Synthesis and Characterization of Glucosamide Surfactant

The synthesis and structural analysis of glucosamide surfactants of the general formula C_nH_2n+1NH(CH₂)₂NHCO(CHOH)₄CH₂OH (n = 8, 10, 12) are described, and the surface activity properties of the surfactants are studied. N‐alkylethylenediamines were synthesized by the alkylation of the ethylenediamine with alkyl bromide. The glucosamide surfactants, N‐alkyl‐N′‐glucosylethylenediamine (C_nGA), were prepared by amidation of the precursor diamine with d ‐gluconic acid δ‐lactone. They were structurally characterized by IR, ¹H NMR and MS. They reduced the surface tension of water to approximately 26–27 mN m^?1 at concentration levels of (0.5–1.6) × 10^?3 mol L^?1.     

微波辐射法维生素C催化合成苯甲醛乙二醇缩醛

缩醛化合物是有机合成中一类非常重要的中间体,文章以维生素C为催化剂,在微波辐射下合成了苯甲醛乙二醇缩醛,系统考察了微波辐射的辐射功率、辐射时间、催化剂用量和醛醇物料比对缩醛产率的影响,并用UV、FTIR表征产物的结构。研究结果表明:辐射功率为520 W,辐射时间为3 min,催化剂用量为0.5 g,醛醇物料比为1∶1.6时,反应结果最佳,产率可达60%,并且具有较好的重现性。     

3A分子筛对乙酸乙酯溶液中微量水分吸附及再生的研究

论文对3A分子筛对乙酸乙酯溶剂中少量水分的吸附及再生进行了的探讨。对3A分子筛对的饱和吸附量,水分的吸附效果,分子筛的再生条件和寿命分别进行了研究,为相关工艺提供基础数据。研究结果表明:流量为5 mL/min时,吸附效果较好。分子筛再生采用干燥方式,在230℃下干燥4 h,循环使用30次后的吸附效果仍然较好。对分子筛的微观结构通过SEM进行了分析,发现新鲜分子筛和循环使用30次后的分子筛微观表面结构有所不同,这需要我们进一步进行深入的研究。     

Crystal Structures and Luminescent Properties of Two Lanthanide(III) Complexes Featuring Double-Stranded Helical Chains of Based on 2-Sulfoterephthalate

Hydrothermal reaction of Eu³⁺ and Dy³⁺ salts with monosodium 2-sulfoterephthalate (NaH₂stp) gives two 2D lanthanide coordination polymers, [Ln(stp)(H₂O)₂] _n (Ln = Eu (1) and Dy (2)). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction of the complexes reveal that both 1 and 2 crystallize in the triclinic crystal system of Pī space group. For 1, each Eu³⁺ ion lies in a 9-coordinated slightly distorted tri-capped triangle pyramidal configuration. The stp ligands adopt a μ ₄-type link to the metal ions to form a 2D layer-like structure, of which there exist the left- and right-handed double-stranded helical chains. For 2, each Dy³⁺ ion is in a 8-coordinated distorted bi-capped triangle pyramidal geometry. The double-stranded helical chains in 2 differ from those in 1. The thermal stabilities of the two compounds are studied by TGA. The solid state photoluminescence of 1 and 2 are reported. The fluorescent decay curves of the ligand and compounds indicate that 1 has the lifetime of 286.7 μs, τ ₁ = 0.51 ns and τ ₂ = 3.07 ns for the ligand, and for 2, τ ₁ = 0.53 ns and τ ₂ = 2.71 ns.     

Relationship between two characteristic diffractions and the status of cationic lanthanum species in zeolite LaNaY

By employing ex situ and in situ powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies, the evolution of two characteristic diffractions at 11.9° and 12.4° (2θ) with the real-time migration of cationic lanthanum species in hydrated, dehydrated, and rehydrated lanthanum-exchanged zeolite NaY (LaNaY) have been discussed thoroughly. We found that the [La(H₂O) _m ]³⁺ ions in the supercages can strengthen the (222) diffraction and reduce the (311) diffraction dramatically, and such effects disappear when [La(H₂O) _m ]³⁺ ions migrate into the sodalite cages and the hexagonal prisms. The relationship obtained shows the capability to monitor the content/location of lanthanum species in LaNaY sample by monitoring the diffractions between 11.6° and 12.8° (2θ) in its XRD pattern, and may be useful in the routine characterization of LaNaY samples in petrochemical industry, avoiding long time collection and the structure refinement of XRD patterns. Moreover, carefully designed in situ XRD characterization proves that H₂O molecules play an important role in the reversible migration of cationic lanthanum species in zeolite Y. ²⁷Al MAS NMR was also performed for validation.     

气-固相法制备高氯化EVA及其氯化原位接枝改性研究

讨论了以气-固相法制备的高氯化EVA(HCEVA)作为涂料中的成膜物,研究了其涂膜的基本性能,并采用氯化原位接枝在EVA主链上分别接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和苯乙烯(St)进行改性,得到共聚物HCEVA-cg-MMA及HCEVA-cg-St。性能测试结果表明,其涂膜性能均能达到优良的标准,附着力均能达到1级,耐冲击性50 cm,柔韧性为1 mm,同时接枝产物在普通有机溶剂中的黏度降低,表明其溶解性增加。     

Enantioseparation of chiral ofloxacin using biomacromolecules

Natural biomacromolecules including bovine serum albumin (BSA), calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and fish sperm DNA (fs-DNA) were studied as the free chiral selectors to separate R- and S-ofloxacin enantiomers from racemic ofloxacin, combined with ultrafiltration and subsequent crystallization. First, the interactions between chiral ofloxacin and biomacromolecules including BSA, ct-DNA, and fs-DNA were investigated using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. BSA exhibited stereoselective adsorption towards R-ofloxacin at pH 9.0 with an enantioselectivity of 1.23, while ct-DNA showed enantiospecific interaction with S-enantiomer with the selectivity of 1.70 at pH 5.0. One single-stage adsorption by BSA provides an enantiomeric excess in the permeate (e.e. _p ) of 14% in S-enantiomer, and five-stage operations enhance the chiral resolution to reach the e.e.p value of 44%. R-enantiomer with an e.e. _p of ?26% can be obtained through one single-stage adsorption by using ct-DNA, and ?85% can be reached by five-stage operations. Enantiomeric mixtures with the intial e.e. of 44% (S-) can be upgraded to 95% (S-) through subsequent crystallization. This programmable process of adsorption and desorption using BSA or ct-DNA as chiral selectors can be successfully applied to produce the enantiomers with highly optical purity.     

TRIZ创新理论在工作的实际应用——纯氧助燃技术在浮法玻璃熔窑上的应用研究

通过TRIZ创新理论,对传统玻璃行业节能减排、提高玻璃质量进行创新性研究。纯氧助燃技术的开发应用,改变了传统浮法玻璃窑炉的火焰特性,大大地降低了玻璃熔窑能耗及玻璃窑炉烟气中的NOx排放,提高了玻璃质量,对我国浮法玻璃技术的提高具有现实意义。     

轻油裂解法生产氰化钠工艺中裂解余热利用

轻油裂解法生产液体氰化钠过程中,存在大量的余热,一部分热量将原料预热,其余热量通过循环冷却水带出系统后经凉水塔排至环境中,浪费了大量热能。介绍了一种化工生产中的余热回收利用方法。通过对氰化钠车间的工艺、设备及管道进行改造,将氰化钠生产余热替代蒸汽引入厂区供暖及加热设备中,对裂解余热加以利用,并对余热能效进行计算。结果表明,氰化钠余热利用后每年可回收大量热能,节省了煤的用量,减少了环境污染。