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991.
Treated was an anti-plane crack perpendicular to the interface of an exponential-type FGM strip bonded to another linear-type
FGM substrate with infinite thickness. Through Fourier integral transform, the problem was reduced as a Cauchy singular integral
equation, which was further solved numerically by the Lobatto–Chebyshev collocation method. Based on the numerical solution,
the effects of the geometrical and physical parameters on the stress intensity factor (SIF) were analyzed and the following
conclusions were obtained: (a) A notable discrepancy between the interface-perpendicular crack and the interfacial one is
that, to reduce the weak-discontinuity of interface or to make the interface micro-discontinuous will not necessarily decrease
the SIF of the former, but will surely decrease that of the latter. (b) When a crack tip is situated very near to the interface
(or free surface), its SIF will be high and totally dominated by the interface (or free surface). (c) To increase the stiffness
of the FGM on one side of the interface is beneficial to preventing the crack on the other side from growing toward the interface.
Besides, some practical suggestions were further given for material design in the field of composites. 相似文献
992.
This paper explains the manufacturing process of a composite train carbody with a sandwich composite structure for bodyshell and a stainless steel structure for the under frame. In addition, the structural behavior and safety of the composite carbody of the Korean tilting train was investigated by the static load tests. From the test results, the stiffness of the composite carbody met the specified design. In the aspect of strength, the maximum stress of the composite bodyshell was of 12.2% of strength of CF1263 carbon/epoxy. 相似文献
993.
Hierarchically ordered structures facilitate the incorporation of diverse functions simultaneously. The present report introduces a simple and novel strategy for producing hierarchically ordered polymeric films. Hierarchical ordering of aqueous droplets on a polymer solution is realized by the imposition of physical confinement via various shaped gratings. After drying of the solution, well‐ordered hierarchical structures were fabricated in the remaining polymer film. The size of the grating structure and the lattice size of spontaneous hexagonally packed aqueous pores comprise two different length scales, thereby offering multiscale ordering. Interfacial wetting of the polymer solution to the grating surface was crucial in terms of obtaining a highly ordered structure that can be tuned by dissolving a small amount of surfactant in the polymer solution. The present novel approach provides a new opportunity for lithography‐free fabrication of complex hierarchical structures. 相似文献
994.
995.
Sangho Kim Young-Roc Im Sunghak Lee Hu-Chul Lee Sung-Joon Kim Jun Hwa Hong 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2004,35(7):2027-2037
This study is concerned with the effects of alloying elements on fracture toughness in the transition temperature region of
base metals and heat-affected zones (HAZs) of Mn-Mo-Ni low-alloy steels. Three kinds of steels whose compositions were varied
from the composition specification of SA 508 steel (grade 3) were fabricated by vacuum-induction melting and heat treatment,
and their fracture toughness was examined using an ASTM E1921 standard test method. In the steels that have decreased C and
increased Mo and Ni content, the number of fine M2C carbides was greatly increased and the number of coarse M3C carbides was decreased, thereby leading to the simultaneous improvement of tensile properties and fracture toughness. Brittle
martensite-austenite (M-A) constituents were also formed in these steels during cooling, but did not deteriorate fracture
toughness because they were decomposed to ferrite and fine carbides after tempering. Their simulated HAZs also had sufficient
impact toughness after postweld heat treatment. These findings indicated that the reduction in C content to inhibit the formation
of coarse cementite and to improve toughness and the increase in Mo and Ni to prevent the reduction in hardenability and to
precipitate fine M2C carbides were useful ways to improve simultaneously the tensile and fracture properties of the HAZs as well as the base
metals. 相似文献
996.
Quantification of the layer dispersion degree in polymer layered silicate nanocomposites by transmission electron microscopy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
As the performance of polymer layered silicate nanocomposites strongly depends on their interior layer dispersion, quantification of the layer dispersion degree is needed. In this work, a new methodology was developed to determine the dispersion parameter D0.1, based on the measurement of the free-path spacing distance between the single clay sheets from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Several examples of exfoliated, intercalated, and immiscible composites were studied. It was found that the exfoliated composites had D0.1 over 8%, while that of intercalated composites were between 4 and 8%. In the case of intercalation, a high frequency peak appeared at a short spacing distance in the histogram, which was a characteristic of the intercalation, distinct from the exfoliation. The main utility of this TEM methodology is for the quantification of exfoliated or intercalated samples with small number of layers with stacks. The dispersion parameter D0.1 below 4% was suggested to classify as immiscible. A unique advantage of the TEM measurement is that the dispersion degree of different fillers can be counted individually. 相似文献
997.
Decentralized control design for large-scale systems with strong interconnections using neural networks 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
We propose a decentralized neural network (NN) controller for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems with the strong interconnections. The NNs are used to approximate the unknown subsystems and interconnections. Due to the functional approximation capabilities of NNs, the additional precautions are not required to be made for avoiding the possible control singularity problems. Semiglobal asymptotic stability results are obtained and the tracking error converges to zero. Furthermore, the issue of transient performance of the subsystems is also addressed under an analytical framework. 相似文献
998.
999.
1000.
Y Nakamura Y Horii T Nishino H Shiiki Y Sakaguchi T Kagoshima K Dohi Z Makita H Vlassara R Bucala 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,143(6):1649-1656
Advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) accumulate on long-lived extracellular matrix proteins and have been implicated in the micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Within the arterial wall, AGE-modified proteins increase vascular permeability, inactivate nitric oxide activity, and induce the release of growth-promoting cytokines. Recently developed anti-AGE antibodies were used in an immunohistochemical analysis of coronary arteries obtained from type II diabetic and nondiabetic patients. High levels of AGE reactivity were observed within the atherosclerotic plaque present in vessels from selected patients with diabetes. Considered together with the pathological effects of AGEs on vascular wall homeostasis, these data support the role of advanced glycosylation in the rapidly progressive atherosclerosis associated with diabetes mellitus. 相似文献