Synthesis and properties of lithium ion conductors Li3−2x(Sc1−xZrx)2(PO4)3

Lithium ion conductors, Li_3−2x(Sc_1−xZr_x)₂(PO₄)₃ (0 x 0.3), were prepared by a solid-state reaction. TG–DTA analysis indicated no phase transition in the samples with x superior to 0.05. X-ray powder diffraction analysis of these samples clearly showed the stabilization of a superionic conduction phase at room temperature with an orthorhombic system Pbcn. The highest conductivity was observed for the sample with x=0.05, and ascribed to the stabilization of the superionic conduction phase and the introduction of vacancies on the Li⁺ sites by substituting Zr⁴⁺ for Sc³.     

UV curable pressure‐sensitive adhesives for fabricating semiconductors. I. Development of easily peelable dicing tapes

In order to develop easily peelable dicing tapes from diced wafers, UV curing of various pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) was studied. After UV irradiation, the adhesive strength of a PSA composition including a diacrylourethane oligomer (UDA) decreased drastically compared with other compositions. Because of network formation via UV irradiation, this composition had a greater volume contraction that might yield microvoids at the interface between the adhesive and the wafer, resulting in the loose adhesion. Its storage modulus increased up to about 1000 times that before UV curing, which was due to the crosslinking of the UDA component. It was suggested that the increased crosslinking density and the high internal coagulant energy of the UDA backbone structure caused a remarkable decrease of the adhesive strength. Furthermore, it was ascertained that the UV‐irradiated UDA adhesives left few residual deposits on the wafer released from the tape. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 436–441, 2003     

Photo-control of the electronic states of Iron coordinated to photo-responsive polyaniline

Fe³⁺ doped polyaniline (PANI) films containing azobenzene derivatives in the side chain have been prepared. Photoisomerization of the azobenzene derivative in the PANI films was observed at room temperature. Furthermore, ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer measurements showed that the ligand-metal bond distance and the symmetry around the Fe³⁺ were influenced by the photoisomerization.     

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of (Co-Fe)-Al-O Thin Films

(Co-Fe)-Al-O soft magnetic thin films were fabricated by cosputtering Co-Fe alloy and Al₂O₃ ceramic targets using an inductively coupled RF (radio frequency) sputtering system. The microstructure and magnetic properties of various (Co-Fe)/(Al-O) thin-film compositions were systematically characterized. A specimen with the composition (Co₇₂Fe₁₇Al₁₁)-O exhibited excellent high-frequency magnetic properties, with a value >300 for the real part of the permeability and >2 GHz for the self-resonant frequency. High-resolution transmission electron images revealed nanometer-order Al₂O₃ amorphous phases separating the Co-Fe alloy nanograins. The excellent high-frequency magnetic properties were derived from the particular microstructure of these thin films.     

Transfer to fish of petroleum paraffins and organic sulfur compounds

Eels were maintained in a controlled laboratory environment in water with suspensions of crude oil. Gas chromatography of the eel flesh revealed the presence of paraffins and organic sulfur compounds whose concentration increased with rearing time.     

Flow field and heat transfer of a two‐dimensional impinging jet disturbed by an elastically suspended circular cylinder

The flow field around a circular cylinder elastically suspended with a cantilever‐type plate spring in the jet impingement region was visualized to investigate the mechanism of the impingement heat transfer. The impingement distance H was kept constant at 3 or 5 times as large as the jet slot width, h = 15 mm.The Reynolds number was fixed at 10,000, or 5000 in the case of flow visualization. The self‐induced periodic swing motion of the cylinder across the jet axis was caused by the interaction between the jet and the elastically suspended cylinder. It was found that this swing motion has direct effects on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the stagnation region. The ensemble‐averaged values of the flow velocity and its fluctuations depended on the cylinder diameter and the impingement distance. The local Nusselt number in the case of H/h = 3 with the oscillating cylinder of the smallest diameter D = 4 mm was increased to 1.15 times as large as that without the cylinder. The interesting patterns of the intermittency function defined with a certain threshold level of turbulence intensity were obtained under the above experimental conditions. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Heat Trans Asian Res, 30(4): 313–330, 2001     

Propane gas leak detection by infrared absorption using carbon infrared emitter and infrared camera

The present study investigated the ability of a system using a carbon infrared emitter (CIE) and an infrared (IR) camera to detect a combustible gas, propane. The CIE transmitted infrared at wavelengths ranging from 1 to 5 μm, and the infrared absorption band of propane gas (3.37 μm) was obtained using a bandpass filter to remove other infrared wavelengths. The intensity of infrared radiation passing through the propane gas decreased as a result of infrared absorption. A clear, real-time image of the gas leak was also obtained using this system. Furthermore, a hazard evaluation of the leakage propane gas was made from a correlation between infrared intensity and the concentration–pathlength product.