Maternal Acetate Supplementation Reverses Blood Pressure Increase in Male Offspring Induced by Exposure to Minocycline during Pregnancy and Lactation

Emerging evidence supports that hypertension can be programmed or reprogrammed by maternal nutrition. Maternal exposures during pregnancy, such as maternal nutrition or antibiotic use, could alter the offspring’s gut microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the major gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Acetate, the most dominant SCFA, has shown its antihypertensive effect. Limited information exists regarding whether maternal acetate supplementation can prevent maternal minocycline-induced hypertension in adult offspring. We exposed pregnant Sprague Dawley rats to normal diet (ND), minocycline (MI, 50 mg/kg/day), magnesium acetate (AC, 200 mmol/L in drinking water), and MI + AC from gestation to lactation period. At 12 weeks of age, four groups (n = 8/group) of male progeny were sacrificed. Maternal acetate supplementation protected adult offspring against minocycline-induced hypertension. Minocycline administration reduced plasma acetic acid level, which maternal acetate supplementation prevented. Additionally, acetate supplementation increased the protein level of SCFA receptor G protein-coupled receptor 41 in the offspring kidneys. Further, minocycline administration and acetate supplementation significantly altered gut microbiota composition. Maternal acetate supplementation protected minocycline-induced hypertension accompanying by the increases in genera Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, and Coprococcus. In sum, our results cast new light on targeting gut microbial metabolites as early interventions to prevent the development of hypertension, which could help alleviate the global burden of hypertension.     

原位红外光谱法研究PTT的结晶与构象关系

通过分析PTT的红外光谱随温度变化的情况,研究了PTT在等速升温过程中的结晶行为和分子链 构象的转变。发现随着温度上升,显示结晶的谱带略有增强,分子链中丙二醇单元的构象发生了转变:中间 的两个碳碳键由反式构象向旁式构象转变,同时两边的两个碳氧键由旁式构象转变为反式构象。     

基于BM和IBM的地下空区顶板安全厚度确定

针对似层矿开采的特点,以卡房分矿I-9采空区为工程实例,将地下空区顶板视为梁模型、改进梁模型,结合岩梁、结构力学和材料力学理论,以顶板岩层抗拉强度为控制条件,推导出地下空区不同跨度下顶板的安全厚度。研究结果表明：顶板安全厚度随空区跨度的增加而增大,近乎呈线性关系。低水平应力时随空区跨度增加对项板厚度整体影响都较小;当采空区跨度较小时,不同水平应力程度对顶板安全厚度的影响可忽略不计;当空区跨度达到一定程度时,对比梁模型计算的结果,随空区跨度的增加改进梁模型计算的顶板安全厚度增加幅度变大。     

Expression and purification of beefy meaty peptide in <Emphasis Type=Italic>Pichia pastoris</Emphasis>

We established a gene expression process to produce a flavor peptide in Pichia pastoris. The octapeptide Lys-Gly-Asp-Glu-Glu-Ser-Leu-Ala was isolated from beef digested by papain, known as “beefy meaty peptide” (BMP). It was considered a savory seasoning in previous literatures. To produce BMP by microorganisms, BMP expression structures encoding tandem repeats of the octapeptide were designed and cloned in E. coli DH5α, then integrated into the AOX1 gene of Pichia pastoris GS115. Clones containing different BMP-gene copies, with 4-copy, 8-copy, 12-copy and 16-copy, were obtained and expressed in Pichia pastoris GS115. For the ease of purification, 6×His tag was fused to the C-termini of the peptides. As a result, the fusion peptides were successfully purified by His-tag bind affinity resin. The BMP fusion peptides with expected sizes were secreted from the resulting strains of P. pastoris GS115.     

Temperature Dependence of Photoelectrical Properties of Single Selenium Nanowires

Influence of temperature on photoconductivity of single Se nanowires has been studied. Time response of photocurrent at both room temperature and low temperature suggests that the trap states play an important role in the photoelectrical process. Further investigations about light intensity dependence on photocurrent at different temperatures reveal that the trap states significantly affect the carrier generation and recombination. This work may be valuable for improving the device optoelectronic performances by understanding the photoelectrical properties.     

基于HMM的哈萨克语词性标注研究

词性标注在自然语言信息处理领域中扮演着重要角色,是句法分析、信息抽取、机器翻译等自然语言处理的基础,对于哈萨克语同样如此。在基于词典静态标注的基础上分析了隐马尔科夫模型HMM(H idden M arkovModel)模型参数的选取、数据平滑以及未登录词的处理方法,利用基于统计的方法对哈萨克语熟语料进行训练,然后用V iterb i算法实现词性标注。实验结果表明利用HMM进行词性标注的准确率有所提高。     

车载超短波电台维修检测系统的设计与实现

针对某新型车载超短波电台原理结构复杂、自检虚警率高、故障定位困难等问题,综合采用嵌入式技术、数据库软件、电路智能检测等技术,以车载超短波电台维修检测主机+模件测试夹具的架构构建硬件平台,研制开发车载超短波电台维修检测系统;该系统能够实现对车载超短波电台整机频率误差、输出功率、接收灵敏度等参数及电台内部模件性能指标的自动化测试,测试结果与标准特征值比对,实现电台整机技术状态评估和模件级故障定位,实现电台维修信息的实时存储与查询,从而解决陆军部队车载超短波电台维修检测手段不足、维修保障困难等实际问题。     

On minimizing end-to-end delay with optimal traffic partitioning

Multipath transport provides higher usable bandwidth for a session. It has also been shown to provide load balancing and error resilience for end-to-end multimedia sessions. Two key issues in the use of multiple paths are 1) how to minimize the end-to-end delay, which now includes the delay along the paths and the resequencing delay at the receiver, and 2) how to select paths. This paper presents an analytical framework for the optimal partitioning of real-time multimedia traffic that minimizes the total end-to-end delay. Specifically, it formulates optimal traffic partitioning as a constrained optimization problem using deterministic network calculus and derives its closed-form solution. Compared with previous work, the proposed scheme is simpler to implement and enforce. This analysis also greatly simplifies the solution to the path selection problem as compared to previous efforts. Analytical results show that for a given flow and a set of paths, a minimal subset can be chosen to achieve the minimum end-to-end delay with O(N) time, where N is the number of available paths. The selected path set is optimal in the sense that adding any rejected path to the set will only increase the end-to-end delay.     

网络状态感知的标识映射系统研究

可扩展性是当今路由系统面临的最主要的问题之一;学术界一致认为位置与标识分离的思想是解决路由可扩展性问题的最有效的方法;然而,在位置与标识分离的网络中,如何设计一个高效的映射服务系统仍是一个难题;文中提出了影响映射服务系统性能的三个主要因素,并基于对这三个主要因素的分析,提出了一个网络状态感知的标识映射系统NAMS; NAMS包含两个关键元素:网络感知Agent和服务节点;我们认为,NAMS是解决高效映射服务系统设计实现问题的有效途径.     

Optimal Block Design for Asynchronous Wake-Up Schedules and Its Applications in Multihop Wireless Networks

In this paper, we consider the problem of designing optimal asynchronous wake-up schedules to facilitate distributed power management and neighbor discovery in multihop wireless networks. We first formulate it as a block design problem and derive the fundamental trade-offs between wake-up latency and the average duty cycle of a node. After the theoretical foundation is laid, we then devise a neighbor discovery and schedule bookkeeping protocol that can operate on the optimal wake-up schedule derived. To demonstrate the usefulness of asynchronous wake-up, we investigate the efficiency of neighbor discovery and the application of on-demand power management, which overlays a desirable communication schedule over the wake-up schedule mandated by the asynchronous wake-up mechanism. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed asynchronous wake-up protocol has short discovery time which scales with the density of the network; it can accommodate various traffic characteristics and loads to achieve an energy savings that can be as high as 70 percent, while the packet delivery ratio is comparable to that without power management.