Medical image diagnosis of liver cancer by feedback GMDH-type neural network using knowledge base

A revised group method of data handling (GMDH)-type neural network algorithm using knowledge base for medical image diagnosis, is proposed and applied to medical image diagnosis of liver cancer. In this algorithm, the knowledge base for medical image diagnosis is used for organizing the neural network architecture for medical image diagnosis. Furthermore, the revised GMDH-type neural network algorithm has a feedback loop and can identify the characteristics of the medical images accurately using feedback loop calculations. It is shown that the revised GMDH-type neural network is accurate and a useful method for the medical image diagnosis of the liver cancer.     

High‐mobility self‐aligned top‐gate oxide TFT for high‐resolution AM‐OLED

High‐mobility and highly reliable self‐aligned top‐gate oxide thin‐film transistor (TFTs) were developed using the aluminum reaction method. Al diffusion to the oxide semiconductor and homogenization of the oxygen concentration in the depth direction after annealing were confirmed by laser‐assisted atom probe tomography. The high mobility of the top‐gate TFT with amorphous indium tin zinc oxide channel was demonstrated to be 32 cm²/V s. A 9.9‐in. diagonal qHD active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode (AM‐OLED) display was fabricated using a five‐mask backplane process to demonstrate an applicable solution for large‐sized and high‐resolution AM‐OLEDs.     

基于问题解决的建构体育层级教学理论与实践

建构主义者提出了诸多创新教学思路和设想,而基于问题解决来促进知识的建构,则是其中的一条核心思路。按照问题及其解决方式的不同,基于问题解决体育知识、技能的建构有3种基本途径,即巩固／熟练、深化／整合、建构,技能。针对建构体育教学的问题解决,层级教学这一思路的实践性以及学生主动参与,自我建构制订锻炼方案和计划,并进行自我检测与评价其锻炼效果,提出了一些观点和建议。     

Copolymerization and oligomerization by transition metal catalysts

Alternating copolymerization of diolefins and olefins is possible by controlling the coordination site and the coordination ability with alkylvanadium halide as catalyst prepared at extremely low temperature. Alternating structure of the isoprene-propylene copolymer is established by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and ozonolysis analysis and the alternating addition of isoprene at the 4,1-position and of propylene at the α,β-position is proposed. The model reaction indicates that the π-allylvanadium bond prefers propylene, whereas the ethylvanadium bond prefers butadiene. However, the selectivity is lowered with bulky α-olefins. Acetylene is also copolymerized with nickel catalyst to give random copolymers possessing active methylene groups available for drying oil. Controlling the amount and acidity of the protic component added to Ni⁰, cyclo-, or linear oligomers of butadiene and the 1,3-1,2 adduct of butadiene are prepared selectively. Also, the addition of amine or alcohol to butadiene is successful. The reaction occurs through a π-allyl nickel intermediate and the reaction is extended to π-allyl exchange reactions.     

Stiffness of molecular chain of synthetic rubber

The principal polarizabilities of rubber molecules including copolymers were evaluated by the arithmetic sum of the polarizabilities of the components. The mean polarizabilities thus calculated are in good accordance with those from the refractive indices. The anisotropic polarizabilities of polymeric units for several kinds of rubbers were calculated and compared with those estimated from stress-optical coefficients. Length or molecular weight of a statistical link thus estimated is used as a measure of stiffness of rubber molecules. There is a good accordance in statistical links between anisotropic and viscosity measurements in theta solvent. The molecular weight or length of a statistical link thus obtained is found to be compatible with the value calculated from end-to-end distance in theta solvent. The ultimate elongation of rubber is correlated with the stiffness and can be estimated from the measure of stiffness of the chain.     

Activity of volatile compounds in glandular trichomes ofLycopersicon species against two insect herbivores

Several major chemicals in the glandular heads of type VI trichomes ofLycopersicon species were identified and quantified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Two normal odd-chained ketones, 2-undecanone (47 ng) and 2-tridecanone (146 ng), and one unknown sesquiterpene (5 ng), comprised approximately 95% of the contents of a gland ofL.hirsutum f.glabratum Mull. In a closely related plant,L.hirsutum Humb. & Bonpl. (LA 361), two unknown insecticidal sesquiterpenes accounted for 6% of the gland contents. Additionally, small amounts of one unknown monoterpene and another unknown sesquiterpene were found in type VI glands of a commercial tomato variety,L.esculentum Mill. Bioassays comparing the gland exudate (by direct contact) and isooctane extracts of glands to neonate larvae ofKeiferia lycopersicella (Walsingham) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) andSpodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) indicated that: (1) 2-tridecanone and 2-undecanone were the major insecticidal compounds inL.hirsutum f.glabratum, (2) the two unknown sesquiterpenes inL.hirsutum were acutely toxic to both species, and (3) gland contents in the commercial tomato variety provided only a physical barrier toK.lycopersicella, and were not detrimental toS.exigua. In topical bioassay trials, synthetic mixtures of 2-tridecanone and 2-undecanone (3 1) demonstrated potentiation. Concentrations of these chemicals decreased as trichomes aged. Quantities of insecticidal chemicals and density of type VI trichomes varied with plant age and location within plants.     

Modeling and analysis of passive viscoelastic-legged rimless wheel that generates measurable period of double-limb support

Limit cycle walking including passive-dynamic walkers is generally modeled as a nonlinear hybrid dynamical system with state jumps. The inelastic collision model is usually derived on the assumption that the rear leg leaves the ground immediately after landing of the fore leg. This model is, however, inappropriate in the case of compliant-legged walkers. This paper then reconsiders the traditional collision model and discusses the conditions for transition to double-limb support (DLS) motion, which is not instantaneous through investigations of passive dynamic walking of a viscoelastic-legged rimless wheel. First, we experimentally confirm that measurable period of DLS motion emerges after landing of the fore leg, and develop the corresponding mathematical model. Second, we numerically analyze the fundamental properties of the generated passive-dynamic gaits. Furthermore, we discuss the conditions for transition to DLS motion and specify the computational procedures.     

Fabrication of hollow glass microspheres in the Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 system from metal alkoxides

Hollow glass microspheres (HGS) for laser fusion targets were fabricated in the system Na₂O-B₂O₃-SiO₂ from NaOCH₃, B(OCH₃)₃ and Si(OC₂H₅)₄. Gel powders prepared from metal alkoxides and urea liberate H₂O, CO₂ and NH₃ gases, evolution of which takes place completely at about 500° C. The precursor of HGS is formed by the encapsulation of these gas components in the glass layer formed at the surface of the powder. HGS are produced from the gel powders having both a melting temperature lower than about 1000° C and a viscosity at that temperature lower than 10⁵ P. In the Na₂O-B₂O₃-SiO₂ system, the compositions from which HGS are produced are those containing 55–75 wt% SiO₂ and 0–20 wt% B₂O₃. HGS ranging from 100–500m diameter and 0.5–7.0m wall thickness are obtained by change of urea content.     

快速计算电网可用输电能力的交流灵敏度方法

在电力市场环境下，可用输电能力(ATC)是反映输电设备可用于能量交易的剩余容量的重要指标。ATC一旦确定后，快速估计出系统参数变化对输电能力的影响具有很大的实际应用价值。文中首先基于连续潮流方法，考虑输电支路的过负荷约束、发电机有功及无功出力约束和节点电压约束，计算出ATC的值；然后推导出ATC对多种运行参数摄动的一阶灵敏度计算模型，运行参数包括节点负荷功率、发电节点端电压以及给定的能量交易，这些灵敏度系数能够很快地计算；最后，使用了IEEE30节点系统的算例来验证文中所提出的方法的有效性和快速性。