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61.
常压渣油热反应过程中胶体的稳定性 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
利用质量分数电导率方法研究了中东和克拉玛依常压渣油在热反应过程中胶体的稳定性。结果表明,随着反应时间的增长,在热反应生焦诱导期内,渣油的胶体稳定性迅速下降;开始生焦后,胶体稳定性缓慢下降。从中东常压渣油的SARA四组分的数均相对分子质量、碳氢元素组成、平均芳碳率等方面探讨了中东常压渣油在热反应过程中胶体稳定性下降的原因。结果表明,在热反应中,由于裂解和缩聚反应的共同作用,使渣油的沥青质和饱和分含量上升,芳香分含量下降,胶质含量变化不大;随着热反应的进行,四组分的数均相对分子质量均呈下降趋势,导致了渣油胶体稳定性的下降并发生生焦反应。 相似文献
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Yun‐Hwei Shen 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(5):581-586
A novel strategy of sweep coagulation to treat low turbidity water is presented herein. Study findings demonstrated that an Na+‐saturated bentonite with medium cation exchange capacity (CEC) resulted in significant turbidity removal at a bentonite dosage of 30 mg dm?3. Bentonite dispersion with fully delaminated platelets tended to undergo a more porous type of coagulation with intense face‐to‐face interactions of platelets and effectively entrapped TiO2 particles in band‐type structures. This type of coagulation usually results in a large volume of settled flocs with a fluffy structure and excellent turbidity removal efficiency for sweep coagulation. The sign and magnitude of electrical charge on TiO2 particles has a minor effect on the efficiency of sweep coagulation. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Feedback-induced chaos and intensity noise enhancement in a laser diode with external optical feedback are studied by computer simulations. The enhancement of relative intensity noise (RIN) that is often observed in experiments is considered as a result of the feedback-induced deterministic chaos and the intensity noise suppression is treated from the viewpoint of chaos control. Especially, the conventional noise suppressing technique known as a high-frequency injection modulation is turned into a problem of stabilizing chaos through parameter modulations. We developed an analytical method which allows to optimize the modulation frequency from the linear stability analysis of the dynamical model that describes the laser diode with external feedback. The robustness of the modulation with respect to the modulation frequency and depth is verified and the results suggest the feasibility of applying our method to actual noise suppression. The RIN in the low-frequency region (up to 100 MHz) is shown to be reduced to the solitary laser level when the feedback-induced chaos is effectively controlled with the optimized modulation frequency 相似文献
67.
The class II trans-activator (CIITA) is a bi- or multi-functional domain protein which plays a critical role in the expression of MHC class II genes. We report that removal of the N-terminal 151 amino acids, encompassing all of the acidic domain but leaving intact the proline/serine/threonine-rich domain, results in a mutant protein with potent suppressive properties for MHC class II expression. HeLa cells stably or transiently transfected with mutant CIITA constructs showed up to 99% suppression of MHC class II antigen induction by IFN-gamma and marked suppression of HLA-DRA mRNA expression. Transient transfection of a B lymphoma line resulted in up to 89% reduction of constitutive MHC class II expression within 5 days and suppression of HLA-DRA mRNA synthesis. 相似文献
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An aromatic diamine, CMOMDA, was synthesized and used as a chain extender for reaction injection molding (RIM) polyurethane–urea. The morphology and properties of CMOMDA-, DETDA-, and MDA-extended poly(ether–urethane–urea)s (PEUUs) were measured by IR, DSC, DMS, SEM, and tensile testing apparatus. Well-matched values of Ch and Xut,b/Ch were necessary for aromatic diamine-extended PEUU. DSC and SEM showed that the aggregation state of hard segments might undergo some changes with increasing hard-segment content. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
70.
钛酸铅系薄膜的热释电性能及其应用 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9
叙述了钛酸铅系薄膜的热释电原理,介绍了国际上近几年钛酸铅系薄膜材料、制备工艺及热释电性能,并与块状陶瓷材料进行了比较,分析表明钛酸铅系薄膜具有优良的热释电性能及可观的应用前景。 相似文献