DCS系统应用和调试中出现的问题

2004年9月,我公司1号窑生产线由原来的立筒预热器窑(280t/d)改造为五级旋风预分解窑(1200t/d),DCS集散控制系统是由北京和利时公司设计、调试,我们协助安装的。和利时MACSⅢ集散控制系统,共设有4个现场站完成对生料磨、煤磨、窑头、窑尾等设备的监控。同时完成窑的模拟量控制(M     

离子液体[BPy]BF_4双水相萃取芦丁的研究

建立了由亲水性离子液体四氟硼酸N-丁基吡啶[BPy]BF4和(NH4)2SO4形成的双水相体系萃取分离芦丁的新方法。研究了(NH4)2SO4浓度、芦丁溶液浓度、离子液体用量和溶液酸度对双水相形成和萃取率的影响。结果表明,当双水相体系组成为:(NH4)2SO41.5 g,2.0 mL离子液体,1.0~1.2 mL芦丁溶液,溶液酸度在pH4~6范围内,该离子液体双水相体系对芦丁有较高的萃取率(E%>90)。     

Elastic modulus measurements via laser-ultrasonic and knoop indentation techniques in thermally sprayed coatings

Nondestructive techniques for evaluating and characterizing coatings were extensively demanded by the thermal spray community; nonetheless, few results have been produced in practice due to difficulties in analyzing the complex structure of thermal spray coatings. Of particular interest is knowledge of the elastic modulus values and Poisson’s ratios, which are very important when seeking to understand and/or model the mechanical behavior or to develop life prediction models of thermal spray coatings used in various applications (e.g., wear, fatigue, and high temperatures). In the current study, two techniques, laser-ultrasonics and Knoop indentation, were used to determine the elastic modulus of thermal spray coatings. Laser-ultrasonics is a noncontact and nondestructive evaluation method that uses lasers to generate and detect ultrasound. Ultrasonic velocities in a material are directly related to its elastic modulus value. The Knoop indentation technique, which has been widely used as a method for determining elastic modulus values, was used to compare and validate the measurements of the laser-ultrasonic technique. The determination of elastic modulus values via the Knoop indentation technique is based on the measurement of elastic recovery of the dimensions of the Knoop indentation impression. The approach used in the current study was to focus on evaluating the elastic modulus of very uniform, dense, and near-isotropic titania and WC-Co thermal spray coatings using these two techniques. Four different coatings were evaluated: two titania coatings produced by air plasma spray (APS) and high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) and two types of WC-Co coatings, conventional and multimodal (nanostructured and microsized particles), deposited by HVOF. The original version of this article was published as part of the ASM Proceedings, Thermal Spray 2003: Advancing the Science and Applying the Technology, International Thermal Spray Conference (Orlando, FL), 5–8 May, 2003, Basil R. Marple and Christian Moreau, Eds., ASM International, 2003.     

固溶体催化剂在CO2加氢制甲醇反应中的应用

固溶体由于产生了固溶强化等性能的变化,使其较单一组分金属的热稳定性、结构性能等方面有着显著的提升,因此在催化剂中具有广阔的应用前景.针对固溶体催化剂在CO2加氢制甲醇反应中的应用,从固溶体的性质、制备方法等方面展开了综述,重点对反应机理和提高催化活性的措施进行了总结,对存在的问题进行了探讨.最后对固溶体催化剂在CO2加氢制甲醇领域的研究方向进行了展望,并认为固溶体催化剂有望为CO2资源化利用各类反应中催化剂的研发提供一种新范式.     

溶液共混法制备高强度淀粉基完全生物降解塑料薄膜

利用一步溶液共混法，将预糊化的淀粉糊与PvA溶液共混，用乙二醛进行交联，制备淀粉／聚乙烯醇（PVA）完全生物降解塑料薄膜。研究不同乙二醛和甘油的用量对薄膜性能的影响。薄膜的力学性能、热性能和微观形态表征表明，淀粉／PvA体系具有较好的相容性和较高的力学性能，薄膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别可达到28．52MPa和307．5％。     

改性片麻岩为催化剂合成有机羧酸酯的研究

以改性片麻岩为催化剂合成了醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、醋酸戊酯、醋酸庚酯、醋酸苄醇酯、己酸乙酯、氯乙酸异丙酯和丙烯酸 2 乙基 己醇酯 ,其收率都在 90 %以上。合成醋酸丁酯 ,催化剂重复使用 9次 ,其收率仍达 92 %～ 99% ;催化剂的寿命达 489h ,醋酸丁酯收率仍不低于 92 %。     

A Ten-Year Rule to guide the allocation of EU emission allowances

Member States in the European Union (EU) are responsible for National Allocation Plans governing the initial distribution of emission allowances in the CO₂ Emission Trading System, including rules governing allocations to installations that close and to new entrants. The European Commission has provided guidelines to discourage the use of allocation methodologies that provide incentives affecting firms’ compliance behavior, for example by rewarding one type of compliance investment over another. We find that the treatment of closures and new entrants by Member States is inconsistent with the general guidelines provided by the EU. We propose stronger EU guidance regarding closures and new entrants, a more precise compensation criterion on which to justify free allocations, and a Ten-Year Rule as a component of future EU policy that can guide a transition from current practice to an approach that places greater weight on efficiency.     

辽宁省城镇居民生活用水定额

本文分析了城镇居民生活用水的特点,介绍了辽宁省城镇居民生活用水定额制定的原则、方法。通过对全省县级以上城镇居民生活用水情况的调查,制定适合辽宁省实际情况的城镇居民生活用水定额。     

静止浅水环境中二维铅垂掺气射流的试验研究

对静止均匀浅水域中的铅垂掺气射流进行了试验研究。探讨了掺气浓度对水面最大隆起高度的影响；多种工况的研究成果表明水面隆起高度分布具有自相似性。并给出了统一的表达式；当掺气浓度小于30%时，最大隆起高度随着掺气量增加而增大，当大于30%时。其值基本趋于常数，借助于三维测速仪。得到了射流中心剖面的流场，与纯射流的流场对比表明：水气两相流具有减小射流涡量的作用。有趣地发现，在掺气射流中线性存在着正负相间的涡街。