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91.
Véronique Baroghel-Bouny Patrick Belin Matthias Maultzsch Dominique Henry 《Materials and Structures》2007,40(8):759-781
Within the framework of the evaluation and the prediction of chloride-induced corrosion risks, simple and rapid AgNO3 spray tests can be proposed for various issues. This paper forms the first part of a series. In this first part, the Maultzsch
procedure (spraying of 0.1-N AgNO3 solution + K2CrO4) as well as the procedure based on the use of a sole AgNO3 solution have been investigated on a broad range of concretes. These procedures have also been compared to the Collepardi
procedure (spraying of 0.1-N AgNO3 + fluoresceine). The feasibility of these colorimetric techniques on saturated specimens cast in laboratory, after non-steady-state
diffusion tests carried out in various conditions, is discussed. In addition, the results obtained from applying such spray
tests in field conditions on cores drilled out from various RC test specimens exposed to a marine environment (tidal zone)
and to a road and cold environment (freezing-thawing cycles and spraying of deicing salts) are presented. Colorimetric methods
have in particular been applied here to the assessment of the average chloride penetration depth and of its evolution versus
time (kinetics). Moreover, the detection threshold of these techniques has been investigated in various environments. The
possible sources of discrepancy on the results have been analysed. 相似文献
92.
Peter Eaton Andrea Ragusa Caroline Clavel Cristina T Rojas Paul Graham Raúl V Durán Soledad Penadés 《IEEE transactions on nanobioscience》2007,6(4):309-318
Glyconanoparticles which present carbohydrate and amino groups motifs at their surface were produced. These particles were highly stable and soluble in aqueous solutions. The presence of the carbohydrate groups also allowed the inclusion of more strongly binding groups, without affecting solubility. The binding of a model DNA, plasmid by these nanoparticles was studied by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and gel electrophoresis. Significant differences between the nanoparticles based on their affinities for the DNA were found, with implications for their potential use as nonviral gene delivery agents. 相似文献
93.
An evaluation of the Spanish CSIC performance in Biotechnology, as compared with those of the French CNRS and the Italian
CNR, has been carried out to determine the balance between the generation of scientific knowledge and the transfer of technology.
This study shows a high scientific productivity mostly in journals with moderate impact factor, a low generation of patents
and an insufficient transfer of knowledge to the Spanish companies. Other indicators confirm the existence of competitive
human resources in biotechnological research producing scientific knowledge of interest for the development of patents and
that cooperates successfully at European level. 相似文献
94.
András Ványolos Balázs Dóra Attila Virosztek 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2007,20(7-8):643-645
We report of a theoretical study on quasi-one dimensional unconventional charge density wave (UCDW) driven by electron–phonon
interaction. Within mean field theory, we find that the wavevector dependence of the coupling leads to a momentum dependent
single particle gap on the Fermi surface. The presence of small energy single particle excitations around the gap nodes significantly
changes the optical conductivity compared to the conventional CDW result. In addition to that, the collective phase excitation
arising from fluctuation of the order parameter leads to further qualitative changes of the conductivity and results in an
effective mass that is nonmonotonic in temperature.
相似文献
95.
For a model class of repellers of non-conformal expanding maps, we obtain sharp lower bounds for the dimension spectra of the Birkhoff averages of a Hölder continuous function. As in the well-studied case of conformal dynamics, the bounds are also expressed here in terms of the thermodynamic formalism. 相似文献
96.
97.
Polycrystalline magnesium films were deposited under ultrahigh vacuum by thermal evaporation onto a cooled silica substrate. During the growth process of a film a number of lattice defects are incorporated. It was found that the defect density decreases with increasing thickness. An annealing study of the electrical resistance and defect density in magnesium films was made. The results were interpreted on the basis of Vand's theory. The function F0 expressing the law of distribution of the decay energies exhibited a maximum. For thick films there was no appreciable variation in the activation energy with thickness. In this case the evaluated activation energy E was found to be about 0.35 eV. For very thin films this energy decreases with increasing thickness. 相似文献
98.
In this paper, a new approach for powder cold compaction simulations is presented. A density-dependent plastic model within
the framework of finite strain multiplicative hyperelastoplasticity is used to describe the highly nonlinear material behaviour;
the Coulomb dry friction model is used to capture friction effects at die-powder contact; and an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian
(ALE) formulation is used to avoid the (usual) excessive distortion of Lagrangian meshes caused by large mass fluxes. Several
representative examples, involving structured and unstructured meshes are simulated. The results obtained agree with the experimental
data and other numerical results reported in the literature. It is shown that, contrary to other Lagrangian and adaptive h-remeshing approaches recently reported for this type of problems, the present approach verifies the mass conservation principle
with very low relative errors (less than 1% in all ALE examples and exactly in the pure Lagrangian examples). Moreover, thanks
to the use of an ALE formulation and in contrast with other simulations, the presented density distributions do not present
spurious oscillations.
Received: 20 March 2002 / Accepted: 15 October 2002
The partial financial support of the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (grant number DPI 2001-2204) is gratefully acknowledged. 相似文献
99.
100.