试样薄化导致的Cu－Al贝氏体／马氏体组织变化

加热到１１７３Ｋ的Ｃｕ－２５ａｔ；％Ａｌ合金块状试样经７２３Ｋ６０Ｓ等温淬火后其组织由片状的“羽毛状贝氏体（９Ｒ结构）和β＿１＇马氏体（１８Ｒ结构）组成。当试样被离子束轰去进一步薄化后，在足够薄的区域内生成了许多２Ｈ结构的薄片马氏体。初步分析认为该薄片马氏体形成的原因是由于贝氏体生成时在试样内留下了高的应力场，当试样薄化到一临界厚度以下时，试样区的三维约束条件松弛使试样内的应力场触发了薄片马氏体的生成。这些薄片马氏体是通过位于贝氏体界面上位错的重新启动而长大的。     

Efficient geocasting with multi-target regions in mobile multi-hop wireless networks

Geocasting, a variation on the notion of multicasting, is a mechanism to deliver messages of interest to all nodes within a certain geographical target region. Although several geocasting protocols have already been proposed for multi-hop wireless networks, most of these algorithms consider a “single” target region only. Here, when more than one target regions need to receive the same geocast messages, multiple transmissions need to be initiated separately by the message source. This causes significant performance degradation due to redundant packet transmissions, and it becomes more severe as the number of target regions increase. To solve this problem, we propose a basic scheme and its variations which utilize the geometric concept of “Fermat point” to determine the optimal junction point among multiple geocast regions from the source node. Our simulation study using ns-2 shows that the proposed schemes can effectively reduce the overhead of message delivery while maintaining a high delivery ratio in mobile multi-hop wireless networks.     

Design of Parasitic Inductance Reduction in GaN Cascode FET for High‐Efficiency Operation

This paper presents a method of parasitic inductance reduction for high‐speed switching and high‐efficiency operation of a cascode structure with a low‐voltage enhancement‐mode silicon (Si) metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFET) and a high‐voltage depletion‐mode gallium nitride (GaN) field‐effect transistor (FET). The method is proposed to add a bonding wire interconnected between the source electrode of the Si MOSFET and the gate electrode of the GaN FET in a conventional cascode structure package to reduce the most critical inductance, which provides the major switching loss for a high switching speed and high efficiency. From the measured results of the proposed and conventional GaN cascode FETs, the rising and falling times of the proposed GaN cascode FET were up to 3.4% and 8.0% faster than those of the conventional GaN cascode FET, respectively, under measurement conditions of 30 V and 5 A. During the rising and falling times, the energy losses of the proposed GaN cascode FET were up to 0.3% and 6.7% lower than those of the conventional GaN cascode FET, respectively.     

Multiple feedback algorithm for RFID MAC protocols

This letter introduces a new tree-based anti-collision scheme using multiple feedbacks for uplink tag random access in a single-cell scenario. We examine MAC efficiency improvements that result from the proposed scheme in terms of uplink (UL) throughput for emerging radio frequency identification (RFID) networks, and compare it with the conventional tree based RFID MAC in ISO 18000-6 Type B standard.     

Intracranial Pressure Telemetry System Using Semicustom Integrated Circuits

A new generation of implantable, telemetric transmitters for intracranial pressure (ICP) measurements have been developed. A unique technique used in packaging the silicon piezoresistive pt essure transducer provides excellent long-term stability. Pulse code modulation is used for data transmission over a radio frequency (RF) link. To minimize the component count, two semicustom, bipolar integrated circuits are used. The transmitter electronics are housed inside a 29 ×20 ×7 mm titanium package along with the pressure transducer and two lithium batteries. Even though the transmitter consumes less than 0.4 mW of power, it is turned on remotely via RF signal transduction only on demand in order to extend the lifetime of the batteries to years. The pressure input of the transmitter has a dynamic range of ?100- +200 mmHg with a 0.3 mmHg resolution and a 1 mmHg accuracy. Long-term in vitro and in vivo pressure baseline stabilities of better than 1 and 2 mmHg per month, respectively, have been achieved.     

Functional evaluation of normal and pathologic knees during gait

The functional performance of the knee joints of 29 normal volunteers, 65 patients with degenerative joint disease and 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was studied according to clinical (historical, physical and roentgenographic) and biomechanical gait parameters. Temporal and distance gait factors (velocity, cadence and stride length) were significantly reduced in patients with diseased knees. Sagittal plane knee motion was markedly reduced, as was stance phase flexion, indicating poor tolerance of loading the flexed knee in the patient groups. There was no correlation between passive motion of the diseased knee and the amount of motion used during gait. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis generally showed more compromise of knee joint function than did patients with degenerative joint disease. Statistically, significant correlations between various clinical and biomechanical gait parameters suggest that the techniques used are an objective measurement of knee joint function and may be employed as a means of evaluating various treatment modalities for the diseased knee.