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81.
Lee C. Chang Ph.D. Associate Professor Director Jeri L. Edwards Senior Manager 《Computers & Industrial Engineering》1991,21(1-4):147-151
Image processing allows the automation of the business transaction, turning “paper factories” into “image factories.” This burgeoning new area of computerization needs new paradigms, theories, and methods to maximize its effectiveness at cutting time and costs. This paper investigates what this new area of computerization can gain from CIM technology. It examines the similarities between the processing of computer images in a paperless business environment and the processing of materials into products in the manufacturing plant. These similarities will allow us to apply mature, well-tested CIM techniques to emerging image factories. 相似文献
82.
83.
Eunseok Song Yido Koo Yeon-Jae Jung Deok-Hee Lee Sangyoung Chu Soo-Ik Chae 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》2005,40(5):1094-1106
This paper describes a single-chip CMOS quad-band (850/900/1800/1900 MHz) RF transceiver for GSM/GPRS applications. It is the most important design issue to maximize resource sharing and reuse in designing the multiband transceivers. In particular, reducing the number of voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) required for local oscillator (LO) frequency generation is very important because the VCO and phase-locked loop (PLL) circuits occupy a relatively large area. We propose a quad-band GSM transceiver architecture that employs a direct conversion receiver and an offset PLL transmitter, which requires only one VCO/PLL to generate LO signals by using an efficient LO frequency plan. In the receive path, four separate LNAs are used for each band, and two down-conversion mixers are used, one for the low bands (850/900 MHz) and the other for the high bands (1800/1900 MHz). A receiver baseband circuit is shared for all four bands because all of their channel spaces are the same. In the transmit path, most of the building blocks of the offset PLL, including a TX VCO and IF filters, are integrated. The quad-band GSM transceiver that was implemented in 0.25-/spl mu/m CMOS technology has a size of 3.3/spl times/3.2 mm/sup 2/, including its pad area. From the experimental results, we found that the receiver provides a maximum noise figure of 2.9 dB and a minimum IIP3 of -13.2dBm for the EGSM 900 band. The transmitter shows an rms phase error of 1.4/spl deg/ and meets the GSM spectral mask specification. The prototype chip consumes 56 and 58 mA at 2.8 V in the RX and TX modes, respectively. 相似文献
84.
Fast DCT algorithm with fewer multiplication stages 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yeonsik Jeong Imgeun Lee Hak Soo Kim Kyu Tae Park 《Electronics letters》1998,34(8):723-724
A novel fast DCT scheme with reduced multiplication stages and fewer additions and multiplications is proposed. The proposed algorithm is structured so that most multiplications tend to be performed at the final stage, which reduces the propagation error that could occur in the fixed-point computation. Minimisation of the multiplication stages can further decrease the error 相似文献
85.
Dongwook Lee Kiseon Kim 《Electronics letters》1998,34(15):1474-1476
The authors suggest a novel virtual circuit connection method based on the reverse traversing technique to minimise the waste of network bandwidth resources, when the Internet protocol multicast is interoperated using the resource reservation protocol over an asynchronous transfer mode network. Simulation results show that, as the number of receivers increases, the bandwidth requirements on all links of the network of the proposed scheme become more advantageous than those of other conventional methods 相似文献
86.
Shih-Kai Lee Mao-Chao Lin 《Communications, IEEE Transactions on》1995,43(5):1917-1925
We propose a hybrid ARQ scheme which uses QPSK modulation for the first transmission and BPSK modulation for retransmissions. The throughput performance of the proposed ARQ scheme is better that those of ARQ schemes purely using QPSK modulation or purely using BPSK modulation for transmissions. Furthermore, the proposed scheme does not require any operation of error correction as usually required in hybrid ARQ schemes. Therefore, the ARQ scheme proposed in this paper can be easily implemented 相似文献
87.
88.
Cheng-Hsiung Lid Shou-Chiung Chen Yung-Chi Lee Theodore D. Sokoloski Ming-Thau Sheu 《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》1994,20(11):1911-1922
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in aqueous solution was used as a binding agent in a fluidized-bed system to agglomerate acetaminophen powder into directly compressible granules. It was found that a minimal amount of 5% w/w PVP in a concentration of 7.5% w/v or less was needed to produce granules with an acceptable flow and the corresponding tablets having enough hardness without capping. There was a strong correlation between the time for 80% dissolved (T80) and the logarithm of granule volume-surface mean diameter. A directly compressible acetaminophen composition to manufacture tablets having a T80 value less than 30 min can be prepared simply by adding an appropriate amount of disintegrant (crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate, or pregelatinized starch) to the agglomerated granules. 相似文献
89.
S Modi DE Gilham MJ Sutcliffe LY Lian WU Primrose CR Wolf GC Roberts 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,36(15):4461-4470
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a neurotoxin that produces Parkinsonism symptoms in man, has been examined as a substrate of recombinant human cytochrome P450 2D6. When cumene hydroperoxide is used as an oxygen and electron donor, a single product is formed, identified as 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. The K(m) for formation of this product (130 microM) is in agreement with the dissociation constants for MPTP binding to the enzyme determined by optical and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. When the reaction is carried out with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced) (NADPH) and recombinant human NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, a second product, identified as 1-methyl-4-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, is formed in addition to 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. The K(m) values for formation of these two products are 19 microM and 120 microM, respectively. Paramagnetic relaxation experiments have been used to measure distances between the protons of bound MPTP and the heme iron, and these have been used to construct models for the position and orientation of MPTP in the active site. For the cytochrome alone, a single mode of binding was observed, with the N-methyl close to the heme iron in a position appropriate for the observed N-demethylation reaction. In the presence of the reductase, the data were not consistent with a single mode of binding but could be explained by the existence of two alternative orientations of MPTP in the active site. One of these, characterized by a dissociation constant of 150 microM, is essentially identical to that observed in the absence of the reductase. In the second, which has a K(d) of 25 microM, the MPTP is oriented so that the aromatic ring is close to the heme iron, in a position appropriate for p-hydroxylation leading to the formation of the product seen only in the presence of the reductase. In the case of codeine, another substrate for cytochrome P450 2D6, the addition of reductase had no effect on the nature of the product formed, the dissociation constant, or the orientation in the binding site. These observations show that NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase has an allosteric effect on the active site of cytochrome P450 2D6 that affects the binding of some substrates but not others. 相似文献
90.
HJ Lee HK Ha MH Kim YK Jeong PN Kim MG Lee JS Kim DJ Suh SG Lee YI Min YH Auh 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,169(2):517-520
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate ERCP and CT findings of ectopic drainage of the common bile duct into the duodenal bulb. CONCLUSION: Although rare, the diagnosis of ectopic drainage of the common bile duct into the duodenal bulb is important to prevent inadvertent damage during biliary tract or gastric surgery and to clarify the cause of chronic peptic ulcers. 相似文献