碱锰电池的现在与未来

本文概述了国内外碱锰电池工业和市场的现状，分析了市场的发展趋势，指出我国发展碱锰电地工业过程中可能出现的问题。     

燃料电池客车驱动系统传导性骚扰的仿真

燃料电池混合动力汽车中的驱动系统是此类车辆上主要传导性骚扰源之一,其产生高频骚扰的主要原因是逆变器内部IGBT开断过程引起很大的电压电流变化。为了研究IGBT引起的电磁骚扰机理,建立了同时包括逆变器开关管动作引起的时变参数模型和集肤效应引起的电缆电机系统的频变参数模型的驱动系统高频参数模型。针对实际的燃料电池客车,应用矢量匹配法使有理式近似拟合电缆电机系统的复杂频变参数,再折算到时域,从而在时域电路求解中同时考虑这两类复杂参数的作用,计算效率大为提高,并为实测结果所验证。     

电力设备的试验逻辑

本文以避雷器型式（设计）试验为例，探讨试验依据、试品布置、合格判据及企标地位等电力设备的试验逻辑。     

多数据流上共享窗口连接查询的降载策略

数据流模型作为一种新型的模型，在许多应用中扮演着重要的角色．基于数据流模型的查询处理技术也得到了广泛的研究．为了提高查询系统的性能，现有的研究成果主要可以划分为两类：调度优化和降低负载方法．调度优化方法通过改变元组执行次序来提高查询性能．降低负载方法在负载超出系统处理能力时，通过减少输入流量来提高吞吐率．然而，同时运用这两种方法来提高查询性能的研究工作还很少．结合共享滑动窗口查询操作的调度优化方法和降低负载方法，提出了两种在burst环境下提高查询吞吐率的策略：均匀降载策略和小窗口准确降载策略．理论分析和实验结果均证明这两种策略能显著提高系统的性能．     

A Scalable Asynchronous Cache Consistency Scheme (SACCS) for mobile environments

In the literature, there exit two types of cache consistency maintenance algorithms for mobile computing environments: stateless and stateful. In a stateless approach, the server is unaware of the cache contents at a mobile user (MU). Even though stateless approaches employ simple database management schemes, they lack scalability and ability to support user disconnectedness and mobility. On the other hand, a stateful approach is scalable for large database systems at the cost of nontrivial overhead due to server database management. We propose a novel algorithm, called Scalable Asynchronous Cache Consistency Scheme (SACCS), which inherits the positive features of both stateless and stateful approaches. SACCS provides a weak cache consistency for unreliable communication (e.g., wireless mobile) environments with small stale cache hit probability. It is also a highly scalable algorithm with minimum database management overhead. The properties are accomplished through the use of flag bits at the server cache (SC) and MU cache (MUC), an identifier (ID) in MUC for each entry after its invalidation, and estimated time-to-live (TTL) for each cached entry, as well as rendering of all valid entries of MUC to uncertain state when an MU wakes up. The stale cache hit probability is analyzed and also simulated under the Rayleigh fading model of error-prone wireless channels. Comprehensive simulation results show that the performance of SACCS is superior to those of other existing stateful and stateless algorithms in both single and multicell mobile environments.     

Electromagnetic environment analysis of a software park near transmission lines

The electromagnetic environments (EMEs) of the planned Zhongguancun Software Park near transmission lines, including electrical field, magnetic field, and ground potential rise under three cases of lightning stroke, normal operation, and short-circuit faults, are assessed by numerical analysis. The power frequency EMEs of the software park are below the maximum ecological allowed exposure values for the general public; , nevertheless, the power frequency magnetic field may interfere with the sensitive computer display unit. The influence of short-circuit fault in two different cases of remote short circuit and neighboring short circuit on the software park is discussed. The main problem we must pay attention to is the ground potential rise in the software park due to neighboring short-circuit fault; it would threaten the safe operation of electronic devices in the software park. On the other hand, the lightning stroke is a serious threat to the software park. How to improve the EMEs of the software park is discussed.     

远程缓冲区溢出攻击的原理分析与检测

基于缓冲区溢出的攻击是目前使用相当普遍的一种黑客技术,该文分析了这种攻击的基本原理,在此基础上提出了利用NDIS开发包进行检测的一般方法,并且用实验证实了这种方法的有效性。     

Improved single neuron controller for multivariable stochastic systems with non-Gaussianities and unmodeled dynamics

In this paper, a new adaptive control approach is presented for multivariate nonlinear non-Gaussian systems with unknown models. A more general and systematic statistical measure, called (h,?)$(h,?)$-entropy, is adopted here to characterize the uncertainty of the considered systems. By using the “sliding window” technique, the non-parameter estimate of the (h,?)$(h,?)$-entropy is formulated. Then, the improved neuron based controllers are developed for multivariate nonlinear non-Gaussian systems by minimizing the entropies of the tracking errors in closed loops. The condition to guarantee the strictly decreasing entropy of tracking error is presented. Moreover, the convergence in the mean-square sense has been analyzed for all the weights in the neural controllers. Finally, the comparative simulation results are presented to show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is superior to that of PID control strategy.     

Computational models of a nano probe tip for static behaviors

It is difficult to predict the measurement bias arising from the compliance of the atomic force microscope (AFM) probe. The issue becomes particularly important in this situation where nanometer uncertainties are sought for measurements with dimensional probes composed of flexible carbon nanotubes mounted on AFM cantilevers. We have developed a finite element model for simulating the mechanical behavior of AFM cantilevers with carbon nanotubes attached. Spring constants of both the nanotube and cantilever in two directions are calculated using the finite element method with known Young's moduli of both silicon and multiwall nanotube as input data. Compliance of the nanotube-attached AFM probe tip may be calculated from the set of spring constants. This paper presents static models that together provide a basis to estimate uncertainties in linewidth measurement using nanotubes. In particular, the interaction between a multiwall nanotube tip and a silicon sample is modeled using the Lennard-Jones theory. Snap-in and snap-out of the probe tip in a scanning mode are calculated by integrating the compliance of the probe and the sample-tip interacting force model. Cantilever and probe tip deflections and points of contact are derived for both horizontal scanning of a plateau and vertically scanning of a wall. The finite element method and the Lennard-Jones model provide a means to analyze the interaction of the probe and sample and measurement uncertainty, including actual deflection and the gap between the probe tip and the measured sample surface.     

Germline stem cell lineage tracing by free-floating immunofluorescent assay of mouse seminiferous tubule

Whole-mount immunohistochemistry (whole-mount IH) of the seminiferous tubule is widely used to investigate the self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Examination of the length of spermatogonial cysts is critical for tracing SSCs lineage by using Whole-mount IH. However, it is difficult for antibody molecules to penetrate into the depth of seminiferous epithelium because its thickness and the tight peritubular myoid and basement membrane outside. Here, we developed a free-floating immunofluorescent procedure of mouse seminiferous tubules using regular incubation time and normal antibody concentration. Microscopic results showed that undifferentiated spermatogonia were positively labeled by promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger protein, E-cadherin, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha 1, respectively. Spermatogonial cysts in varied length were revealed clearly and spermatogonia subpopulations including A(single) (A(s)), A(paired) (A(pr)), and A(aligned) (A(al)) were distinguished in lower background images. This method provides us an alternate simple way to trace the lineage of individual SSCs and show their three-dimensional locations and distributions within their niches anatomically in next step.