冲击式水电机组流量与效率在线监测的探讨

鉴于冲击水轮机结构上的特殊性，其流量，效率的在线监测目前在国内的实际应用方面还是项空白，本文针对冲击式机级珠具体情况，探讨了基于差理论的监测途径，在此基础上的结合一个冲击式电站的实例，设计出了利用单片机来实现的方案。     

新型玻璃清洗剂的研制

开发一种新型玻璃清洗剂,讨论其制备方法,并对其性能进行了测试.这种清洗剂可在玻璃上形成一层易于剥离的薄膜,具有清洁性能好,易剥离,使用方便等优点.     

A NIR luminescent copolymer based on platinum porphyrin as high permeable dissolved oxygen sensor for microbioreactors

Microbioreactors with multioptical sensors have become increasingly important because of their small working volumes, high degree of parallelization and the available robotics. A novel hydrophobic luminescent copolymer P(Pt‐TPP‐TFEMA) along with reference P(Pt‐TPP‐EMA) containing the pendant group of 5,10,15,20‐tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) moiety as low‐cost dissolved oxygen (DO) chemosensor film for high‐throughput microbioreactors is designed. Its sensor film exhibits fast response to DO with good stability and fatigue resistance, being capable of applying as a low‐cost DO indicator for high‐throughput bioprocess measurement. Results show that the quenching response of DO increases with the enhancement in the copolymeric hydrophobicity using the presented hybrid fluorinated ethyl methacrylate. Furthermore, the long emission band at 650 nm of chromophore TPP with large Stoke's shift about 250 nm brings several advantages, such as low scattering, deep penetration, and minimal interferences of absorption and fluorescence from the fermentation system, which shows high‐promising application in bioprocess monitoring. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 2743–2752, 2013     

天然多孔灯心草对柴油和机油的吸附实验研究

研究了天然多孔介质材料灯心草对水中柴油、机油吸附性能，结果表明：天然多孔介质材料灯心草对水中悬浮油的静态吸附在室温下饱和吸附倍率分别为27．04和18．13；多孔灯心草在适宜的填充密度下，对油相动态吸油率为86％和88％。     

对氯乙基氯苯的合成

以氯苯和氯乙酰氯为起始原料,经傅-克酰基化和Wolff-Kishner-黄呜龙两步反应合成对氯乙基氯苯。通过正交实验考察了原料配比、反应时间等因素与对氯乙酰基氯苯和对氯乙基氯苯收率的关系。结果表明;氯乙酰氯、无水AlCls与氯苯的配比在1：1．2：4（物质的量比）时,反应时间2h,对氯乙酰基氯苯的收率可达84％。在第二步反应中,在120℃下对氯乙酰基氯苯与85％水合肼的投料比为1：7（物质的量比）时,反应2h,对氯乙基氯苯的收率达到90．3％。     

液相色谱和液质联用技术在水产品安全检测中的应用

介绍了近年来高效液相色谱和色质联用技术在水产品安全检测中的应用进展。本文介绍了高效液相色谱和液质联用技术(LC-MS)的特点,及其在水产品中渔药、抗生素及赤潮藻毒素类有毒有害物质残留分析中的应用。     

N-羟甲基丙烯酰的合成研究

以有机溶剂法合成N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺,通过正交实验确定了最佳反应条件为：以B酯为溶剂,在pH=9.5,温度为45℃,配料比为：丙烯酰胺：甲醛=1：1.03（mol）,反应2h即可得到含量＞97%,得率＞98%的产品.同时讨论了溶剂、pH、配料比对产品含量的影响.     

4′-甲基2腈基联苯的合成

以邻氨基苯甲酸为起始原料,经重氮化、芳基化、取代和脱水等步骤合成药物中间体4′-甲基-2-腈基联苯.通过正交实验得到芳基化反应较佳条件为:10mol/L氢氧化钠15mL,甲苯30mL,反应温度5℃,反应时间5h,产物4′-甲基-2-联苯羧酸的产率为59.4%. 考察了脱水剂种类,脱水反应较佳的实验条件为氯化亚砜15mL,4′-甲基-2-联苯酰胺2.6g,反应8h,产物4′-甲基-2-腈基联苯的产率为67.7%.     

Metal chelates as synergistic flame retardants for flexible PVC

The thermal degradation of flexible PVC treated with various metal chelates containing Cr, Al, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, or Zn combined with two compounds, Al(OH)₃ and Mg(OH)₂, was studied by thermal analysis. Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI), Smoke Density Rating (SDR), and mechanical properties were investigated. The structure of the char formed after combustion of the PVC compounds was observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The high LOI and char yield of flexible PVC treated with flame retardants showed that there was a good synergistic effect between Al(OH)₃, Mg(OH)₂, and metal chelates. J. VINYL. ADDIT. TECHNOL., 11:70–75, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers.