夏热冬冷地区住宅供暖问题刍议

夏热冬冷地区住宅供暖关乎人民健康,惠及民生,是我国实现小康目标的重要环节。集中供暖是供暖技术的一种形式,但若在夏热冬冷地区全面推广集中供暖,既无条件,也不现实,供暖技术应该多元化。提出了改进房间空调器、改善围护结构保温等技术措施,以及基于水源热泵的能源总线系统和热电联产耦合热泵的高能效集中供暖系统;指出了节能、转移和利用可再生能源等解决供暖能源的途径。     

透水模板布改善混凝土耐久性试验研究

为研究透水模板布对混凝土构件耐久性的影响,运用抗冲磨法、抗收缩法、碳化法、抗渗法、单面冻融法、以及压汞法和SEM理论从外部环境和内部材料两方面分析透水模板布改善混凝土微观结构和抵抗各种劣化机理。试验结果表明:透水模板布可提高混凝土表层抗冲磨性能,抑制早期收缩,优化孔隙分布,改善覆盖质量,阻碍侵蚀性介质侵入,减缓表层混凝土劣化过程,提高构件耐久性能。     

赤泥轻质陶粒的制备

以赤泥、粉煤灰、膨润土为主要原料,掺加一定量的成孔剂和稳泡剂,通过烧结工艺制备了赤泥轻质陶粒。研究了成孔剂掺量对赤泥陶粒性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜对赤泥轻质陶粒进行了微观形貌分析。结果表明,当成孔剂产量为6%时,最佳试样的表观密度为731kg/m3,堆积密度为547kg/m3,筒压强度为3.3MPa,吸水率为9.7%。     

刍议我国土地财政与地方政府债务风险

土地财政是我国地方政府经营城市的重要手段,也是举债融资的最主要支撑。随着我国城市化率的不断提高,地方政府的债务风险也在不断累积。本文从我国土地财政的成因入手,分析寄生于土地财政的地方政府债务问题,研究基于城市理性增长及可持续城市化的土地利用策略,提出控制地方政府债务风险的有效方法。     

矩形钢管柱与H形梁端板对拉螺栓连接滞回性能研究

钢结构梁柱节点有多种形式,国内外学者研究多侧重在H形梁和H形柱的连接上,对于H形梁和矩形钢管柱(RHS柱)的连接研究则很少。由于矩形钢管柱是封闭截面,节点难以采用普通螺栓连接,采用对拉螺栓连接是这种节点的一种构造解决方案。基于理论模型、结合试验和有限元方法对矩形钢管柱与H形梁端板对拉螺栓连接的滞回性能进行研究,探讨该种连接形式的滞回特性。在试验滞回曲线的基础上,提出了节点的恢复力模型,该模型对钢框架的抗震设计具有较好的参考价值。     

Influence of the amorphous phase molecular mobility on impact and tensile properties of polyamide 6,6

In this work, the relationship between molecular mobility of polyamide 6,6 amorphous phase and mechanical properties is studied. PA66 formulations having different glass transition temperatures (T_g) obtained by additivation, chemical modification of the polyamide chains, and/or water conditioning at different hygrometry levels, are considered. The main emphasis is put on the impact strength, as measured by instrumented Charpy impact tests over a broad temperature range. It is observed that the brittle‐tough transition temperature T_B/T is closely correlated with the T_g of the samples rather than to the β secondary relaxation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43457.     

Structural and Electrical Characteristics of (1−x)Pb(Lu1/2Nb1/2)O3–xPbTiO3 Ceramics with Low PbTiO3

A solid solution of (1?x)Pb(Lu_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–xPbTiO₃ with composition of 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.08 have been prepared successfully. XRD analysis indicates the crystal structure adopts an orthorhombic (O) phase in 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.06 interval and becomes the coexistence of O and rhombohedral (R) phase at x = 0.07, then turns into R phase mostly at x = 0.08. In addition, two sets of superlattice reflections due to B‐site ordering and antiparallel cation displacement are distinguished by XRD and the superstructures which arise from antiparallel cation displacement disappear gradually with the increasing x. The grain size increases gradually with the increasing x, and then becomes the bimodal microstructure at x ≥ 0.06 due to the coexistence of O and R phase. The dielectric spectra exhibit Curie temperature decreases from 248°C to 147°C with increasing x from 0.01 to 0.08. As 0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, the samples display typical double hysteresis loops, suggesting antiferroelectric nature, then turn into ferroelectric gradually at x = 0.05. Finally, it exhibit typical ferroelectric hysteresis loops in 0.06 ≤ x ≤ 0.08 interval.     

Spectral and Laser Properties of Yb:LuAG Transparent Ceramics Fabricated by Tape Casting Method

Yb³⁺‐doped LuAG laser ceramics with different Yb³⁺‐doping concentrations were successfully fabricated by nonaqueous tape casting method and vacuum sintering technology. XRD patterns and SEM morphologies of the ceramics were presented. The optical in‐line transmittance of the Yb‐doped LuAG ceramics was about 83% at 1030 nm. The fluorescence lifetime of annealed and unannealed ceramic samples was compared. From the spectroscopic properties, it can be seen that the ceramics had a large emission cross section of 2.9 × 10^?20 cm² with a FWHM of about 7.2 nm at 1030 nm. Under 100% population inversion, the maximum gain coefficient was estimated to be 12.4 cm^?1 at 1030 nm. With a fiber‐coupled diode laser as pump source, CW laser at 1030 nm was demonstrated and the maximum output power of 338.9 mW was achieved with a slop efficiency of 19%. A tuning range from 1028 to 1036 nm was obtained.     

Glass Dielectrics in Extreme High‐Temperature Environment

Thin and flexible glass ribbons can be rolled into a film capacitor structures for power electronic circuits. Glass has excellent electrical properties and is a leading candidate to replace polymer films for high‐temperature applications. The dielectric properties of a low‐alkali aluminoborosilicate glass were characterized up to temperatures of 400°C. Low‐field permittivity values of 6 with dielectric loss below 0.01 were found for temperatures below 300°C. The dielectric breakdown strength exceeded 5 MV/cm for temperature of 400°C and high‐field polarization measurements showed that glass has over 95% energy efficiency at temperatures of 200°C, which is a target temperature for high‐temperature power electronic circuits driven by wide bandgap semiconductor devices.     

Compressive mechanical properties of HTPB propellant at low,intermediate, and high strain rates

Low, intermediate, and high strain rate compression testing (1.7 × 10^?4 to 2500 s^?1) of the hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) propellant at room temperature, were performed using a universal testing machine, a hydraulic testing machine, and a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB), respectively. Results show that the stress linearly increases with strain at each condition; the increasing trend of stress at a given strain with the logarithm of strain rate changes from a linear to an exponential form at 1 s^?1. By combining these characteristics, we propose a rate‐dependent constitutive model which is a linearly elastic component as a base model, then multiplied by a rate‐dependent component. Comparison of model with experimental data shows that it can characterize the compressive mechanical properties of HTPB propellant at strain rates from 1.7 × 10^?4 to 2500 s^?1. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43512.