Merger intimacy status in adult women.

Developed an intimacy interview and a rating system that allowed the reliable classification of 40 25–35 yr old women in 6 intimacy statuses. The interview/rating system included 2 new statuses: committed and uncommitted merger. The intimacy status interview and rating system, the Objective Measure of Ego-Identity Status (OMEIS), and 3 subscales from the Personality Research Form (PRF) were administered to Ss. It was predicted that merger Ss would score lower than Ss in other statuses on the Autonomy and Dominance and higher on the Succorance scales of the PRF. Results show that intimacy status was related to OMEIS scores. Most (7 of 9) committed merger Ss scored as identity diffuse or foreclosed. Nine uncommitted merger Ss scored as identity diffuse or moratorium. Ss in the moratorium category had strong religious involvement. Merger Ss had significantly higher scores on the Succorance scale of the PRF. Results are discussed in the context of childhood processes of attachment and separation. (11 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Information Technology Measurement and Testing Activities at NIST

Our high technology society continues to rely more and more upon sophisticated measurements, technical standards, and associated testing activities. This was true for the industrial society of the 20th century and remains true for the information society of the 21st century. Over the last half of the 20th century, information technology (IT) has been a powerful agent of change in almost every sector of the economy. The complexity and rapidly changing nature of IT have presented unique technical challenges to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and to the scientific measurement community in developing a sound measurement and testing infrastructure for IT. This measurement and testing infrastructure for the important non-physical and non-chemical properties associated with complex IT systems is still in an early stage of development. This paper explains key terms and concepts of IT metrology, briefly reviews the history of the National Bureau of Standards/National Institute of Standards and Technology (NBS/NIST) in the field of IT, and reviews NIST’s current capabilities and work in measurement and testing for IT. It concludes with a look at what is likely to occur in the field of IT over the next ten years and what metrology roles NIST is likely to play.     

Medication Adherence and Diabetes Control in Urban African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes.

In 181 urban African Americans with Type 2 diabetes, medication adherence was assessed using a measure designed specifically for an urban, impoverished sociodemographic population. Hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure and cholesterol levels, medication-related beliefs, and depression were assessed. Seventy-four percent of the sample reported adherence to diabetes medication. Adherence, adjusted for age, was associated with lower hemoglobin A1c. The specific behaviors associated with poorer diabetes control were forgetting to take medications and running out of medications. Knowledge of blood glucose goals differed for adherers and nonadherers. Blood pressure and cholesterol medication adherence rates were not associated with actual levels of blood pressure or lipids, respectively. These data suggest that specific medication-taking behaviors are important to diabetes control and constitute logical targets for interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

迷宫园

2011年西安世界园艺博览会以＂城市与自然和谐共存＂为主题,9个国际景观设计公司被邀请参与世园会小花园设计,玛莎·舒瓦茨合伙人事务所就是其中之一。这些小花园也将会作为该地区长远发展的遗产战略的一部分而被永久保留。该项目受西安世界园艺博览会组织委员会委托,他们明确指出,     

Explaining the Link Between Low Socioeconomic Status and Psychopathology: Testing Two Mechanisms of the Social Causation Hypothesis.

Two mechanisms of the hypothesized social causation of psychopathology--differential incidence and cumulative prevalence--were tested over 9 years in a nationally representative sample of 1,075 children and youths, ages 8-17 at Time 1 (1986). Analyses using parental responses on behavior checklists at 4 time points showed significant increases in clinical elevations for those of the lowest socioeconomic status (SES) on anxious/depressed, somatic complaints, thought problems, delinquent, and aggressive syndromes. This SES-linked differential incidence supports the social causation hypothesis that factors associated with SES contribute to variations in levels of psychological problems. SES-linked differential cumulative prevalence was found for withdrawn and somatic complaints; this finding indicates that low-SES cases do not improve as much as do middle- and high-SES cases, which results in greater accumulation of low-SES cases. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Stroop Dilution Revisited: Evidence for Domain-Specific, Limited-Capacity Processing.

Nine experiments show that in the context of Stroop dilution the extent to which flanking distractors are processed depends on the nature of the material at fixation. A Stroop effect is eliminated if a word or a nonword is colored and appears at fixation and the color word appears as a flanker. A Stroop effect is observed when the color carrier at fixation is from a different domain than the color word distractor (e.g., Arabic digits). It is argued that when the material at fixation is in the same domain as the color word distractor, the distractor is not processed. Taken together, these results implicate a role for material-specific, limited-capacity processing in the context of this variant of the Stroop paradigm. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Jack Botwinick (1923-2006).

This article presents an obituary for Jack Botwinick, a pioneering researcher and writer on the psychology of aging. Jack died February 12, 2006, in St. Louis, Missouri, after being diagnosed with inoperable lung and brain cancer in mid- December 2005. He is survived by his wife, Joan, three daughters, and four granddaughters, as well as the many colleagues and former students who benefited from his warm concern and valued advice. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Deeper into attachment and culture.

Replies to comments by 7 authors (see records 2001-18772-008, 2001-18772-009, 2001-18772-010, 2001-18772-011, and 2001-18772-012) in reference to the F. Rothbaum et al's original article (see record 2000-02781-001), which highlighted evidence of cultural variations in, and noted ways in which attachment theory is laden with Western values and meaning in comparisons of the US and Japan. Here, Rothbaum et al defend their central thesis and note areas of their agreement and disagreement with the aforementioned comments and criticisms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Cognitive and somatic aspects of depression among a rehabilitation sample: Reliability and validity of SCL-90—R research subscales.

Administered the SCL-90-R to 78 adult patients with chronic pain, 52 adult patients with spinal cord injury, and a control group of 145 college students. Estimates of internal consistency, represented by coefficient alpha, were .69 for the Somatic Depression subscales and .91 for the Cognitive Depression subscales. Data suggestive of construct validity included differential correlations of r?=?.78 between the experimental Cognitive Depression scale and the SCL-90-R Obsessive Compulsive scale, and r?=?.66 between the experimental Somatic Depression scale and the SCL-90-R Somatization scale. Similar evidence of divergent validity was not clearly demonstrated with the remaining SCL-90-R subscales. multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that previously found item response patterning was replicated with the chronic pain and spinal cord injured Ss. Refinement of the research subscales and implications for clinical use among medical/rehabilitation samples are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)