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51.
Masahiko Hayashi Kazuya Yoshimoto Naohito Hirata Kiyoshi Tanaka Nobuki Oguni Katsumasa Harada Akio Matsushita Yasuhiro Kawachi Hiroshi Sasaki 《Israel journal of chemistry》2001,41(4):241-246
Highly enantioselective addition of diketene to aldehydes was achieved by using novel Schiff base—titanium alkoxide complexes. Up to 92% ee of 5-hydroxy-3-oxoesters was obtained. This procedure provides an efficient method for the asymmetric synthesis of potential inhibitors of HMG coenzyme reductase. 相似文献
52.
Research and Development of the Coprecipitation Process for Lanthanum Germanate Oxyapatite
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Kiyoshi Kobayashi Shouta Kitajima Yukihito Igarashi Tohru Higuchi Yoshio Sakka 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2015,98(1):66-70
Although lanthanum germanate oxyapatite (La–Ge–O) has shown good potential for use as a solid electrolyte in energy storage applications, its synthesis has been challenging by either solid‐ or solution‐state methods. In this study, a new synthesis of La–Ge–O was developed through a coprecipitation technique, in which a highly concentrated homogeneous aqueous solution of La and Ge was prepared from aqueous ammonium germanate and lanthanum nitrate solutions with the addition of dilute nitric acid. Several precipitates were formed by pH manipulation, including an amorphous material obtained at pH > 3. Compared to the individual precipitation behaviors of the parent compounds, the amorphous precipitate was formed only from the aqueous two‐component mixture, and appeared to contain both metals. This material was transformed into crystalline mixtures upon heating at 1273 K. The crystalline phases were La2Ge3O9 and hexagonal‐type GeO2 when the precipitate was formed below pH 8, and the La–Ge–O and La2Ge2O7 phases when the precipitate was formed around pH 8. Product formation from the coprecipitate was discussed based on X‐ray diffraction and thermal analyses. The improved availability of La–Ge–O will allow more extensive investigations of its useful properties. 相似文献
53.
Kiyoshi Oguchi Kohei Sanui Naoya Ogata Yoichi Takahashi Tomihiro Nakada 《Polymer Engineering and Science》1989,29(6):353-358
Acetalized poly(vinyl alcohol)s which were synthesized from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and aldehyde or ketone were evaluated as electron beam (EB) resists, in order to investigate the relationship between EB sensitivity and chemical structures of the polymers. It was found that the acetalized PVAs were easily crosslinked by EB exposure. The main mechanism of crosslinking may be radical reaction at acetal group. The sensitivity of the acetalized PVA depended on the structure of the acetal group. Acetalized PVAs synthesized from benzaldehyde, in which the electron attracting group was substituted on the benzene ring and from linear aliphatic aldehyde having a long alkyl chain, had high sensitivity. A high sensitivity of 7.2 × 10−7 C/cm2 was attained when the acetalized PVA synthesized from p-chloro-benzaldehyde was used. Acetalized PVAs synthesized from PVA and aldehyde having a cyclic structure had an excellent dry etching durability and were suitable as negative EB resists. 相似文献
54.
Saka M Iijima K Nishida M Koma Y Hasegawa N Sato K Kato Y 《Shokuhin eiseigaku zasshi. Journal of the Food Hygienic Society of Japan》2008,49(3):160-167
The effects of processing and cooking on the levels of pesticide residues in soybean samples were investigated for 14 pesticides in pre-harvest samples. On soaking, the transfer ratios (%, total pesticide residue amount in product/that in soybean) of soaked soybean were greater than 60% for most of the pesticides investigated. The transfer ratio of soymilk ranged from 37% to 92%, and that of tofu ranged from 7% to 63%. The processing factor (Pf, the concentration (mg/kg) of pesticide in product/that in soybean) of tofu ranged from 0.026 to 0.28. These values varied among pesticides. There was a high correlation between the log P(ow) and the transfer ratio of tofu. The test described here should be useful to obtain the transfer ratios of pesticide residues in processing and/or cooking steps. 相似文献
55.
Kiyoshi Kawai Setsuko Takato Masako Ueda Nao Ohnishi Chotika Viriyarattanasak Kazuhito Kajiwara 《International Journal of Food Properties》2017,20(7):1500-1510
The effects of fatty acid, monoacylglycerol, and polyglycerol fatty acid ester with varying chain length in their acyl chains on the extent of complex formation (complex index) and in vitro enzymatic digestibility of gelatinized potato starch were investigated. The complex index increased with increase in the concentration of the ligands (fatty acid, monoacylglycerol, and polyglycerol fatty acid ester), with the plateau in the complex index value depending on the type of ligands. In comparison of complex index among fatty acid-samples, the complex index maximum increased as the chain length increased up to octanoic acid and then decreased. In comparison of complex index among fatty acid-, monoacylglycerol-, and polyglycerol fatty acid ester-samples at each acyl chain, the complex index maximum followed the order polyglycerol fatty acid ester > monoacylglycerol > fatty acid. Fatty acid, monoacylglycerol, and polyglycerol fatty acid ester with long acyl chains greatly reduced the enzymatic hydrolysis of starch. Polyglycerol fatty acid ester with palmitic acid chains was the strongest inhibitor of starch hydrolysis, suggesting that further complex formation may occur during the hydrolysis of gelatinized starch (enzyme-annealing). 相似文献
56.
Horii Y Ohtsuka N Minomo K Nojiri K Kannan K Lam PK Yamashita N 《Environmental science & technology》2011,45(17):7517-7524
Distribution, characteristics, and global inventory of dioxins (polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins [PCDDs] and dibenzofurans [PCDFs] and dioxin like polychlorinated biphenyls) in kaolin clays collected from 10 countries were investigated. Dioxins were found in all kaolin clay samples analyzed, at total concentrations ranging from 1.2 pg/g (Brazil) to 520,000 pg/g (USA). Dioxin concentrations in kaolin clays from a few countries (e.g., Brazil and UK) were lower than those reported for background soils in Japan. Dioxin profiles in kaolin clays were characterized by the domination of the congener octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), and the concentrations of other congeners decreased in the order of reduction in the levels of chlorination. Furthermore, specific distribution of congeners, with predominant proportions of 1,4,6,9-substituted PCDDs within each homologue group, was found in most clay samples. The ratios of concentrations of PCDD to PCDF and 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD to 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD indicated differences in the profiles found for anthropogenic sources (including pentachlorophenol) and kaolin clays. Concentrations of PCDD/Fs in kaolin clays, except for American ball clays, did not exceed the environmental criteria set by the Law Concerning Special Measures against Dioxins in Japan. Based on the average concentrations measured in our study, inventories of PCDD/Fs from the production/usage of ball clays on a global scale were estimated to be 650 kg/yr; the corresponding value on a TEQ basis is 2400 g-TEQ/yr. More than 480 kg of OCDD is estimated to be released annually from the production of kaolin clays worldwide, suggesting that kaolin clays can be a major contributor for additional source of dioxins, especially OCDD, in the environment. 相似文献
57.
Ko Ikeda Yoshinori Nakamura Kiyoshi Masumoto Hiromi Shima 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1997,80(10):2672-2676
Unpolarized optical spectra were measured in the wavelength range 322–1666 nm by the diffuse reflection technique from spinel powders synthesized in the system MgAl2 O4 –MgCr2 O4 . The spectra were interpreted by the crystal-field theory on the basis of trigonally distorted spinel octahedra with D3d symmetry. For chromium-rich solid solutions, including the MgCr2 O4 end-member, results after peak fittings showed octahedral D3d local symmetry around Cr3+ ions, identical to the crystallographic site symmetry. For chromium-poor solid solutions, however, octahedral C3v local symmetry was suggested around Cr3+ ions, different from the D3d crystallographically expected. 相似文献
58.
Masaaki Haneda Ohki Houshito Hiromitsu Takagi Kiyoshi Shinoda Yuunosuke Nakahara Kazumi Hiroe Tadahiro Fujitani Hideaki Hamada 《Topics in Catalysis》2009,52(13-20):1868-1872
The activity of Rh/CeO2 for NO reduction by C3H6 was gradually deceased by mixing with ZrO2 until 68 mol%. Rh supported on CeO2–ZrO2 with higher OSC was found to show lower catalytic activity. High OSC of CeO2–ZrO2 would probably stabilize the surface of Rh in oxidized state, resulting in low activity and low efficiency of C3H6 utilization for NO reduction. In situ FT-IR spectroscopy suggested that mononitrosyl species such as Rh(NO)δ? and Rh(NO)δ+ are reaction intermediates in the NO–C3H6–O2 reaction over Rh/CeO2–ZrO2 catalysts. 相似文献
59.
Yoshitoshi Saito Shigeo Hayashi Atsuo Yasumori Kiyoshi Okada 《Journal of Porous Materials》1996,3(4):233-239
This paper describes the effects of calcining conditions of kaolinite on pore structures of the porous materials obtained from the selective leaching of calcined kaolinite using KOH solution. Mesoporous -Al2O3 was the predominant crystalline phase in the samples calcined in the temperature range between 950°C and 1050°C for 24 h. The mean specific surface area of these samples was approximately 250 m2 · g–1 and the mean total pore volume was approximately 0.8 ml · g–1. The pore size distribution curves of these samples showed a sharp peak at around 2–3 nm pore radius. This peak was sharper for the sample calcined at 1000°C for 24 h. On the other hand, the pore sizes of the sample calcined at 1100°C for 24 h increased abruptly to 10–20 nm and this change corresponded to the formation of mullite in the sample. The pore sizes of the samples calcined at 1100°C varied with calcining time. The specific surface area and total pore volume decreased, the longer the calcining time of the samples, and this was correlated with an increase in the amount of mullite in the samples. 相似文献
60.
Tamotsu Tanaka Kouji Ikita Tetsuji Ashida Yoshiaki Motoyama Yasunori Yamaguchi Kiyoshi Satouchi 《Lipids》1996,31(11):1173-1178
The effects of growth temperature on the fatty acid compositions of the phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine
(PE), and total lipid (TL) fractions of the free-living nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans were investigated. A reduction in growth temperature from 25 to 15°C caused the proportions of eicosapentaenoic acid (20∶5n-3)
to increase from 23.6 to 32.5% in the PC, from 7.4 to 10.8% in the PE, and from 12.9 to 19.9% in the TL fractions. Conversely,
the levels of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20∶3n-6) and arachidonic acid (20∶4n-6) in these phospholipid fractions and the TL
fraction both decreased with decreasing growth temperature. Analysis of the positional distribution of fatty acids in the
PC fraction revealed that the change in the composition of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid was obvious in positionsn-2. Lowering the growth temperature induced an increase in the level of the diacyl subclass of PE from 58% at 25°C to 71%
at 15°C, with a concomitant decrease in the levels of the alkylacyl and alkenylacyl subclass of PE ofC. elegans. These changes observed in the phospholipids ofC. elegans might be one mechanism for adaptation to low temperature. Lipids 31, 1173–1178 (1996). 相似文献