Modulation on the electrical and optical properties of Na and Rh co-doped Ruddlesden-Popper layered Ca3Ti2O7

Layered perovskite Ca_2.91Na_0.09Ti_2-xRh_xO₇ (x?=?0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction. Room temperature ferroelectricity has been confirmed. The remanent polarization increases with an increase of Rh content, which is due to a larger oxygen octahedral distortion by Rh doping. The coercive field increases with Rh doping as the pinning effect of oxygen vacancies reduce the mobility of domain wall. Remanent polarization and coercive field are caused by different mechanisms, so it is possible to modulate them independently to meet the requirement of application in ferroelectric field. The concentration of oxygen vacancy increased with Rh doping, leading to the significant increase of leakage current density. The bandgap of samples doped with Rh drastically decrease and the visible light response of the sample was improved by Rh doping due to the formation of impurity energy levels within the band gap.

     

Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration on Material Flow and Thermal Cycles in Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Al/Mg Alloys

Comparative experiments are performed in friction stir welding (FSW) of dissimilar Al/Mg alloys with and without assistance of ultrasonic vibration. Metallographic characterization of the welds at transverse cross sections reveals that ultrasonic vibration induces differences in plastic material flow in two conditions. In FSW, the plastic material in the peripheral area of shoulder-affected zone (SAZ) tends to flow downward because of the weakening of the driving force of the shoulder, and a plastic material insulation layer is formed at the SAZ edge. When ultrasonic vibration is exerted, the stirred zone is divided into the inner and outer shear layers, the downward material flow trend of the inner shear layer disappears and tends to flow upward, and the onion-ring structure caused by the swirl motion is avoided in the pin-affected zone. By improving the flow behavior of plastic materials in the stirred zone, ultrasonic vibration reduces the heat generation, accelerates the heat dissipation in nugget zone and changes the thermal cycles, thus inhibiting the formation of intermetallic compound layers.

     

Mold-filling characteristics of AZ91 magnesium alloy in the low-pressure expendable pattern casting process

The magnesium (Mg) alloy low-pressure expendable pattern casting (EPC) process is a newly developed casting technique combining the advantages of both EPC and low-pressure casting. In this article, metal filling and the effect of the flow quantity of inert gas on the filling rate in the low-pressure EPC process are investigated. The results showed that the molten Mg alloy filled the mold cavity with a convex front laminar flow and the metal-filling rate increased significantly with increasing flow quantity when flow quantity was below a critical value. However, once the flow quantity exceeded a critical value, the filling rate increased slightly. The influence of the flow quantity of inert gas on melt-filling rate reveals that the mold fill is controlled by flow quantity for a lower filling rate, and, subsequently, controlled by the evaporation of polystyrene and the evaporation products for higher metal velocity. Meanwhile, the experimental results showed that the melt-filling rate significantly affected the flow profile, and the filling procedure for the Mg alloy in the low-pressure EPC process. A slower melt-filling rate could lead to misrun defects, whereas a higher filling rate results in folds, blisters, and porosity. The optimized filling rate with Mg alloy casting is 140 to 170 mm/s in low-pressure EPC.     

"SINGLE GRAIN" OSCILLATING CRYSTAL METHOD FOR ULTRAMICROANALYSIS BY X-RAY

采用“单颗”回摆法,在普通的德拜相机中,对重量只有0.003μg的超微量物质进行X射线相分析。 对方法的原理、衍射角的测量及计算、衍射斑点的数目、各个斑点的相对强度与ASTM卡片上同一物质各线条的相对强度间的关系等问题,进行了详细的分析和讨论。 举例说阴这种方法在鉴定稀土夹杂物上的应用,并验证所推导的公式的正确性。     

Analysis of the central cavity of axisymmetric forward extrusion by the upper bound approach

In this paper, the use of a kinematically admissible velocity field to predict the presence of a central cavity in the final stage of axisymmetric forward extrusion is advanced, in accordance with the results of Moire experiments. On the basis of the velocity field, the critical condition for central cavity formation is obtained by the upper bound approach. Furthermore, the quantitative relationships between central cavity formation and process parameters (reduction in area, frictional factors on the ram and chamber wall, relative residual thickness of the of the billet) are studied. The results show that (1) the critical relative residual thickness of the billet used for the central cavity formation is affected primarily by the reduction in area and the frictional factors on the ram, and slightly by the frictional factor on the chamber wall; (2) the relative dimensions of the central cavity increase with a decrease in the relative residual thickness of the billet; (3) the growth rate of the central cavity decreases with an increase in the frictional factors on the ram, but is affected by the frictional factors on the chamber wall only slightly. Good correlation is found between the analytical and experimental results.     

几种重氮氨基类新显色剂的合成及其与镉（Ⅱ）显色反应的研究

3种重氮氨基类新显色剂的合成及其与镉(Ⅱ)的显色反应。在表面活性剂 Triton X-100存在下,3种试剂均与镉(Ⅱ)生成络合比为3:1的红色络合物。其表观摩尔吸光系数在1.80×10~5以上。镉量在0～12μg/25mL 符合比尔定律。并对3种试剂的性能与结构的关系作了比较。将其中一种试剂(BPDAA)用于废水中痕量镉的测定,结果满意。     

Insights into the intrinsic interaction between series of C1 molecules and surface of NiO oxygen carriers involved in chemical looping processes

Understanding and modulating the interaction between various reactive molecules and oxygen carriers are the key issue to achieve process intensification of chemical looping technology. C1 chemical molecules play an important role in many reactions involved with chemical looping processes. However, up to now, there is still a lack of systematic and in-depth understanding of the adsorption mechanism of C1 molecules on the surface of oxygen carriers (OCs). In this work, the intrinsic interaction between a series of C1 molecules composed of CH₄, CO, CO₂, CH₃OH, HCHO and HCOOH and surface of NiO OCs in the chemical looping process have been studied using density functional theory calculations. Various adsorption configurations of C1 molecules and also different adsorption sites of NiO have been considered. The structural features of stable configuration of C1 molecules on the surface of NiO OCs have been obtained. Further, the interacted sites, types and strengths of C1 molecules on the surface of NiO have been directly pictured by the independent gradient model methods. Also, the nature of the interaction between C1 molecule and NiO surface has been investigated with the aid of energy decomposition analysis from a quantitative view.     

玻璃纤维毡增强热塑性复合片材的研制和应用

本文简要介绍了玻璃纤维毡增强聚丙烯片材的研制，性能和应用。     

打火机专用SAN树脂工业化开发生产

介绍了15kt/a本体苯乙烯－丙烯腈（SAN)装置试生产打火机专用SAN树脂的生产情况，确定了主要工艺配方及参数：进料组成为乙苯浓度为6％－11％、丙烯腈浓度为30％－42％，聚合温度130－145℃、压力0．40－0．46MPa，搅拌转速60－90r/min，脱挥温度215－250℃、压力小于等于4kPa；并对影响打火机志用SAN树脂性能的主要工艺条件及因素进行了讨论。结果表明，聚合温度、结合丙烯腈含量、熔体流动指数、转化率是影响打火机专用SAN树脂生产工艺及产品性能的主要因素。     

细胞激动素Kinetin合成的改进

介绍了用糠胺与腺嘌呤在催化条件下反应合成细胞激动素kinetin,该法原料易得,反应条件温和,产品收率及纯度都较高。