Stretchable,Transparent Zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistors

Stretchable and transparent thin film transistors (TFTs) with intrisically brittle oxide semiconductors are built using a wavy structural configuration that can provide high flexibility and stretchability. After device fabrication procedures including high temperature annealing, the oxide semiconductor‐based TFT arrays can be transferred directly to plastic or rubber substrates, without an additional device process, using transfer printing methods. This procedure can avoid some of the thermal degradation problems associated with plastic or rubber substrates by separating them from the annealing procedure needed to improve the device performance. These design and fabrication methods offer the possibility of developing a new format of stretchable electronics.     

Selective Photothermal Tumor Therapy Using Nanodiamond‐Based Nanoclusters with Folic Acid

This paper describes the fabrication and evaluation of folic acid (FA)‐conjugated nanodiamond (ND) nanoclusters for selective photothermal tumor therapy. ND nanoclusters with surface carboxyl groups are aminated using ethylenediamine and conjugated with FA via carbodiimide chemistry. The temperature of an aqueous ND dispersion (10 μg mL^?1) is increased to 54 °C upon laser exposure for 5 min. FA‐ND nanoclusters are preferentially taken up by KB cells (folate receptor positive) compared to WI‐38 (folate receptor negative) cells, suggesting specificity for tumor cells that overexpress folate receptors. Cell viability tests reveal that FA‐ND nanoclusters effectively and selectively ablate KB cells upon near‐infrared (NIR) laser exposure. In addition, fluorescence microscopy images confirm that only KB cells treated with FA‐ND nanoclusters are ablated in a spot (200 μm in diameter) by NIR laser exposure. In an animal model, a large amount of FA‐ND nanoclusters is accumulated into tumor tissue, resulting in dramatically reduced tumor volume post‐NIR laser exposure as compared to ND nanoclusters.     

High‐Precision Temperature‐Controllable Metal‐Coated Polymeric Molds for Programmable,Hierarchical Patterning

Nanofabrication is an indispensable process in nanoscience and nanotechnology. Unconventional lithographic techniques are often used for fabrication as alternatives to photolithography because they are faster, more cost‐effective, and simpler to use. However, these techniques are limited in scalability and utility because of the collapse of preprinted structures during step‐and‐repeat processes. This study proposes a new class of temperature‐controllable polymeric molds that are coated with a metal such that any site‐specific patterning can be accomplished in a programmable manner using selective contact‐dewetting lithography. The lithography allows sub‐100 nm patterning, step‐and‐repeat processing, and hierarchical structure fabrication. The programmable feature of the lithography can be utilized for the structural coloring and shaping of objects. Large‐area programmable patterning, semiconductor device manufacturing, and the fabrication of iridescent security devices would benefit from the unique features of the proposed strategy.     

The PPG Physiological Signal for Heart Rate Variability Analysis

The photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor can be applied to measure the situation and function of human blood circulation. The PPG sensor is not only existed the characteristics of simple, convenient and low price but also easy non-invasive to measure physiological signal. The advantage of PPG signal is easy to measure from various sensing location. The physiological information of the clinical detection method is broadly implemented for such type. In this paper, we utilize “the green LED reflective” PPG sensor to capture physiological signals operated in static and exercise modes. Therefore, we adopted the short-term measurement in 5 min. Those captured signals are divided into five segments and 1 min for each segment. We calculated heart beats per minute and heart rate variability (HRV) operated in time domain analysis criteria. The related theory of short-time Fourier transform (STFT) combined with power spectral density (PSD) is implemented for finding HRV in frequency domain analysis. Then, we derived random process theory and the autocorrelation function which are verified the PPG measurement is stationary process or not. In the future experiment, we can compare the 24 h data with the previous results. Consequently, we apply the physical health status monitoring of long-term and short-term modes to observe subject varies of HRV and ANS after listening music concurrently.     

Millimeter and submillimeter wave quasi-optical oscillator withGunn diodes

The grooved-mirror-type Fabry-Perot (GFP) oscillator was used for coherent power-combining of multiple elements in the millimeter- and submillimeter-wave region. The admittance of the Gunn diode in oscillation was measured experimentally in the millimeter-wave region to design the GFP oscillator. The gain characteristics of the diode were found at the frequencies from 42 to 48 GHz from the measured results. With this Gunn diode in the GFP resonator, oscillation was observed. The experimental results indicated that for impedance matching between the diode and the resonant cavity, the groove height must be adjusted     

Highly Crystalline Soluble Acene Crystal Arrays for Organic Transistors: Mechanism of Crystal Growth During Dip‐Coating

The preparation of uniform large‐area highly crystalline organic semiconductor thin films that show outstanding carrier mobilities remains a challenge in the field of organic electronics, including organic field‐effect transistors. Quantitative control over the drying speed during dip‐coating permits optimization of the organic semiconductor film formation, although the kinetics of crystallization at the air–solution–substrate contact line are still not well understood. Here, we report the facile one‐step growth of self‐aligning, highly crystalline soluble acene crystal arrays that exhibit excellent field‐effect mobilities (up to 1.5 cm V^?1 s^?1) via an optimized dip‐coating process. We discover that optimized acene crystals grew at a particular substrate lifting‐rate in the presence of low boiling point solvents, such as dichloromethane (b.p. of 40.0 °C) or chloroform (b.p. of 60.4 °C). Variable‐temperature dip‐coating experiments using various solvents and lift rates are performed to elucidate the crystallization behavior. This bottom‐up study of soluble acene crystal growth during dip‐coating provides conditions under which one may obtain uniform organic semiconductor crystal arrays with high crystallinity and mobilities over large substrate areas, regardless of the substrate geometry (wafer substrates or cylinder‐shaped substrates).     

Poly(cyclodextrin)‐Polydrug Nanocomplexes as Synthetic Oncolytic Virus for Locoregional Melanoma Chemoimmunotherapy

Despite the approval of oncolytic virus (OV) therapy for advanced melanoma, its intrinsic limitations that include the risk of persistent viral infection and cost‐intensive manufacturing motivate the development of analogous approaches that are free from the disadvantages of virus‐based therapies. Herein, reported is a nanoassembly comprised of multivalent host–guest interactions between polymerized paclitaxel (pPTX) and nitric oxide‐incorporated polymerized β‐cyclodextrin (pCD‐pSNO) that through its bioactive components and when used locoregionally recapitulates the therapeutic effects of OV. The resultant pPTX/pCD‐pSNO exhibits significantly enhanced cytotoxicity, immunogenic cell death, dendritic cell (DC) activation, and T cell expansion in vitro compared to free agents alone or in combination. In vivo, intratumoral administration of pPTX/pCD‐pSNO results in activation and expansion of DCs systemically, but with a corresponding expansion of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells and suppression of CD8⁺ T cell expansion. When combined with antibody targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen‐4 that blunts this molecule's signaling effects on T cells, intratumoral pPTX/pCD‐pSNO treatment elicits potent anticancer effects that significantly prolong animal survival. This formulation thus leverages the chemo‐ and immunotherapeutic synergies of PTX and nitric oxide and suggests the potential for virus‐free nanoformulations to mimic the therapeutic action and benefits of OVs.     

改进缺陷,套刻和聚焦性能的第五世代浸没式曝光系统

论述了第五世代双扫描平台浸液式扫描曝光机的性能和进展。表明了在高速扫描状态下有生产价值的套刻和聚焦性能的实现。浸液式设备更多的关键部分与缺陷有关,而且该机的改进是通过有生产价值的缺陷水平方面来体现的。为了保持这种缺陷水平的改进效果,需要在圆片应用中进行专门稳定的测量。特加是边缘空泡除去(EBR)设计和圆片斜面良流线性是很重要的。     

Negative giant surface potential of vacuum-evaporated tris(7-propyl-8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum(III) [Al(7-Prq)3] film

Negative giant surface potential was realized in a vacuum-evaporated film of tris(7-propyl-8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum(III) [Al(7-Prq)₃]. Electroabsorption response of the film presented an inverted polarity to that of tris(8-hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum (Alq₃), suggesting opposite noncentrosymmetry of molecular orientation. Asymmetric dice model with molecular geometric effect has been proposed, and propyl substitution at 7 position of the ligands was indicated to affects the molecular posture on the surface to invert the polarity of noncentrosymmetry. Our results opened a new possibility of controlling molecular orientation in a film for device applications.     

Mergers and Acquisitions in the Telecommunications Industry: Myths and Reality

This paper investigates how market participants react to mergers and acquisitions (M&As) involving telecommunications companies. The empirical evidence suggests that such activities convey bad news to the market. This is consistent with the synergy trap hypothesis and extant empirical findings of value‐reducing diversification strategies in recent literature. The evidence also indicates that a cross‐border, rather than a domestic M&A deal, is the main driver of the negative market reaction. Further, our evidence of negative impacts on the bidder's business after an M&A reinforces our main finding that market participants, on average, perceive M&A activities to be detrimental to shareholder value. This suggests that value creation or synergy through an M&A deal is not warranted even though it can generate an increase in size of the firm.