Characterization of nanometer-sized Pt-dendrite structures fabricated on insulator Al2O3 substrate by electron-beam-induced deposition

Nanometer-sized Pt-dendrite structures were fabricated on an insulator Al₂O₃ substrate using an electron-beam-induced deposition (EBID) process in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The as-fabricated structures were characterized using conventional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopies (CTEM and HRTEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The as-fabricated nanodendrites consisted of many nano-grains and amorphous state structures. The nanometer-sized grains were determined to be Pt crystals with face-centered cubic (fcc) structure. The formation of the nanodendrite structures are discussed to relate to a mechanism involving charge-up produced on surface of the substrate, movement of charges to and accumulation at the convex surface of the substrate and the tips of the deposits.     

Investigation for Necessity of Dispersivity and Tortuosity in the Dusty Gas Model for a Binary Gas System in Soil

Diffusion, dispersion, and advection are important processes in multi-gas systems in soils. To date, both Fick's model and the Dusty Gas (DG) model have been used to model the movement of gases in these systems. Dispersion is included in the dispersion-advection equation with Fick's Model for the movement of gases in gas-phase of soil, yet the movement of gases in multi-component gas-soil systems is considered to be expressed more accurately by the DG model than by Fick's model. However to date, no study has investigated the necessity of considering dispersion in the Dusty Gas (DG) model. We carried out column experiments for nitrogen-methane, nitrogen-carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide-methane binary gas systems in sandy soil, and also did simulations on the same systems using both Fick's model and the DG model. A comparison of the results of the column experiments with our simulations confirmed that there was no need to consider the dispersion in the advection-diffusion equations with the DG model when the velocity of gas was 0.05-0.4 cm/s in Toyoura sand. Furthermore, our experiments and simulations with the DG model showed that, rather than dispersion, tortuosity should be taken into account in application of the DG model to the above condition.     

Applying heat integration total site based pinch technology to a large industrial area in Japan to further improve performance of highly efficient process plants

“Area-wide pinch technology” which consists of R-curve analysis and Site Source Sink Profile (SSSP) analysis, was applied to Kashima industrial area, one of the biggest heavy chemical complexes in Japan. This case study demonstrates that despite the very high efficiency of the individual sites in the complex, there is a huge amount of energy saving potential through energy sharing among the various sites. In addition it was found that appropriate use of the available pinch technology tools and techniques allows an industrial area of enormous scale and complexity to be analysed conveniently. This has resulted in practical area-wide energy saving projects being proposed and implemented.     

微波活化法从甲烷合成乙烯

利用微波活化法从甲烷催化偶合合成了乙烯。在5% Pt/c Lot 86111催化剂情况下得到了3.65%甲烷转化率和近100%的乙烯选择性。同一催化剂在热反应条件下完全没有反应活性。     

High-Performance Induction Motor Drive System Using a PWM Inverter

A high-performance speed control system for cage induction motors is described which utilizes a PWM inverter. The effects of primary current coincidence and machine constant variation on system characteristics such as response time, torque precision, and operating noise were investigated. Based on the results obtained, new control methods have been devised; one varies the gain of the current controller in proportion to the primary frequency, and a second compensates for the slip frequency by using the deviation between the flux reference value and the actual value. Effectiveness of the compensation methods was confirmed in tests.