浅谈网络安全技术在政府部门的应用

信息化时代要求信息公开和透明,这就对信息安全的管理提出了更高的要求。信息公开的安全性成为当今社会亟待解决的一大难题,网络安全的建设势在必行。为了更好地监督政府的工作就要进行信息公开,在政府信息公开的过程中一定要保证网络运行的安全。     

Performance analysis on Lv distribution and its applications

A new signal analysis method, known as Lv distribution (LVD), has been reported recently to provide improved estimation accuracy of centroid frequency and chirp rate. In this paper, performances of the LVD on signal concentration, detection, representation errors and computational complexity are discussed and compared with polynomial Fourier transform (PFT) and fractional Fourier transform (FrFT). Based on the results of our theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulations, it is shown that the LVD achieves desirable performance improvement compared with those achieved by other methods. By using the accurate estimation of chirp rate provided by the LVD, the performance of local polynomial periodogram (LPP) is investigated. Comparisons with other time–frequency representations, such as the inverse LVD (ILVD) and the PFT-based LPP, are made on signal concentration in the time–frequency domain.     

A novel sequential watermark detection model for efficient traceback of secret network attack flows

Network watermarking schemes have been proposed to trace secret network attack flows transferred through stepping stones as well as anonymous channels. However, most existing network flow watermark detection techniques focus on a fixed sample size of network data to achieve the required accuracy. Irrespective of the uncertainty or information content of successive observations, such detection techniques will result in low efficiency of watermark detection. We herein propose a novel sequential watermark detection model (SWDM) supporting three sequential detectors for efficient traceback of network attack flows. By exploiting the sequential probability ratio test approach, we first propose the intuitive paired-intervals-based optimum watermark detector (POWD) and the single-interval-based optimum watermark detector (SOWD) under the assumption of known parameters of the observed attack flow. We then propose the sequential sign watermark detector (SSWD) that operates on two-level quantized observations for nonparametric watermark detection. Based on our SWDM model, a statistical analysis of sequential detectors, with no assumptions or limitations concerning the distribution of the timing of packets, proves their effectiveness despite traffic timing perturbations. The experiments using a large number of synthetically-generated SSH traffic flows demonstrate that there is a significant advantage in using our sequential watermark detectors based on the proposed SWDM model over the existing fixed sample size watermark detector (FSWD). Compared to the FSWD detector, the POWD detector achieves almost 28% savings in the average number of packets. Especially, given the required probability of detection errors, the SOWD detector and the SSWD detector can achieve almost 47% and 29% savings, respectively, in the average number of required packets, thus resulting in not only guaranteed rates of detection errors but also high efficiency of flow traceback.     

Epsilon-near-zero or mu-near-zero materials composed of dielectric photonic crystals

We theoretically demonstrate that at certain frequencies two-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals （PCs） may be regarded as either epsilon-near-zero or mu-near-zero materials. We show that the transmission through a slab of such materials upon normal incidence is normally non-unity and decays with slab thickness. However, when the incident angle increases slightly, the transmittance experiences a dramatic increase due to the Brewster effect. The combination of the tunneling and resonance effects makes such materials good candidates for almost perfect bending waveguides and cloaking in waveguides. The zero index also enables applications of focusing and directive emission. At last, the distinction between the single-zero and double-zero media is discussed. In all of the above results, the numerical simulations perfectly match with theoretical predictions from the effective medium analysis.     

Harvesting light with transformation optics

Transformation optics （TO） is a new tool for controlling electromagnetic fields. In the context of metamaterial technology, it provides a direct link between a desired electromagnetic （EM） phenomenon and the material response required for its occurrence. Recently, this powerful framework has been successfully exploited to study surface plasmon assisted phenomena such as light harvesting. Here, we review the general strategy based on TO to design plasmonic devices capable of harvesting light over a broadband spectrum and achieving considerable field confinement and enhancement. The methodology starts with two-dimensional （2D） cases, such as 2D metal edges, crescent-shaped cylinders, nanowire dimers, and rough metal surfaces, and is well extended to fully-fledged three-dimensional （3D） situations. The largely analytic approach gives physical insights into the processes involved and suggests a way forward to study a wide variety of plasmonic nanostructures.     

ECO布局中的电源线/地线网络局部SOR分析方法

供电电压直接决定芯片性能,在IC设计的各个阶段考虑供电电压约束具有重要的意义.受制于电源线/地线(P/G)网络分析的高复杂性,尽管供电电压已成为布图规划设计中的一个设计约束,但目前在布局设计中还未考虑供电电压约束.有别于ICCG,SOR等经典的全局分析算法,提出了一种局部的连续过松弛方法(SORPECO),并在ECO布局过程中对P/G网电压约束进行高效的分析.基于前一个布局的P/G网电压分布,针对ECO试探布局中某些轻微设计变动,SORPECO只需对这些设计变动的局部变化周边区域进行松弛,以更新P/G网电压分布.受益于P/G网络分析的局部性,SORPECO拥有局部、高效和高精度等优点.实验结果表明,与通常用于布图规划的传统高效的ICCG算法相比,SORPECO不仅精度损耗几乎可以忽略(最大误差0.062%),而且可以加速2个数量级.     

VB程序设计中控制结构的应用分析

VB程序设计中控制结构是关键的编写程序的基础,只有在程序设计中很好的将三种控制结构很好的结合起来,才能避免错误的出现,导致死循环。