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71.
Functional Enzyme Mimics for Oxidative Halogenation Reactions that Combat Biofilm Formation
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Karoline Herget Hajo Frerichs Felix Pfitzner Muhammad Nawaz Tahir Wolfgang Tremel 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(36)
Transition‐metal oxide nanoparticles and molecular coordination compounds are highlighted as functional mimics of halogenating enzymes. These enzymes are involved in halometabolite biosynthesis. Their activity is based upon the formation of hypohalous acids from halides and hydrogen peroxide or oxygen, which form bioactive secondary metabolites of microbial origin with strong antibacterial and antifungal activities in follow‐up reactions. Therefore, enzyme mimics and halogenating enzymes may be valuable tools to combat biofilm formation. Here, halogenating enzyme models are briefly described, enzyme mimics are classified according to their catalytic functions, and current knowledge about the settlement chemistry and adhesion of fouling organisms is summarized. Enzyme mimics with the highest potential are showcased. They may find application in antifouling coatings, indoor and outdoor paints, polymer membranes for water desalination, or in aquacultures, but also on surfaces for food packaging, door handles, hand rails, push buttons, keyboards, and other elements made of plastic where biofilms are present. The use of natural compounds, formed in situ with nontoxic and abundant metal oxide enzyme mimics, represents a novel and efficient “green” strategy to emulate and utilize a natural defense system for preventing bacterial colonization and biofilm growth. 相似文献
72.
Emanuelle Neiverth de Freitas Robson Carlos Alnoch Alex Graa Contato Karoline Maria V. Nogueira Eduardo Jos Crevelin Luiz Alberto Beraldo de Moraes Roberto Nascimento Silva Carlos Alberto Martínez Maria de Lourdes T. M. Polizeli 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(17)
Since laccase acts specifically in lignin, the major contributor to biomass recalcitrance, this biocatalyst represents an important alternative to the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, this study investigates the laccase pretreatment and climate change effects on the hydrolytic performance of Panicum maximum. Through a Trop-T-FACE system, P. maximum grew under current (Control (C)) and future climate conditions: elevated temperature (2 °C more than the ambient canopy temperature) combined with elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration(600 μmol mol−1), name as eT+eC. Pretreatment using a laccase-rich crude extract from Lentinus sajor caju was optimized through statistical strategies, resulting in an increase in the sugar yield of P. maximum biomass (up to 57%) comparing to non-treated biomass and enabling hydrolysis at higher solid loading, achieving up to 26 g L−1. These increments are related to lignin removal (up to 46%) and lignin hydrophilization catalyzed by laccase. Results from SEM, CLSM, FTIR, and GC-MS supported the laccase-catalyzed lignin removal. Moreover, laccase mitigates climate effects, and no significant differences in hydrolytic potential were found between C and eT+eC groups. This study shows that crude laccase pretreatment is a potential and sustainable method for biorefinery solutions and helped establish P. maximum as a promising energy crop. 相似文献
73.
Suellen Veloso Côrte Real Coutinho Ana Beatriz de Sousa Barros Janetty Jany Pereira Barros Ananda Karoline Calvacanti Albuquerque José Vinícius Melo Barreto Danilo Diniz Siqueira Andreas Ries Renate Maria Ramos Wellen 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2021,138(33):50807
The chemical modification of commodity polymers such as polyethylene (PE) is a versatile synthetic approach for preparing materials that cannot be manufactured cost-effectively using conventional polymerization techniques. Aiming to improve PE character low contents of dicumyl peroxide (DCP), from 0% to 1.5% was added as crosslinker to an industrial batch (PEs mixture and additives). From tensile testing crosslinking provided higher elastic modulus most due to the restrained microstructure where XPEs macromolecular chains are interconnected also providing lower strain at break. Crosslinking effects on the nonisothermal melt crystallization rate (Cmax) and degree of crystallinity (Xc) were evaluated; Cmax increased with the cooling rates, whereas Xc increased upon DCP addition. The melt crystallization kinetics were thoroughly investigated applying Pseudo-Avrami, Ozawa, and Mo models. Ozawa failed to describe the crystallization most due to ignore the secondary crystallization and spherulites impingement at the end of crystallization while Pseudo-Avrami and Mo provided quite good fits. The activation energy was computed using Arrhenius' approach, crosslinked compounds presented higher energy consumption, whereas exception was verified for 0.5XPE which displayed the lowest energy and overall the best mechanical performance this is the most proper compound for industrial applications, such as packaging, and disposables as well as general goods. 相似文献
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75.
Simioni Flávio José Jarenkow Gustavo Luis da Silva Karoline Fernandes Brutti Reginaldo Costa Coelho Junior Luiz Moreira 《Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy》2021,23(5):1443-1456
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - The use of forest biomass residues to generate electricity can contribute to the sustainability of the energy matrix, circularity in forest production... 相似文献
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77.
A Rapid Method for the Determination of Residual Solvents in Extracted Oils The content of petroleum solvents and trichloroethylene can be determined in extracted vegetable oils within 15 minutes, upto a limit of 0.01%, at an accuracy which is adequate for the practice. Air is blown through the sample of oil at room temperature and the escaping air current containing the solvent is passed through Dräger indicator tubes, such as hydrocarbon tube KW 2, or trichloroethylene tube 10/a. Length of the discoloured zone is directly proportional to solvent content of the oil. 相似文献
78.
Enrico Bernardo Paolo Colombo Ilaria CacciottiAlessandra Bianco Rossella BediniRaffaella Pecci Karoline PardunLaura Treccani Kurosch Rezwan 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2012,32(2):399-408
Wollastonite-hydroxyapatite ceramics have been successfully prepared by a novel method, corresponding to the thermal treatment in air of a silicone embedding micro- and nano-sized fillers. CaCO3 nano-sized particles, providing CaO upon decomposition, acted as “active” filler, whereas different commercially available or synthesised hydroxyapatite particles were used as “passive” filler. The homogeneous distribution of CaO, at a quasi-molecular level, favoured the reaction with silica derived from the polymer, at only 900 °C, preventing extensive decomposition of hydroxyapatite. Open-celled porous ceramics suitable for scaffolds for bone-tissue engineering applications were easily prepared from filler-containing silicone resin mixed with sacrificial PMMA microbeads as templates. The pore size (in the range of 80-400 μm) and the open porosity percentage (40-50%) were evaluated by means of micro-computerized tomographic analysis. A preliminary assessment of the biocompatibility and cell activity of the produced ceramics was performed successfully by in vitro tests using human osteoblast cells. 相似文献
79.
80.
Müller K Aabo S Birk T Mordhorst H Bjarnadóttir B Agersø Y 《Journal of food protection》2012,75(3):456-464
The spread of epidemically successful nontyphoidal Salmonella clones has been suggested as the most important cause of salmonellosis in industrialized countries. Factors leading to the emergence of success clones are largely unknown, but their ability to survive and grow after physical stress may contribute. During epidemiological studies, a mathematical model was developed that allowed estimation of a factor (q) accounting for the relative ability of Salmonella serovars with different antimicrobial resistances to survive in the food chain and cause human disease. Based on this q-factor, 26 Salmonella isolates were characterized as successful or nonsuccessful. We studied the survival and growth of stationary- and exponential-phase cells of these isolates after freezing for up to 336 days in minced meat. We also investigated survival and growth after dehydration at 10°C and 82% relative humidity (RH) and 25°C and 49% RH for 112 days. Stationary-phase cells were reduced by less than 1 log unit during 1 year of freezing, and growth was initiated with an average lag phase of 1.7 h. Survival was lower in exponentialphase cells, but lag phases tended to be shorter. High humidity and low temperature were less harmful to Salmonella than were low humidity and high temperature. Tolerance to adverse conditions was highest for Salmonella Infantis and one Salmonella Typhimurium U292 isolate and lowest for Salmonella Derby and one Salmonella Typhimurium DT170 isolate. Dehydration, in contrast to freezing, was differently tolerated by the Salmonella strains in this study, but tolerance to freezing and dehydration does not appear to contribute to the emergence of successful Salmonella clones. 相似文献