concentrations, it is possible to detect the onset of micelle formation and to estimate the extent of interfacial coverage. This approach has been applied to HDPE/PS blends, using a variety of triblock and diblock copolymer interfacial modifiers for that system. It is shown quantitatively that it is the affinity of the block copolymer for the matrix material that dominates migration efficacy to the interface. Asymmetrical block copolymers (30PS/70EB) show a strong tendency to form micelles when HDPE is the matrix. This effect is virtually eliminated when PS is the matrix material or when symmetrical block copolymers (50PS/50EB) are used. In these latter cases all the interfacial modifier finds its way to the interface.     

A novel synthesis route to Sn1−xRExO2−x/2 nanorods via microwave-induced salt-assisted solution combustion process

Sn_1−xRE_xO_2−x/2 (RE=Y, La, Gd and Nd) nanorods have been prepared by annealing the as-obtained products from microwave-induced KCl-assisted solution combustion reaction. The phase evolution in the synthesis process was investigated by an X-ray diffractometer. Accordingly, the possible growth mechanism of Sn_1−xRE_xO_2−x/2 nanorods was discussed based on oriented attachment by polar forces. The results showed that the Sn_0.8Y_0.2O_1.9 nanorods were rutile-structured single crystals with 8–12 nm diameter and 100–200 nm length. Proper addition of KCl into the redox mixture solution is critical to the formation of Sn_1−xRE_xO_2−x/2 nanorods. The approach is convenient, inexpensive and efficient for the high yield preparation of Sn_1−xRE_xO_2−x/2 nanorods.     

高硬度聚氨酯灌封胶的制备及性能研究

以聚醚A、聚醚B、聚合MDI为原料,采用一步法合成了高硬度聚氨酯灌封胶,考察了聚醚配比、硬段含量、复配扩链剂配比对材料的硬度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、体积电阻率的影响。结果表明,随着聚醚A含量增加,材料的硬度、拉伸强度逐渐增加;体积电阻率先增加后减少,并在聚醚A和聚醚B的质量比为1：2时达到最大值;当复配扩链剂TMP和BDO质量比为1：2时,体积电阻率达4．8×10^16Ω·cm,材料的综合性能最佳,且可以满足市场需求。     

φ4m×13m水泥磨调试达标措施

1前言 我公司现有两套φ4m×13m闭路水泥磨系统（配用N2000型O-Sepa选粉机,设计生产能力80t／h,成品比表面积330-350m2／kg）,自2005年11月开始调试,调试初期两套水泥磨系统运行效果始终不太理想,达不到设计生产能力,磨机工况不稳定,经常饱磨,并且磨尾伴随着有大量吐渣,成品比表面积波动大,不易控制。我们经过对设备进行现象跟踪及分析,采取一系列技改措施,取得了较好效果。     

粉末注射成形制备SiCP/Cu复合材料及其摩擦磨损性能研究

采用粉末注射成形技术制备SiCP/Cu复合材料零件,研究了该复合材料的粉末注射成形工艺过程,获得了理想SiCP/Cu复合材料注射成形零件,并对该复合材料进行摩擦磨损试验.结果表明,SiCP的加入改善了材料的摩擦学性能,摩擦系数随滑动时间的延长而增加得较为平缓;含10％SiCP的复合材料磨损表面的粘着和塑性变形程度轻,有一定的磨粒磨损;含15％SiCP的该复合材料磨损表面呈典型磨粒磨损;该复合材料磨损表面存在白亮色的致密机械混合层,同时磨损试验的偶件40Cr钢环表面也被犁削而形成了平行的条纹;该复合材料磨损表面含有Cu、Si、C、Fe和O元素,这增加了钢环表面转移过来的Fe元素和表面摩擦发热造成的氧化而带来的O元素.