Co~(60)辐照交联聚氯乙烯性能的研究

本文详细讨论了影响Co~(60)辐照交联聚氯乙烯邵氏硬度、拉伸强度及医用化学性能的因素.发现,交联剂的种类、含量、辐照剂量、辐照后处理以及辐照前热历史对其性能都有着不同程度的影响;适当地控制这些因素,可以得到具有较大硬度变化和较高拉伸强度的材料.     

Role of Acetic Acid Added to the Reaction Media for the Enantio-differentiating Hydrogenation of Methyl Acetoacetate Over a Tartaric Acid-modified Nickel Catalyst

The role of acetic acid added to the reaction media for the enantio-differentiating hydrogenation of methyl acetoacetate over a (R,R)-tartaric acid-in-situ-modified nickel catalyst was studied from the viewpoint of the hydrogenation rate during repeated runs. The hydrogenation of methyl acetoacetate on the “enantio-differentiating sites” of a tartaric acid-modified nickel catalyst was specifically accelerated by the acetic acid added to the reaction media to increase the enantio-differentiating ability of the catalyst. In order to increase the enantio-differentiating ability, the addition of acetic acid to the reaction media was required in each run during the repeated use of the catalyst.     

10kV配电站计算机监控系统的电气设计

以某公司10 kV配电站设计为例,介绍了10 kV配电站计算机监控系统的选型、继电保护、操作电源的设计,以及测量回路、信号回路、控制回路、中央信号系统、计算机网络的设计方法和应具备的功能.实践证明,设计方案可行,运行稳定.     

Enantio-differentiating hydrogenation of prochiral ketones over modified nickel

This article reviews the enantio-differentiating hydrogenation of prochiral ketones over a asymmetrically modified catalyst, focusing on the hydrogenation of simple prochiral alkanones. The parameters affecting catalytic activity and enantiodifferentiating ability are considerable in number, and each parameter should be optimized in order to attain a highperformance enantio-differentiating catalyst. Optimization of the parameters and the mode of enantio-differentiation are discussed and compared with the enantio-differentiating hydrogenation of β-ketoesters.     

Plasma etching durability of poly(methyl methacrylate)

The decomposition of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), as a positive resist, in CF₄/O₂ plasma etching has been studied in the thin film state in order to clarify the factors influencing the dry etching durability of resists. It becomes clear that the major PMMA decomposition in CF₄/O₂ plasma etching proceeds by the mechanism of random chain scission because very small kinetic chain lengths are estimated from the gel permeation chromatography data. The Arrhenius plots for the plasma etching rate of PMMA bend above about the glass transition temperature (T_g), where rapid increase of the etching rate and remarkable pattern deformation are observed. Activation energy of the PMMA etching rate which is changed by oxygen concentration and rf power indicates various values from 3.1 to 6.5 kcal/mol below about T_g. The result of molecular weight variation in the cross section of the film suggests that the active species permeate into the film with fairly large speed and the PMMA decomposition occurs not only at the film surface but also at deep layer of the film.     

EVAPORATION FROM POROUS MEDIA: A CAPILLARY MODEL OF A PENETRATING FRONT

A capillary tube model was solved to investigate the influence of mass transfer coefficient, temperature, and front depth on the evaporation rate during the penetrating-front period of water-filled porous media dried in hot air. The results show that increasing the flow rate of the drying air is not so efficient as increasing the sample temperature. Due to attenuating diffusion rate, the rate of liquid front migration decreases with time. The calculations explain the falling rate period behavior of sandstone heated at 121°C. Trends depicted by the model may be useful for the design of heating conditions for drying processes.     

建筑环境与设备工程专业实验室建设探讨

以不增加仪器设备投资,又能满足本科生的实验教学、研究生和教师的科学研究需要为目的,探讨了将建筑环境与设备工程专业实验室建设成多功能实验室的必要性,以及建设要求和原则。通过一个待建成的多功能实验室分析了它的利与弊。     

Relation between crystal structure and lattice oxygen content of sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride

When reaction-bonded silicon nitride containing MgO/Y₂O₃ additives is sintered at three different temperatures to form sintered reaction-bonded silicon nitride (SRBSN), the thermal conductivity increases with sintering temperature. The β-Si₃N₄ (silicon nitride) crystals of SRBSN ceramics were synthesized and characterized to investigate the relation between the crystal structure and the lattice oxygen content. The hot-gas extraction measurement result and the crystal structure obtained using Rietveld analysis suggested that the unit cell size of the β-Si₃N₄ crystal increases with the decrease in the lattice oxygen content. This result is reasonable considering that the lattice oxygen with the smaller covalent radius substitutes nitrogen with the larger one in the β-Si₃N₄ crystals. The lattice oxygen content decreased with increasing sintering temperature which also correlated with increase in thermal conductivity. Moreover, it is noteworthy from the viewpoint that it may be possible to apply the lattice constant analysis for the nondestructive and simple measurement of the lattice oxygen content that deteriorates the thermal conductivity of the β-Si₃N₄ ceramics.     

负载换流逆变器驱动电励磁同步电机无速度传感器模型预测控制方法

负载换流逆变器(LCI)驱动电励磁同步电机控制系统广泛应用于中高压场合,在应对干扰和负载变化上,较大的系统惯性系数和较低的开关频率导致其动态响应性能欠佳.该文提出一种基于LCI驱动电励磁同步电机的无速度传感器模型预测控制方法.首先根据LCI的数学模型建立预测状态方程,同时给出合适的代价函数和约束条件;然后分析负载换相模式下的控制矢量模型,给出速度观测器的设计方法和参数选择依据,并针对负载变化对速度观测产生的影响进行分析和补偿.同时该观测器还能够同时实现逆变桥输入电压和端电压相位的观测;最后,通过3.75kW的LCI驱动电励磁同步电机实验平台对提出的无速度传感器模型预测控制方法进行实验验证.结果表明所提出的控制方法能够有效提升系统的动态响应性能,所设计的观测器具有可行性,速度观测结果在额定阶跃负载下误差小于13°.     

两面顶金刚石单晶耐热性分析

本文通过热失重（TGA），示差扫描量热（DSC）法，扫描电镜（SEM），热侵蚀等方法分析了国产两面顶压机合成的金刚石单晶在空气中的耐热性。还分析了热侵蚀后金刚石的形貌变化并进行了抗压强度，T1、TT1的测量，将国产金刚石与进口金刚石作了大量的对比试验，发现两者的耐热性非常接近。发现金刚石的起始氧化温度在700℃左右，此时开始失重；剧烈氧化温度在850％左右，此时失重最为严重。在加热温度超过1200℃时在DSC图中出现了第二个放热峰，表明金刚石在受热温度超过1200℃时经历了第二次剧烈氧化阶段。这可能是由于在高温下触媒的反催化作用引起的。这为金刚石工具制造者及使用者提供了参考价值。