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21.
KS Makarova IuI Vul'f IA Seledtsov VA Ratner 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,31(12):1614-1629
Transposons of gypsy group are assigned to LTR-containing retrotransposons present in the genomes of invertebrates, fungi, and plants. In this work, a theoretical analysis of the potential products of ORFs of these retrotranposons was conducted. Alignments were obtained and trees of similarity were constructed for domains of the POL region. On the basis of the obtained data, two hypothetically monophyletic subgroups of transposons were distinguished within the framework of the gypsy group, settling the genomes of taxonomically related organisms (the subgroup of "true" gypsy of insects and the subgroup of gypsy-like transposons of plants and fungi). A number of peculiarities of the topology of these trees hypothetically indicate cases of genetic conversion and recombination of domains accompanying the evolution of this group. The amino acid substitution fixation rate was evaluated on the basis of comparison of sequences of the protein products of ORFs. Estimates of the time of divergence of subgroups of gypsy-group transposons are significantly less than estimates of the times of divergence of their host species. One explanation for this discrepancy might be the hypothesis of settlement by transposons of the genomes of isolated host species. 相似文献
22.
PURPOSE: To compare admission data and academic performances of medical students younger and older than 25, and to qualify older students' experiences and perceptions in medical school. METHOD: The authors reviewed 1988-1991 data for applications to the McGill University Faculty of Medicine. Data included GPAs and MCAT scores, as well as ratings for reference letters, autobiographical statements, and interviews. For those same years, the authors measured students' academic performances in the preclinical and clinical years. The authors compared the data by students' age: "younger" students, aged 17 to 24; and "older" students, aged 25 and above. All enrolled students took the Derogatis Stress Profile, and the older students participated in focus groups. RESULTS: The older applicants had lower GPAs and MCAT scores, but higher interview and reference letter ratings. For older accepted students, basic science course scores were lower than those of younger students, but clinical scores did not differ significantly between the groups. The two groups had similar stress levels, although older students tested lower in driven behavior, relaxation potential, attitude posture, and hostility. In focus groups, the older students spoke of learning style differences, loss of social support, and loss of professional identity. CONCLUSION: Different scores in admission criteria suggest that McGill uses different standards to select older medical students. Older students admitted under different criteria, however, do just as well as do younger students by their clinical years. A broad-based study of admission criteria and outcomes for the older student population is warranted. 相似文献
23.
A. N. Bezdushnyi A. B. Zhizhchenko M. V. Kulagin V. A. Serebryakov 《Programming and Computer Software》2000,26(4):177-185
Problems of developing digital libraries are considered. An analysis of this class of distributed information systems is given.
The main effort is focused on the formalization of properties of the stored objects and operations, which makes it possible
to construct a formal model of digital libraries. This model can serve as a basis for designing development tools. Systems
based on this approach are called integrated information resource systems (IIRS). In particular, the information retrieval
system of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IIRS RAS) is based on these principles. The paper is organized as follows. First,
the aim of the paper is outlined. Then, the definition of a digital library is given (as it is understood by the authors),
basic concepts are discussed, and IIRS is considered as a digital library. The notion of the resource is introduced as the
basic object to be processed. Metadata and their role in the system of digital libraries are considered, as well as the role
of relationships and data organization. Then, the architecture and functional capabilities of IIRS are considered, and, in
particular, a metamodel of the system, data search, and the implementation of data distribution. The current implementation
of IIRS RAS is briefly outlined. 相似文献
24.
GM Roshchina EB Lishnevskaia IA Sizova VA Orlova IM Tereshin 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1980,25(11):850-854
The technique of accumulating preparation of the mucosa and "turned out sac" was used to show that levorin, a polyenic antibiotic in a concentration of 10(-6) M, lowered the transport rate and accumulation of glucose by the epithelial cells of the rat thin intestine under conditions of oxygenation. Suppression of the glucose transport in the first stages resulted in partial inhibition of the transmembrane transfer. It is suggested that levorin suppression of the glucose transport through the erythrocyte apical membrane in the thin intestine is associated with a decrease in the electrochemical gradient of Na+. 相似文献
25.
Under study was the efficacy of three schedules of dose fractionation in intracavitary gamma-therapy in cervical cancer patients treated on the machine "AGAT-B". Single doses were 1000, 700 and 500 rad, while total dosage at point A depending on the stage of the disease was within the range of 4000-5000 rad. The survival during the first, second and third years following termination of the radiotherapy was found to be identical for patients of all the groups under examination. No differences were noted in them also in the character of early radiation reactions on the part of the adjacent organs. The frequency and severity of late radiation injuries of the urinary bladder, rectum and vagina were related to the dose fractionation regimen. 相似文献
26.
IA Andriashvili RSh Adamiia LI Kvachadze TG Melitauri LG Pataridze 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1977,42(2):300-305
The composition of nitrous bases of phage FI-1 DNA was studied. As is evidenced from the values of buoyant density in CsCl (p=1,7093 g/cm(3)), melting temperature (T degrees m=86,05 degrees), spectral parameters and direct chromatographic determination, the DNA analysed contains 41,5 mole% pairs of guanine-cystosine. 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and other anomalous bases were not found. Chemical identification and jaxtposition of data of buoyant density in CsCl and Cs2SO4 (p=1,4466 g/cm(3)) and T degrees m. showed the presence of the extra-sugar component in DNA, most likely in the form of hentibiose. Spectral character of thermal denaturation of DNA in different solvents is indicative of the double helixity of its structure. DNA is characterized by enthalpies of conformational transitions "helix coil" (deltaH=12,3 kcal/g) and (deltaH=10 kcal/g) for the solvents, 1 x SSC, and 0,1 x SSC, correspondingly. The presence of extra-sugar in DNA with standard set of nitrous bases is discussed. 相似文献
27.
28.
自动指纹识别系统中指纹图像分割方法的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在研究和分析传统的指纹分割方法:方差法和方向图法的基础上,介绍了一种基于最大类间方差的指纹图像分割方法,并将它和方向图法合理结合,然后提出了一种新的基于方向图和最大类间方差的复合分割方法。该复合分割方法的优点是不仅具有良好的分割效果,而且该方法在运算速度上比传统方法更快,更适合于实时处理。 相似文献
29.
30.
为寻求制备性能良好的纳米厚度氮化硅(SiN_x)薄膜的方法,采用NH_3等离子体氮化、SiH_4/NH_3等离子增强化学淀积法及先氮化后淀积的方法制备了三种SiN_x薄膜,研究比较了三种薄膜的性质。用X射线光电子谱检测了NH_3等离子体氮化Si片得到的SiN_x薄膜的组分,利用椭圆偏振光谱仪测量薄膜厚度,估算了氮化速率。用NH_3和SiH_4作为反应气,分别在原始硅片和经过NH_3预氮化后的硅片上淀积厚度为5 nm、10 nm和50 nm的SiN_x薄膜。用电容-电压法研究了薄膜样品的电学性质,发现单纯用NH_3等离子体氮化的薄膜不适合做介质膜,而先用NH_3氮化再淀积SiN_x的样品比直接淀积SiN_x的样品界面性能明显改善,界面态密度降低到1~2×10~(11)eV~(-1) cm~(-2)。 相似文献