An Adaptive Power Allocation Scheme for Performance Improvement of Cooperative SWIPT NOMA Wireless Networks

Future wireless networks demand high spectral efficiency, energy efficiency and reliability. Cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) is considered as one of the novel techniques to meet this demand. In this work, an adaptive power allocation scheme called SWIPT based adaptive power allocation (SWIPT-APA-NOMA) is proposed for a power domain NOMA network. The proposed scheme considers the receiver sensitivity of the end users while calculating the power allocation coefficients in order to prevent wastage of power allocated to user in outage and by offering priority to any one of the users to use maximum harvested power. A detailed analysis on the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed scheme is done and closed form expression is obtained. Simulations have been carried out with various parameters that influence the receiver sensitivity and the results show that the network achieves better outage and BER performance using the proposed scheme. It is found that the proposed scheme leads to a ten-fold decrease in transmit power for the same error performance of a fixed power allocation scheme. Further, it offers 96.06% improvement in the capacity for a cumulative noise figure and fading margin of 10 dB.     

Corrosive characteristics of bioethanol and gasoline blends for metals

Corrosive characteristics of lignocellulosic bioethanol on metals, such as mild steel, copper, and aluminum were studied by static immersion test at room temperature. Effect of metals on degradation of fuel properties, such as pHe, total acid number, acidity, density, viscosity, calorific value, flash point, and color changes were evaluated. Moreover, the transformation of water content and oxidation products in the fuel were investigated. Effect of fuel blends on corrosion rate, chemical structure of metals, and morphology of corrosion product were also examined. Results showed that the corrosion of metals in E50 (50% bioethanol and 50% gasoline) is high compared with E25 and E0. Moreover, degradation of fuel properties and compositional changes in E25 and E50 were high compared with E0. The corrosion rate of aluminum in E50 (0.216 mpy) was lower than copper (0.441 mpy) and mild steel (0.487 mpy). Moreover, the corrosion rate of aluminum in E25 (0.096 mpy) was also lower than copper (0.285 mpy) and mild steel (0.297 mpy). It was discovered that corrosion of materials and degradation of fuel properties were 2.4 times high in higher ethanol blends (above E25) compared with lower ethanol blends (up to E25). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ontology Based Ocean Knowledge Representation for Semantic Information Retrieval

The drastic growth of coastal observation sensors results in copious data that provide weather information. The intricacies in sensor-generated big data are heterogeneity and interpretation, driving high-end Information Retrieval (IR) systems. The Semantic Web (SW) can solve this issue by integrating data into a single platform for information exchange and knowledge retrieval. This paper focuses on exploiting the SW base system to provide interoperability through ontologies by combining the data concepts with ontology classes. This paper presents a 4-phase weather data model: data processing, ontology creation, SW processing, and query engine. The developed Oceanographic Weather Ontology helps to enhance data analysis, discovery, IR, and decision making. In addition to that, it also evaluates the developed ontology with other state-of-the-art ontologies. The proposed ontology’s quality has improved by 39.28% in terms of completeness, and structural complexity has decreased by 45.29%, 11% and 37.7% in Precision and Accuracy. Indian Meteorological Satellite INSAT-3D’s ocean data is a typical example of testing the proposed model. The experimental result shows the effectiveness of the proposed data model and its advantages in machine understanding and IR.     

纺织材料测色仪器间的一致性

颜色定量评定的关键因素是对反射率的精确测量。随着纺织业电子色彩交流的不断发展，了解仪器之间颜色测量值的变异性是很重要的。为此，AATCC颜色测量测试方法委员会倡导了一项关于多个实验室对23对平纹染色织物的L^＊、a^＊、b^＊及色差值进行测定的研究，并对实验室间色度值的统计变率作了评价。结果发现L^＊、a^＊、b^＊的偏离值比△J^＊、△a^＊、△b^＊的大，这些统计数据将有助于改进AATCCTM173中的精度及误差要求。     

Voltammetric behaviour of diacetyl on glassy carbon electrode in dimethyl formamide

Diacetyl shows two reduction waves in DMF medium containing TMAP on glassy carbon electrode (gce). In addition to the influence of sweep rate and concentration on the voltammetric behaviour, the effects of addition of proton donors, n-butyl bromide and lithium nitrate were also investigated to arrive at the mechanism of the reduction process. All experimental evidence indicates the formation of a dimer by an EC process in the potential region of the first wave. The second cathodic wave corresponds to the reduction of the product of the first wave. The exact nature of the electrode process at this potential could not be clearly established. However some interesting time effects were noticed and are discussed qualitatively. Comparison of the present work on glassy carbon electrodes with the earlier reports on Hg electrodes reveals some interesting influences of the electrode material on the overall electrode process. These aspects are discussed in some detail.     

The Effect of Liposomal Curcumin as an Anti-Inflammatory Strategy on Lipopolysaccharide e from Porphyromonas gingivalis Treated Endothelial Committed Neural Crest Derived Stem Cells: Morphological and Molecular Mechanisms

Curcumin, a yellow polyphenol extracted from the turmeric root is used as a diet supplement. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties by modulating different intracellular mechanisms. Due to their low solubility in water, the curcumin molecules must be encapsulated into liposomes to improve the bioavailability and biomedical potential. For the periodontal tissue and systemic health, it is essential to regulate the local inflammatory response. In this study, the possible beneficial effect of liposomes loaded with curcumin (CurLIP) in neural crest-derived human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and in endothelial-differentiated hPDLSCs (e-hPDLSCs) induced with an inflammatory stimulus (lipopolysaccharide obtained from Porphyromonas gingivalis, LPS-G) was evaluated. The CurLIP formulation exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory effect by the downregulation of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)/Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB)/NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3)/Caspase-1/Interleukin (IL)-1β inflammation cascade and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Moreover, the exposure to LPS-G caused significant alterations in the expression of epigenetic modifiers, such as DNA Methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and P300, while the CurLIP treatment showed physiological expression. Overall, our in vitro study provides novel mechanistic insights into the intracellular pathway exert by CurLIP in the regulation of inflammation and epigenetic modifications.     

Inducing multiferroic behaviour in the diamagnetic Y<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> system

The synthesis and characterization of Y_2−xFe_xO₃ (where x = 0–0.3) compounds has been carried out for their importance in the field of multiferroic materials. The powder X-ray diffraction reveal that the compounds Y_1.95Fe_0.05O₃, Y_1.9Fe_0.1O₃, Y_1.85Fe_0.15O₃ and Y_1.8Fe_0.2O₃ crystallize in tetragonal structure whereas Y_1.75Fe_0.25O₃ and Y_1.7Fe_0.3O₃ compounds crystallize in orthorhombic structure. The change in crystal system with respect to the concentration of Fe may be attributed to the variation in occupancy position of Fe³⁺ into the Y³⁺ site of Y₂O₃ system. Variation in crystal structure, surface morphology and composition was studied by micro-Raman analysis, SEM and EDX analysis. The shift in intense Raman signals from 426 to 385 cm⁻¹ confirms the change in the crystal structure of the prepared compounds. Further it is also identified that the E_g mode of vibration is the dominant in the Fe substituted compounds. The substitution of Fe in the Y₂O₃ system leads to the increase in the intensity of resonance band, which indicates a large polarisability variation in the Y_2−xFe_xO₃ compounds. Diffused reflectance studies show a red shift in energy gap values while increasing the concentration of Fe. The room temperature magnetization and electron paramagnetic resonance studies reveal that the incorporation of Fe in the Y₂O₃ system leads to magnetic phase change from diamagnetic to ferromagnetic. The electric polarization studies imply that the substitution of lower ionic radii element Fe³⁺ in the Y³⁺ site leads to distortion in the lattice and show the way to spontaneous dipole moment and it was found that the Y_1.8Fe_0.2O₃ compound exhibits the possibility of multiferroic behaviour. Therefore this paper explores the possibility of inducing ferromagnetic and ferroelectric behaviour in the Fe substituted yttrium oxide system.     

Statistical experimental design for evaluation of medium components for lipase production by Rhizopus arrhizus MTCC 2233

The Plackett-Burman experimental design was used to evaluate the medium components for lipase production by Rhizopus arrhizus in submerged batch fermentation. Twelve medium components with three dummy variables were studied in this experimental design. The most significant variables affecting lipase production were found to be olive oil, peptone, KH₂PO₄, CaCl₂·2H₂O and MgSO₄·7H₂O. Maximum lipase activity (3.98 U mL⁻¹) and maximum cell mass concentration (5.62 g L⁻¹) were obtained using the optimised medium. Unstructured kinetic models were analysed to simulate the experimental values of cell growth, lipase activity and glucose concentration. The logistic model for cell growth, the Luedeking-Piret model for lipase production and a modified Luedeking-Piret model for substrate utilisation were found to accurately predict the fermentation kinetics. The estimated values of the kinetic model parameters, α and β, for lipase production indicate that the lipase production by R. arrhizus is growth-associated.     

MHD rotating flow of a Maxwell fluid with Arrhenius activation energy and non‐Fourier heat flux model

In the present work, the effects of the transfer of heat, as well as the mass phenomenon of a Maxwell fluid in revolving flow over a unidirectional stretching surface are discussed. The result of the magnetic field within the boundary layer is considered. In the energy equation, the heat flux model of non‐Fourier Cattaneo–Christov is employed. The customized Arrhenius function for energy activation is used. By using the transformation strategy, nondimensional expressions are achieved. To predict the highlights of the current effort, the result of the emerging nonlinear differential structure is calculated with the aid of the shooting procedure as well as the Runge–Kutta Fehlberg procedure. The influence of velocity and temperature along with concentration profiles for various physical parameters is analyzed. The involvement of fluid relaxation and thermal retardation phenomena is unequivocally mentioned. The evolution of heat transfer, as well as the rate of mass in the flow of fluids, is illustrated by the use of graphs in addition to tables. Furthermore, the current effort is confirmed by examination with previously published results, which establishes a strategy for the execution of a numerical approach. It is observed that the concentration of a solute in dual combination is relative to both rotation parameters along with activation energy. Besides this, a diminishing pattern in the distribution of temperature is described within the existence of the Cattaneo–Christov flux law by association with the rate of heat transfer because of Fourier's law. The present investigation can be applied in numerous engineering and technical procedures including the development of thin sheets, modeling of plastic sheets, in the lubrication system industry related to polymers, compression, and injection shaping in the area of chemical production and bimolecular reactions. Inspired by those applications, the present work is undertaken.