Examination of Relationship Between Mercury Rate with Zinc and Copper Changes in Muscle Tissue of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Otolithes Rubber</Emphasis> in Mahshahr Port—the Persian Gulf

The current study was conducted with the aim of examination of changes scope as well as correlation between mercury with zinc and copper in the muscle tissue of tigertooth croaker as one of the most consumed fish in the area (Mahshahr Port) and its comparison with available standards. The obtained results suggested that, total average concentration of Hg, Zn and Cu (mean ± SE) accumulated in the muscle tissue of tigertooth croaker (Otolithes rubber) are respectively equal to 1426 ± 113; 15999 ± 1045 and 2279 ± 94 (ngg^–1) in summer as well as 955 ± 91; 13172893 and 1678 ± 178 (ngg^–1) in winter. Comparison among accumulation rate of elements Hg, Cu and Zn in two seasons showed a significant correlation between two mentioned seasons for Zn and Hg. The correlation result indicates a positive significant relationship between zinc and copper and a descending significant relationship between Hg with Cu and Zn. Concentration of total mercury accumulated in the muscle tissue of tigertooth croaker (Otolithes rubber) within two seasons, summer and winter, are lower than standard limit (500 ngg^–1) defined by WHO while it is higher than standard limit (300 ngg^–1) estimated by USEPA. Due to high concentrations of Hg, the results can be a serious warning for consumption of this fish in Mahshahr region.     

油藏数值模拟自动历史拟合方法——以Nelson油田为例

针对北海中部Nelson油田,研究油藏数值模拟自动历史拟合方法。完整的油藏自动历史拟合工作流程包括选择要调整的油藏变量、选择参数调整方法、自动历史拟合、数据分析、组合最优结果得到最优的油藏模型集5个步骤。以净毛比、水平渗透率、垂直渗透率为调整参数,采用全局单变量法、区域多变量法、局部多变量法等3种油藏参数调整方法,并结合生产数据和时移地震数据,对Nelson油田进行自动历史拟合。结果表明,局部参数调整方法减少了模拟中模型的数目和计算时间,提高了模拟精度,使得油藏中油水产量拟合误差大大降低,在Nelson油田应用效果最好。全局单变量法适合于历史拟合参数相互独立的情况;对于井网密度大且井间关联性强、历史拟合参数相互影响的油藏,最好选用区域多变量法进行参数调整;对于油藏历史拟合参数相互影响但每个选定调整区域相互独立的油藏,局部多变量法更加适用。     

Mathematical modeling of crossflow microfiltration of diluted malt extract suspension by tubular ceramic membranes

The practical application of microfiltration in brewing industry is hindered by severe membrane fouling and subsequent permeate flux decline. A theoretical and experimental study on the effect of operating parameters, which influence the crossflow microfiltration of beer and beer quality was performed. A mathematical model is developed to better understanding of the fouling layer characteristics. The experiments were conducted for different ranges of pressures, temperatures and shear rates. An optimum transmembrane pressure of 1.1 bar is suggested to maximize both the steady state and average permeate fluxes. The results of numerical simulation were in a good accordance with the experimental data.     

MXene Free Standing Films: Unlocking the Impact of Flake Sizes in Microwave Resonant Structures in Humid Environments

Microwave communication devices necessitate elements with high electrical conductivity, a property which was traditionally found in metals (e.g., copper). However, in applications such as satellite communications, metals prevent the payload from achieving lightweight and flexible characteristics. Here, we demonstrate the development of MXene film microwave resonators, leveraging MXene's high electrical conductivity and unique mechanical properties. To investigate resonant performance in humid conditions and study the effects of MXene's processing and treatment, MXene films with different flake sizes are prepared and exposed to cyclic humidity. For the large- and small-flake Ti₃C₂ MXene films in cyclic humidity, the large-flake film demonstrates higher electrical conductivity, higher resonance quality factor (150 and 35 as unloaded, and loaded), and less fluctuation of performance (≈1.7% total shift in resonance frequency). Further, by implementing MXene films of two different diameters, the correlation between film size and resonant frequency is demonstrated. By introducing an active resonant configuration, the effect of MXene degradation and microwave losses can be compensated. This active feedback loop demonstrates a ≈300 times increase in the quality factor of MXene resonators. As a building block for terrestrial and satellite communication modules, MXene resonators potentiate the replacement of metals in achieving unique electrical and mechanical properties.