联合法提取金属镁的探讨

为了综合利用察尔汗盐湖的镁资源、西北丰富的电力和民和镁厂的物质技术基础,拟定以钾光卤石(或水氯镁石)及白云石为原料提取金属镁。生产方法的主要特点为,用钾光卤石(或水氯镁石)脱水与从白云石中用氯化镁法提取合成轻质氧化镁及其氯化联合生产无水氯化镁,再用传统的熔盐电解法制取金属镁(以下简称联合法)。该法不但可以充分运用和发挥我国多年积累的菱镁矿氯化生产无水氯化镁,用电解法制取金属镁的技术经验和优势;而且可将我国许多单位研究过的钾光卤石     

硬线轧后快冷对组织与性能的影响

本文研究了硬线绳1Aφ6.5mm线材轧后快冷工艺。利用轧后余热处理,使硬线降低相变温度,晶粒细化及索氏体化,通过金相组织分析,机械性能试验,结果表明,绳1Aφ6.5mm线材试验室数据完全达到理想要求,并超过名牌产品,为生产实践提供了可靠的依据。     

Ultrastructural investigation of intact orbital implant surfaces using atomic force microscopy

This study examined the surface nanostructures of three orbital implants: nonporous poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), porous aluminum oxide and porous polyethylene. The morphological characteristics of the orbital implants surfaces were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The AFM topography, phase shift and deflection images of the intact implant samples were obtained. The surface of the nonporous PMMA implant showed severe scratches and debris. The surface of the aluminum oxide implant showed a porous structure with varying densities and sizes. The PMMA implant showed nodule nanostructures, 215.56 ± 52.34 nm in size, and the aluminum oxide implant showed crystal structures, 730.22 ± 341.02 nm in size. The nonporous PMMA implant showed the lowest roughness compared with other implant biomaterials, followed by the porous aluminum oxide implant. The porous polyethylene implant showed the highest roughness and severe surface irregularities. Overall, the surface roughness of orbital implants might be associated with the rate of complications and cell adhesion. SCANNING 33: 211–221, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Stable microwave coaxial cavity plasma system at atmospheric pressure

We present a systematic study of the development of a novel atmospheric microwave plasma system for material processing in the pressure range up to 760 torr and the microwave input power up to 6 kW. Atmospheric microwave plasma was reliably produced and sustained by using a cylindrical resonator with the TM(011) cavity mode. The applicator and the microwave cavity, which is a cylindrical resonator, are carefully designed and optimized with the time dependent finite element Maxwell equation solver. The azimuthal apertures are placed at the maximum magnetic field positions between the cavity and the applicator to maximize the coupling efficiency into the microwave plasma at a resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. The system consists of a magnetron power supply, a circulator, a directional coupler, a three-stub tuner, a dummy load, a coaxial cavity, and a central cavity. Design and construction of the resonant structures and diagnostics of atmospheric plasma using optical experiments are discussed in various ranges of pressure and microwave input power for different types of gases.     

Effect of interlayer on structure and performance of anode-supported SOFC single cells

To lower the operating temperatures in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operations, anode-supported SOFC single cells with a single dip-coated interlayer were fabricated and the effect of the interlayer on the electrolyte structure and the electrical performance was investigated. For the preparation of SOFC single cells, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, NiO-YSZ anode, and 50% YSZ-50% strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (LSM) cathode were used. In order to characterize the cells, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were utilized and the gas (air) permeability measurements were conducted for gas tightness estimation. When the interlayer was inserted onto NiO-YSZ anode, the surface roughness of anode was diminished by about 40% and dense crack-free electrolytes were obtained. The electrical performance was enhanced remarkably and the maximum power density was 0.57W/cm(2) at 800 degrees C and 0.44W/cm(2) at 700 degrees C. On the other hand, the effect of interlayer on the gas tightness was negligible. The characterization study revealed that the enhancement in the electrical performance was mainly attributed to the increase of ion transmission area of anode/electrolyte interface and the increase of ionic conductivity of dense crack-free electrolyte layer.     

High resolution X-ray phase contrast synchrotron imaging of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerves

This study was performed to apply synchrotron radiation (SR) imaging to a neuropathologic evaluation technique after treatment of peripheral nerve blocks. A phase contrast synchrotron images of normal and ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve were obtained with an 8 KeV monochromatic beam and 20-mum thick CsI(TI) scintillation crystal. The visual image was magnified using a 20x microscope objective and captured using an analog CCD camera. Obtained images were compared with conventional light microscopic findings from the same nerve samples. By using an edge enhancement effect of phase const with SR, we could easily discriminate each nerve fiber and identify the arrangement of nerve fibers within a whole thickness (about 1 mm in diameter) of peripheral nerve without sectioning and fixation. The composite SR image of a ligation damaged rat sciatic nerve sample showed that the response to nerve injury was different on each side of the site of injury. The SR image of damaged distal lesion showed destruction of neural microarchitecture and typical extensive Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers as clearly as histologic image. We could get very detailed morphologic data for Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibers by using the SR imaging technique. We believe that the phase contrast synchrotron imaging has great potential as an imaging tool in the bioscience and medical science.     

Index-distributed planar microlenses for three-dimensional micro-optics fabricated by silver-sodium ion exchange in BGG35 substrates

Fabrication of planar microlens arrays by silver-sodium ion exchange is possible by using a new glass type, optimized for this technology. Because of its nonlinear diffusion response it is well suited to the fabrication of microlens arrays. We show that the diffusion coefficient can be described theoretically by an exponential concentration dependence. The parameters of the planar microlenses are measured interferometrically and by imaging experiments. Because of the specific index distribution, new evaluation techniques for the determination of lens parameters from interferometric measurements have been applied. We also present a simple model that relates the achievable lens parameters to the diffusion conditions.     

Experimental demonstration of an optical phased array antenna for laser space communications

The feasibility of an optical phased array antenna applicable for spaceborne laser communications was experimentally demonstrated. Heterodyne optical phase-locked loops provide for a defined phase relationship between the collimated output beams of three single-mode fibers. In the far field the beams interfere with a measured efficiency of 99%. The main lobe of the interference pattern can be moved by phase shifting the subaperture output beams. The setup permitted agile beam steering within an angular range of 1 mr and a response time of 0.7 ms. We propose an operational optical phased array antenna fed by seven lasers, featuring high transmit power and redundance.