The development of frames of references

Measurement of the effectiveness of science policies is analyzed as a multi-level problem. Journal-journal citations are discussed as a potential candidate for a domain beyond the control of policy-makers and authors or research groups and therefore may function as a relatively stable and easily accessible baseline for the calibration of outputs and outcomes of science policy. A method is developed, usingSCPsJCRs which is then applied to the two cases of water pollution and humanisation of labor. This method can also be used as a simple indicator for the development of journal-journal citation patterns over time.     

On the 80/20 rule

In a recent paper¹ Burrell shows that libraries with lower average borrowings tend to require a larger proportion of their collections to account for 80% of the borrowings, than those with higher average borrowings. In that study, the underlying frequency distribution was a negative binomial. We are dealing with a case when the underlying distribution is of Lotka type. It is also shown that the 80/20-effect is much stronger in this case.     

Numerical and experimental study of a nonisothermal turbulent jet with a heavy impurity

Temperature and momentum distributions of the carrier phase are determined experimentally and compared to results of numerical calculations using the (k–) model.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 50, No. 5, pp. 735–743, May, 1986.