Absence of tonic electromyographic activity during sleep in normal and spastic nonmimetic skeletal muscles in man

An electromyographic study of nonmimetic skeletal muscles was carried out in 8 normal adults and 4 patients with spastic hemiparesis during all stages of sleep for a total of 21 nights. All normal subjects showed absence of tonic electromyographic activity in all nonmimetic skeletal muscles in all stages of sleep. Also, during quiet, relaxed wakefulness, tonic muscle discharges disappeared in the normal subjects. Three patients with upper motor neuron spasticity demonstrated results during sleep similar to those obtained in the normal subjects. In the fourth patient, tonic muscle discharges persisted into stage 2 non-REM sleep, disappeared within 30 to 240 seconds following the onset of stage 2 sleep, and were absent during stages 3 and 4 sleep and REM sleep.     

Empathic negotiations through material culture: co-designing and making digital exhibits

Abstract

This article introduces a case study undertaken in the indigenous Penan community of Long Lamai, Upper Baram, Sarawak, Malaysia. In this community, there is concern about the negative image other cultural groups hold of the Penan. This case study explores co-design as a means to invite community members, together with a designer, to explore the identity that they would like to present to people outside the community. In preparing for an exhibition to challenge perceptions, it turned out to be important to embrace the culture of the community to facilitate self-expression, introducing new concepts such as technological interventions and design probes to stimulate reflection and creativity. However, it was indigenous material culture, when actively and encouragingly supported by the designer, that had a key role in developing the co-design and, with it, empathic understanding between designer and community.     

The effects of conditioning on meat collagen: Part 3-Evidence for proteolytic damage to endomysial collagen after conditioning

The effects of conditioning on the endomysial fraction of bovine meat were investigated. Solubility studies on endomysial connective tissue and analysis of insoluble endomysial fractions remaining after conditioning were carried out. Yields of soluble endomysial fractions represented, on average, 94·5% of total extracted endomysial material for unconditioned muscles compared with 97·5% for conditioned muscles. Soluble endomysial fractions contained, on average, 0·13% collagen from unconditioned muscles and 0·22% collagen from conditioned muscles. The main peptide components observed on analysis of insoluble endomysial fractions after CN Br digestion were derived from types I and III collagen. Changes observed on the peptide maps, evident as the appearance of a number of new bands from conditioned samples, appeared to be muscle specific. The amount of type III collagen relative to type I decreased on conditioning, indicating that endomysial type III collagen was preferentially destroyed during conditioning. Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis maps revealed new peptide material in the molecular weight range 40 000 to 50 000 on conditioning. These data provide direct evidence of the effect of proteolytic processing on endomysial collagen during conditioning.     

A method for isolation of sequences missing in one of two related genomes

We describe a novel technique for isolation of sequences that are present in one genome (tracer), but absent in another (driver). Tracer DNA, cleaved with Sau 3A and capped with a single stranded PCR adapter, is allowed to hybridize with an excess of sheared biotinylated driver; biotinylated DNA and its hybrids with the tracer are removed by phenol/chloroform extraction after incubation with streptavidin. After several rounds of subtraction the ends of self-annealed tracer molecules from the nonextractable fraction are filled-in with Tag polymerase and amplified, using the single stranded PCR adapter as a primer. The method has been applied to purification of fragments from a 2.9 kb plasmid added to E. coli DNA at equimolar quantity. Plasmid derived fragments (250-1000 bp), initially comprising 1/1400th part of tracer DNA, were purified to homogeneity after two rounds of subtraction followed by PCR.     

茶多酚对胰α-淀粉酶的抑制动力学研究

研究了绿茶茶多酚对胰α-淀粉酶活性的抑制作用。采用非连续测定和作图法研究,结果表明:茶多酚对胰α-淀粉酶具有明显的抑制作用,其半抑制浓度为0.82mg/mL;抑制类型为可逆性非竞争性抑制,其抑制常数Ki为1.08mg/mL。     

超高压和热灭菌对鲜榨火龙果汁品质影响的比较

分析超高压(UHP)处理和热处理对火龙果汁杀菌效果的影响,在达到商业无菌的基础上对两种处理对火龙果果汁品质的影响进行对比分析。试验结果表明,随着压力值(300～500)MPa和温度(75℃~90℃)的上升菌落总数逐渐减少,超高压处理(400MPa,26℃,10min)及热处理(85℃,5min)条件下均可达商业无菌;上述两种处理条件处理后火龙果原汁pH值、总酸、总糖、可溶性固形物含量与对照样差异不显著(P>0.05),但是超高压技术很好地保持了食品的色、香、味,感官品质与对照样非常接近:超高压处理能够更好得保持体系的均匀稳定性、原有色泽以及还原型VC。     

气垫性能及平板玻璃缓冲包装

对我国发明的缓冲包装气垫进行静态试验,测其载荷-变形曲线,表明它属于正切型;对气垫作为内衬的PZOV型平板玻璃包装件进行冲击和振动试验,证明具有优良的防震缓冲性能,适于平板玻璃的运输包装。     

亚麻籽色素的研究

对亚麻籽色素的性质、提取、组成进行了研究，由颜色反应、紫外光谱初步确定了色素主要成分是异黄酮类或二氢黄酮类，并根据其性质提出了几种有效的脱色方法。     

Efficacy of taxol in the orpk mouse model of polycystic kidney disease

Studies on conscious Sprague-Dawley rats using intracerebral dialysis in live animals combined with high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection showed that administration of apomorphine into the nucleus accumbens decreased the levels of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the extracellular space of the dorsal striatum throughout the observation period and produced a transient reduction in the level of homovanillic acid in the dialysate from this structure. The studies demonstrated that reversible exclusion of the nucleus accumbens with procaine produced a transient increase in the levels of dopamine metabolites, without an increase in serotonin metabolites, in the extracellular space of the dorsal striatum. These results demonstrate that the nucleus accumbens affects dopamine metabolism in the striatum, this being mediated by the dopamine-reactive system in the nucleus accumbens.