电火花铣削加工用展成电极的设计

为了解决电火花铣削加工中的电极损耗补偿难题,提出了一种基于线电极的电火花铣削加工方法,本文介绍了该方法的加工原理,提出了展成电极的概念及其设计要求,并对展成电极的总体结构、走丝机构、导丝杆的设计给出了较为详细的叙述。实验证明,利用设计的展成电极可在普通数控电火花加工机床上进行基于线电极的电火花铣削加工。     

Chia Seed Oil Prevents High Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemia and Oxidative Stress in Mice

Hyperlipidemia is a common cardiovascular disease. At present, the influence of high fat diet (HFD) on this is being explored. Recently, vegetable oils rich in omega‐3 have been reported that can treat hyperlipidemia caused by HFD. However, the effects of chia seed oil (CSO) on HFD‐induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress are poorly studied. Hence, in this study, the effects of CSO on hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress induced by HFD in mice are analyzed by various commercial kits, section staining, and protein expression. The results show that CSO decreases body weight and organ index. Meanwhile, CSO reduces serum lipid levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. It can also elevate superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and reduce malondialdehyde content in serum and liver. The results of histopathological analysis prove that CSO improves hepatic steatosis and reduces lipid deposition. Further, the results of western blot demonstrate that CSO upregulates the expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a in the liver. As a result, CSO may be a potential lipid‐lowering oil to prevent and treat HFD‐induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. Practical Applications CSO, as a byproduct of chia seed processing, is a rich source of α‐linolenic acid. This study investigates the effects of CSO on HFD‐induced hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in mice. It is concluded that dietary CSO can improve the hyperlipidemia in HFD‐induced mice via analysis of lipid parameters, histopathology study of the liver, and lipid metabolism related genes. In addition, supplementation of CSO also can improve the oxidative stress in mice. Therefore, CSO can be used for the prevention of hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress. This research provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of functional chia seed oil.     

PBS-g-MAH及MAH对PBS/淀粉合金力学性能的影响

通过在聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)/淀粉合金中加入PBS-g-MAH,改善合金材料的力学性能;同时通过"一步法"挤出改善材料的力学性能.研究了PBS-g-MAH和MAH的加入量对材料力学性能的变影响;通过SEM及DSC观察了合金中两相相容性的改善情况和材料熔融热行为的变化.结果表明,两种改性方法改善了合金材料的力学性能.当体系中含有5%接枝物时,合金的拉伸强度相对于不加助剂提高68%,冲击强度提高70%;当MAH加入量为PBS的1%时,其拉伸强度提高约94%,冲击强度提高143%;体系的相容性也得提高,合金的熔点也发生了不同程度的变化.     

钢铁生产的水能关系分析

从钢铁生产过程中水资源使用时的能耗角度研究了钢铁联合企业的水能关系,提出了水能强度的概念来评价企业生产过程中水资源利用的节能水平,建立了钢铁企业的水能关系模型。以中国某大型钢铁联合企业为例,计算并分析了该企业的水能关系。该企业总的水能量为55 709 kW·h/h,重复用水水能量占整个钢铁企业全部水能量的82%,补水水能量占16%,排水水能量占1%;各工序中热轧工序占比最大,其次是炼铁、炼钢工序,冷轧、烧结和炼焦工序较低。该企业的吨钢水能强度为0.208 kW·h/m3,炼铁工序的水能强度最高,热轧、炼钢工序次之,烧结、冷轧和炼焦工序较低。最后,从钢铁生产过程水资源利用的角度得到节能的方向及措施。     

基于工业电力数据的区域制造业空间集聚模型

电力数据具有实时性和准确性的优点,越来越多的电网企业开展电力消费数据的应用服务,助力区域产业发展。基于此,提出将工业电力数据应用于区域产业空间集聚研究,综合采用区位商、空间基尼系数,分析单一产业的集聚程度;进一步,采用投入产出模型确定区域产业链的关联关系,再利用共同集聚指数计算产业链的集聚效应。最后采用福建省制造业电力消费数据,对福建省产业空间集聚开展实证分析,并以经济数据对结果进行校验,结果表明：电力数据具有动态监测产业集群空间集聚活动的能力,可为区域产业布局提供数据支撑。     

端面粘贴包覆火药界面粘结强度研究

包覆火药装药控制燃气生成速率，降低弹性温度系数，提高弹丸初速的效果部分来自于包覆层的作用，对预制包覆层端粘包覆火药，其包覆层的厚度，密度，强度等性能已根据弹道和装药表确控制，包覆层与基药的界面粘结度就决定了包覆层控制燃气生成速率的有效性和可靠性，它是检验端面粘贴包覆火药工艺质量的关键指标，本文采用落锤实实验检包覆火药的界面结强度，研究了粘结工艺条件对端面粘贴包覆火药界面粘结强度的影响，通过实验选择出了合适的粘结剂及粘结工艺条件，制备了界面粘结强度良好的端面粘贴包覆火药。     

连续式轧钢加热炉在线控制数学模型与应用

以理论计算和实测数据为依据,开发了连续式加热炉最佳炉温设定和在线控制数学模型,并应用于安钢中型厂5点供热推钢式加热炉。结果表明：在轧机产量波动时,不但加热炉供热合理,而且钢温波动小、加热质量好、节能效果显著。     

正十六烷降解菌的分离、鉴定及降解特性

以正十六烷为唯一碳源进行选择性富集培养,从石油污染土壤中筛选出1株正十六烷降解菌;根据形态观察和自动化鉴定分析,初步确定其为铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa);采用气相色谱法测定了其对正十六烷的降解作用。结果表明,该菌株降解正十六烷的作用明显,在pH值为7.0时降解效果最好。     

新型L-苏氨酸尾式卟啉及其锌(II)配合物合成与表征

为了探索手性金属卟啉配合物的结构与功能 ,用 L-苏氨酸和 5 -[邻 -(2 -溴乙氧基 )苯基 ]-1 0 ,1 5 ,2 0 -三苯基卟啉为原料合成了一种新型 L-苏氨酸尾式卟啉及其锌 (II)配合物 ,通过元素分析、红外光谱、化学分析和质谱等对其进行了结构表征。测试并研究了它们在 40 0 0～ 40 0 cm- 1 范围内的傅里叶变换红外光谱 ,对主要谱带进行了经验归属     

Removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by chelating starch derivatives

Two chemically modified starch derivatives, crosslinked amino starch (CAS) and dithiocarbamates modified starch (DTCS), were prepared and used for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. CAS was found to be effective for the adsorption of Cu(II), which tended to form a stable amine complex. Adsorption of Cu(II) onto DTCS was higher than that onto CAS. Experiments showed that the adsorption processes of Cu(II) on both CAS and DTCS were endothermic, and followed Freundlich isothermal adsorption. For both adsorbents, dynamic modeling of their adsorption showed that the first‐order reversible kinetic model described the adsorption process. The adsorption rate constants of CAS and DTCS were 1.578 and 10.32 h^?1, respectively. From the results of the thermodynamic analysis, free energy ΔG, enthalpy ΔH, and entropy ΔS of the adsorption process were calculated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3881–3885, 2004