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101.
A comparative electron-microscope study was made of the structural changes brought about in bovine longissimus dorsi muscle by 2-Hz and 60-Hz electrical stimulation. Apart from the frequency difference, the two treatments were identical: 500V AC, 600 pulses (2Hz × 300s and 60 Hz × 10 s), and a time of application of about 40 min post mortem. The low-frequency current produced no detectable tissue disruption or irregularity in sarcomere length, whereas the 60-Hz treatment caused widespread supercontraction and the formation of contraction nodes; many sarcomeres in the internodal zones were stretched or fractured. The observations confirm and extend those of our earlier light-microscope study, and support the view that fiber disruption contributes significantly to the tenderizing effect of high-voltage electrical stimulation. 相似文献
102.
Tomoshi Takahashi Michitomo Kato Yoritoshi Minamino Toshimi Yamane 《Journal of Materials Science》1987,22(9):3194-3202
The interdiffusion coefficients in the f c c phase of Cu-Zn-Sn alloys,
, have been determined at 1073 K. The concentration profiles indicate that the diffusion rate of tin is greater than that of zinc in the Cu-Zn-Sn alloy. The diffusion paths show the typical S-shaped curves. All of the four interdiffusion coefficients are positive and they are very sensitive to the solute concentration. The atomic mobilities of the three diffusing elements in Kirkendall planes increase in the order of Cu, Zn, Sn. The interaction energy of the Cu-Sn bond is much larger than that of the Zn-Sn bond. From the results of the present work it seems that the Onsager reciprocal relation holds in the a phase of the Cu-Zn-Sn system. 相似文献
103.
Yun Liu Mengxue Wang Yin Liang Chen Wang Keiji Naruse Ken Takahashi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
A thrombus in a coronary artery causes ischemia, which eventually leads to myocardial infarction (MI) if not removed. However, removal generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which causes ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury that damages the tissue and exacerbates the resulting MI. The mechanism of I/R injury is currently extensively understood. However, supplementation of exogenous antioxidants is ineffective against oxidative stress (OS). Enhancing the ability of endogenous antioxidants may be a more effective way to treat OS, and exosomes may play a role as targeted carriers. Exosomes are nanosized vesicles wrapped in biofilms which contain various complex RNAs and proteins. They are important intermediate carriers of intercellular communication and material exchange. In recent years, diagnosis and treatment with exosomes in cardiovascular diseases have gained considerable attention. Herein, we review the new findings of exosomes in the regulation of OS in coronary heart disease, discuss the possibility of exosomes as carriers for the targeted regulation of endogenous ROS generation, and compare the advantages of exosome therapy with those of stem-cell therapy. Finally, we explore several miRNAs found in exosomes against OS. 相似文献
104.
Natsuhiko Kuratomi Shinichi Takano Mitsuharu Fukasawa Shinya Maekawa Makoto Kadokura Hiroko Shindo Ei Takahashi Sumio Hirose Yoshimitsu Fukasawa Satoshi Kawakami Hiroshi Hayakawa Hitomi Takada Natsuko Nakakuki Ryoh Kato Tatsuya Yamaguchi Yasuhiro Nakayama Hiromichi Kawaida Hiroshi Kono Taisuke Inoue Tetsuo Kondo Daisuke Ichikawa Nobuyuki Enomoto 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
New biomarkers are needed to further stratify the risk of malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are expected to be stable biomarkers, they can vary owing to a lack of definite internal controls. To identify universal biomarkers for invasive IPMN, we performed miRNA sequencing using tumor-normal paired samples. A total of 19 resected tissues and 13 pancreatic juice samples from 32 IPMN patients were analyzed for miRNA expression by next-generation sequencing with a two-step normalization of miRNA sequence data. The miRNAs involved in IPMN associated with invasive carcinoma were identified from this tissue analysis and further verified with the pancreatic juice samples. From the tumor-normal paired tissue analysis of the expression levels of 2792 miRNAs, 20 upregulated and 17 downregulated miRNAs were identified. In IPMN associated with invasive carcinoma (INV), miR-10a-5p and miR-221-3p were upregulated and miR-148a-3p was downregulated when compared with noninvasive IPMN. When these findings were further validated with pancreatic juice samples, miR-10a-5p was found to be elevated in INV (p = 0.002). Therefore, three differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in tissues with INV, and the expression of miR-10a-5p was also elevated in pancreatic juice samples with INV. MiR-10a-5p is a promising additional biomarker for invasive IPMN. 相似文献
105.
Reaction rates in the Mg2Ni---H2 system are still unclear, although they are needed for the process/optimization of hydrogen storage reactors. In this article, the rates of hydrogen absorption and desorption of the magnesium nickel alloy were investigated at different pressures up to 2.0 MPa using a constant-temperature thermogravimetric method. The powder of the alloy was microencapsulated with copper to improve the alloy properties (such as cycling strength) as a pretreatment. In the experiments, weight changes of the smallest amount possible of samples were monitored with the help of an ultra-accurate thermobalance, in order to avoid changes of the sample temperature due to the heat of the reaction. The reaction curves obtained revealed unique dependence of temperature and pressure and influence of thermal hysterisis. It is also possible that hydrogen-absorption and-desorption rates of this hydrogen storage alloy are expressed by the rate equation of first-order reversible reaction. 相似文献
106.
A New Process to Make a Porous PTFE Structure from Aqueous PTFE Dispersion with the Help of Hydrogel
A novel method to make a porous material having relatively large cell diameter (200–300 m), which consisted of mainly poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), was developed from aqueous PTFE dispersion by using the characteristics of hydrogel with the addition of carbon nanofiber (CNF). The porous material was produced as follows: firstly, an aqueous agar gel containing PTFE and CNF was prepared; secondly, the gel was freeze-dried; thirdly, the dried gel was heat-treated at 400°C where the agar was almost decomposed and PTFE became molten. The porous material showed electric conductivity (about 50 ), high porosity (about 96 vol%), and relatively uniform cell structures without shrinkage during freeze drying and heat treatment. While the method without CNF resulted in large shrinkage during heat treatment, meaning that CNF prevented the shrinkage. It was explained by the idea that the existence of rigid CNF, which was dispersed in the cell wall, prohibited the shrinkage of PTFE during heat treatment. It was unexpectedly found by SEM analysis that the porous materials had another macro-porous structure inside the cell wall, suggesting that the developed materials had a double porous structure. 相似文献
107.
Toshio Kimura Toru Takahashi Toshihiko Tani Yasuyoshi Saito 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2004,87(8):1424-1429
Bi0.5 Na0.5 TiO3 (BNT) and 0.94Bi0.5 Na0.5 TiO3 ·0.06BaTiO3 (BNT–BT) bulk ceramics with extensive 〈100〉 texture were prepared by the reactive-templated grain growth method, using platelike Bi4 Ti3 O12 (BIT) particles as templates for BNT. Calcined compacts were composed of matrix grains with random orientation and 〈100〉-oriented grains transformed from aligned BIT particles, and the texture developed by the growth of oriented grains during sintering. Ceramics with extensive texture were obtained by using the starting mixture containing the maximum concentration of platelike BIT to form the maximum volume fraction of oriented grains. 相似文献
108.
Masahiro Takehara Ippei Yoshimura Kouichi Takizawa Ryonosuke Yoshida 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1972,49(3):157-161
Long chain N-acylglutamic acid was prepared in a high yield by a reaction of glutamic acid with fatty acid chloride in a mixed
solvent of water and a water miscible organic solvent such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran,t-butyl alcohol or cyclohexanone. In this reaction the composition of the mixed solvent influenced the yield of N-acylated
glutamic acid and the best yield was obtained when the reaction was carried out in the mixed solvent comprising 30–60% v/v
of the organic solvent. Long chain N-acylaspartic acid was also obtained in a high yield by the same method. As the other
method to obtain N-lauroyl-D L-glutamic acid, it was examined that N-acyl-α-aminoglutarodinitrile which was obtained by a reaction of α-aminoglutarodinitrile
with fatty acid chloride was hydrolyzed with an aqueous alkaline solution. The salts of long chain N-acylglutamic acid are
known as the surface active agents that react mildly on the human skin. 相似文献
109.
Tohru Shiga Takeshi Narita Kazuyuki Tachi Akane Okada Hideroh Takahashi Toshio Kurauchi 《Polymer Engineering and Science》1997,37(1):24-30
This paper describes a new nondestructive technique for detecting internal stresses in coatings using time resolved fluorescence. The measurement principle is based upon an experimental result that the decay time of fluorescence from poly(3-octylthiophene), P3OT, dispersed in uniaxially-stretched polymer films decreases with increasing tensile stress acting on the films. Internal stresses in the clear coat and in the base coat of a multilayer structure, which was composed of electrodeposited coat, surface coat, base coat, and clear coat, were estimated from the decay time of fluorescence from P3OT in both coats. The order of internal stresses in the clear coat and base coat of the multilayer system was 1 MPa. When the coatings were piled up, the internal stress decreased as the distance from a metal substrate was increased. It was found that moisture and temperature influenced internal stresses in the clear coat rather than in the base coat. Internal stress in the clear coat, which was one layer coated on a metal substrate, was measured by the traditional bimetallic method or by the time resolved fluorescence technique. Comparing both methods, it was concluded that the time resolved fluorescence technique gave reliable values for internal stresses in coatings. 相似文献
110.
The kinetics of the methanation of carbon dioxide was investigated using an alumina supported Ni-La2O2 catalyst in a differential and integral reactor. In the differential reactor the molar ratio of H2 to CO2 was varied from 0.6 to 30. In the integral reactor the rates were measured with up to 90% conversion. Both reactor tests were carried out at temperatures between 513 and 593 K. The experimental results were described by a Langmuir-Hinshelwood type equation. The kinetics can be explained by assuming equilibrium of dissociative carbon dioxide and hydrogen adsorption, and assuming hydrogenation of surface carbon as the rate determining step. 相似文献