Markov random field models for directional field and singularity extraction in fingerprint images

A Bayesian formulation is proposed for reliable and robust extraction of the directional field in fingerprint images using a class of spatially smooth priors. The spatial smoothness allows for robust directional field estimation in the presence of moderate noise levels. Parametric template models are suggested as candidate singularity models for singularity detection. The parametric models enable joint extraction of the directional field and the singularities in fingerprint impressions by dynamic updating of feature information. This allows for the detection of singularities that may have previously been missed, as well as better aligning the directional field around detected singularities. A criteria is presented for selecting an optimal block size to reduce the number of spurious singularity detections. The best rates of spurious detection and missed singularities given by the algorithm are 4.9% and 7.1%, respectively, based on the NIST 4 database.     

On the existence of PbBi3PO8: Its synthesis and crystal structure

The title compound crystallizes in the tetragonal system, a = 11.733(2) Å, c = 15.587(3) Å, I4 mm, Z = 10. Data were collected at the Argonne National Laboratory synchrotron source at λ = 0.15359 Å. Least squares refinement on F² converged to R1 = 0.039. The oxygen coordination polyhedra around Bi and Pb display the distortions typical of 6s² lone-pair atoms. One Bi is disordered. BiO bonds vary from 2.08(2) to 2.96(1) Å. One Pb is in cubic coordination to oxygen and the second Pb is bonded to six oxygen atoms that form a rectangular pyramid and a seventh oxygen is off one of the rectangular faces of the pyramid. PbO bonds vary from 2.303(6) to 2.804(17) Å. Of the two crystallographically independent P one is in a single tetrahedral coordination while the second is at the center of two disordered tetrahedra. Units of OM₄ tetrahedra, M = Bi/Pb, articulate into a three-dimensional framework by corner and edge sharing that is strengthened by corner sharing with PO₄ moieties.     

Reactive metallic layers produced on AlN, Si3N4 and SiC ceramics

The paper presents the results of studies on the joining of non-oxide ceramics with copper with the use of intermediary metallic layers. AlN ceramics was covered with Mo, Mn, FeSi, Ti intermediary layers, Si₃N₄ ceramics – with Cu, Mn, Ti layers, and SiC ceramics – with Cr, TiCu layers. Although the individual metallic layers were synthesized under different conditions, all the structures contained barrier layers formed during the synthesis process. With the AlN and Si₃N₄ ceramics, the barrier layer was composed of TiN, which was well wetted by the metallic and oxide phases. With the SiC ceramics, the role of the barrier layer was played by the Ti₃SiC₂ phase. The thickness of the barrier layers of both types (TiN, Ti₃SiC) was about 1 m. They were well wetted by the metallic solders, coherent with the ceramic surface, and, within the brazed multi-layer joints, they constituted a continuous microstructure.     

丝杆螺母副的摩擦学AICAD设计

提出用于丝杆螺母副摩擦学设计的人工神经网络、摩擦学知识规则和逻辑推理程序相结合的人工智能 CAD方法 ,利用摩擦学知识在 AICAD中的表示方法及逻辑归结演绎算法实现用户设计条件输入、摩擦学知识规则与人工神经网络的智能化集成 .结果表明 :研究开发的 SN AICAD系统是既能满足强度设计要求 ,又能满足摩擦磨损设计要求的真正意义上的实用的机械零件设计 .     

Mathematical modelling of three-phase electrode salt-bath furnace with the two-dimensional electric field

Contents After a short historical survey of the attempts to solve the problem of designing and determining the dimensions of a three-phase electrode salt-bath furnace, the authors apply the theory of the three-phase transmission line with uniformly distributed parameters to the phenomena in the electrode furnace. Taking all necessary boundary conditions and permissible simplifications, formulae for most widely sprcad types of the furnaces are derived, which allow the calculation of input admittance and input power of the furnace, as well as other important electric quantities.

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Ein mathematisches Modell des dreiphasigen Elektroden-Salzbadofens mit zweidimensionalem elektrischen Feld

Übersicht Nach einer kurzen historischen Übersicht der Versuche einen dreiphasigen Elektroden-Salzbadofen zu projektieren und seine Abmessungen zu berechnen, wenden die Verfasser die Theorie der dreiphasigen Übertragungsleitung mit gleichmäßig verteilten Parametern auf die Erscheinungen im Elektroden-Salzbad-Ofen an. Mit Hilfe notwendiger Randbedingungen und zulässigen Vernachlässigungen werden die Formeln für die am meisten verbeiteten Ofentypen hergeleitet, die die Berechnung der Eingangsadmittanz und der Anschlußleistung des Ofens wie auch andere wichtige elektrische Größen ermöglichen.

     

Translating N‐Glycan Analytical Applications into Clinical Strategies for Ovarian Cancer

Protein glycosylation, particularly N‐linked glycosylation, is a complex posttranslational modification (PTM), which plays an important role in protein folding and conformation, regulating protein stability and activity, cell–cell interaction, and cell signaling pathways. This review focuses on analytical techniques, primarily MS‐based techniques, to qualitatively and quantitatively assess N‐glycosylation while successfully characterizing compositional, structural, and linkage features with high specificity and sensitivity. The analytical techniques explored in this review include LC–ESI–MS/MS and MALDI time‐of‐flight MS (MALDI‐TOF‐MS), which have been used to analyze clinical samples, such as serum, plasma, ascites, and tissue. Targeting the aberrant N‐glycosylation patterns observed in MALDI–MS imaging (MSI) offers a platform to visualize N‐glycans in tissue‐specific regions. The studies on the intra‐patient (i.e., a comparison of tissue‐specific regions from the same patient) and inter‐patient (i.e., a comparison of tissue‐specific regions between different patients) variation of early‐ and late‐stage ovarian cancer (OC) patients identify specific N‐glycan differences that improve understanding of the tumor microenvironment and potentially improve therapeutic strategies for the clinic.     

Removal of Co, Cs, and Zr radioisotopes from aqueous solutions using cellulose iminodiacetic acid chelating cum cation-exchanger

The iminodiacetic acid group containing resin acts as a chelating ion exchanger as well as a weakly acidic cation exchanger, depending upon the species present in the solution. Iminodiacetic acid group has been incorporated onto cellulose by a modified Porath's method of functionalization of polysaccharides. The resin has been used for removal of ⁵⁸Co, ¹³⁴Cs, and ⁹⁵Zr radioisotopes from their separate aqueous solutions. ⁹⁵Zr as [Zr(OH)₂(H₂O)₄]⁸⁺ tetrameric species is adsorbed from the aqueous solution at low pH through cation exchange cum chelate formation. ⁵⁸Co as Co²⁺ is complexed with the resin. ¹³⁴Cs as Cs⁺ is exchanged with equivalent amount of H⁺ ions. Cs⁺ was eluted from resin using 0.3N HCl, Co²⁺ with 4N HCl and Zr(IV) with 5N HCl. Final disposal of the resin can be done by encapsulation in the cement concrete.     

Drawing of nylon-6 by the novel incremental drawing process

Multifilament nylon-6 fibers are drawn by the novel incremental drawing process as well as by the conventional drawing process. In this process the fibers are stretched in 36 stages along the surface of two corotating cones fitted on the incremental drawing machine. Fibers are obtained from each stage, and from their diameter measurements it is shown that they are stretched in a predicted manner. Mechanical properties, as measured by Instron and by a sonic modulus tester, show higher tenacity and modulus values for the incremental process than for the conventional one at equivalent draw ratios. Structural properties are analyzed by density measurements, wide angle X-ray diffraction and birefringence. These showed higher crystallinity and higher crystalline as well as amorphous orientation factors for the incremental process at equivalent draw ratios. The mechanical property results are explained on the basis of structural development during drawing. It has been shown that the incremental drawing process is a suitable technique for obtaining superior properties in fibers and has commercial potential.