Estimating the costs of occupational injury in the United States

This article estimates workplace injury costs in the U.S. These costs have been studied in less detail than most injury costs. Our methods, which mostly use regularly published data, produce order-of-magnitude estimates. Overall, workplace injuries cost the U.S. an estimated $140 billion annually. This estimate includes $17 billion in medical and emergency services, $60 billion in lost productivity, $5 billion in insurance costs, and $62 billion in lost quality of life. One sixth of the societal costs result from the 3% of workplace injuries in motor vehicle crashes. Motor vehicle costs per injury are almost 6 times the workplace injury average.     

Minimax control of a process in a linear uncertain-stochastic system with incomplete data

Consideration is given to the control problem in a linear stochastic differential system where constant noise intensities in equations of state and observation are prescribed only accurate within the membership of some known sets. For control optimization, an integral root-mean-square performance criterion is used. The problem is solved by the transition to a dual one, which makes it possible to prove the existence of a saddle point of the criterion and obtain an explicit expression for the minimax control operator as functions of the solution to the dual problem. To solve the latter, an iteration algorithm is proposed; the convergence of the algorithm is proved and investigated by a model example.     

Effects of note-taking on perceived counselor social influence during a career counseling session.

Examined the effects of counselor note-taking behavior on participants' impressions of a counselor during a career counseling session. A total of 140 participants (70 men and 70 women) rated 1 of 2 videotapes designed to credibly simulate a real career counseling interview. Note-taking was the independent variable. Results of this study suggest that whether a counselor is observed in a note-taking or non-note-taking condition has no significant effect on perceived counselor expertness, attractiveness, or trustworthiness. However, there was a significantly greater willingness of the participants to see the counselor who refrained from note-taking. Results offer tentative suggestions for those counselors who choose to take notes during a career counseling session. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Five channel WDM soliton pulse generation using sinusoidally drivenelectroabsorption modulators in 16×1 laser/modulator array

Five wavelength multiplexed pulse streams are generated in an integrated 16×1 laser modulator array by sinusoidally driving five of the potential 16 electroabsorption modulators. At a repetition rate of 2.5 GHz, near transform-limited pulses spaced in wavelength over 7.6 nm are observed. Pseudorandom coding of one channel is achieved by applying an electrical RZ data signal to the modulator     

Endocrine disorders in critically ill children

Endocrine disorders in critically ill infants and children can be the manifestation of an existing but previously unrecognized condition, or hormonal derangements precipitated by deleterious effects on endocrine function of a critical illness or its prescribed therapy. To achieve successful resolution of these crises, a general understanding of various endocrine dysfunctions, clinical symptomatology, diagnosis, and medical and nursing management is essential.