Expanding the chemistry of single‐ion conducting poly(ionic liquid)s with polyhedral boron anions

The synthesis of a new family of single‐ion conducting random copolymers bearing polyhedral boron anions is reported. For this purpose two novel ionic monomers, namely [B₁₂H₁₁(OCH₂CH₂)₂OC(?O)C(CH₃)?CH₂]^2?[(C₄H₉)₄N⁺]₂ and [8‐(OCH₂CH₂)₂OC(?O)C(CH₃)?CH₂‐3,3′‐Co(1,2‐C₂B₉H₁₀)(1′,2′‐C₂B₉H₁₁)]^?K⁺, having methacrylate function, diethylene glycol bridge and closo‐dodecaborate or cobalt bis(1,2‐dicarbollide) anions were designed. Such monomers differ from previously reported ones by (i) chemically attached highly delocalized boron anions, by (ii) valency of the anion (divalent anion and monovalent one) and by (iii) the presence of oxyethylene flexible spacer between the methacrylate group and bonded anion. Their free radical copolymerization with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate and subsequent ion exchange provided lithium‐ion conducting polyelectrolytes showing low glass transition temperature (?53 to ?49 °C), ionic conductivity up to 9.1 × 10^?7 S cm^?1, lithium transference number up to 0.61 (70 °C) and electrochemical stability up to 4.1 V versus Li⁺/Li (70 °C). The incorporation of propylene carbonate (20–40 wt%) into the copolymers resulted in the enhancement of their ionic conductivity by one order of magnitude and significantly increased their electrochemical stability up to 4.7 V versus Li⁺/Li (70 °C). © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

Palladium Containing Catalysts Based on Hypercrosslinked Polystyrene for Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene Alcohols

This paper reports palladium nanoparticle formation and stabilization by hypercrosslinked polystyrene and the catalytic properties of the nanocomposites obtained. The nanocomposites were characterized using low-temperature nitrogen physisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The inorganic nanoparticle size was found to depend on the Na₂PdCl₄ loading with the smallest nanoparticles formed at 0.1?wt% of Pd. The nanocomposites synthesized showed high activity [up to 27?mol/(mol Pd?s)] and selectivity (up to 98.5?% at 100?% conversion) in selective hydrogenation of acetylene alcohols.     

Fourier-Stokes polarimetry of laser radiation scattered fields for diagnostics of dystrophic changes of biological tissues histological sections

The optical model of polycrystalline networks of histological sections of rectum wall is suggested. The results of investigating the interrelation between the values of statistical (statistical moments of the 1st-4th order) and correlation (cross correlation coefficients) parameters are presented. Such parameters characterize the coordinate distributions of the fourth parameter of the Stokes vector of Fourier transforms of laser images of myometrium tissues. The diagnostic criteria of myometrium pathologies are determined.     

Arenetricarbonylchromium Complexes in Polymerization Transformations by Radical Initiation of Vinyl Polymerization

The article is devoted to the systematization of investigations of arenetricarbonylchromium complexes in radical polymerization transformation at the initiation of vinyl polymerization. The presented data are shown that these compounds are promising and interesting model systems for the study of the phenomenon of the metal atom action on the reactivity of the monomer π-bond. The correlation between the structure of metal-containing monomers and polymerization parameters, as well as the molecular mass properties of the resulting polymers, are discussed.     

The influence of vegetable puree containing carotenoids on the nutrient composition and structure of milk yoghurt

The aim of this study was to develop technology to produce a mashed pumpkin yoghurt rich in β‐carotene and to check its physicochemical properties and nutritional values. The structural and mechanical properties of the yoghurt product, as well its basic nutrient content and antioxidant activity, were studied. Yoghurt fortified with pumpkin puree has the potential to normalise the commensal intestinal microbiota and has potential as a dietary health supplement. The experimental yoghurt samples that were produced had physicochemical properties comparable to commercially produced yoghurt: the pumpkin‐supplemented samples contained 4.5% fibre, 8.5 mg/100 g vitamin C and 8.9 mg/100 g β‐carotene.     

Making Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials

Processes are considered for making materials for medical purposes (filling bone cavities). Methods are surveyed for making materials for osteoplastic treatment such as bioactive glasses, glass ceramics, biological or synthetic hydroxyapatite, and composites based on them.     

Development of Hydrogenating Powder Alloys for the Electrodes of Alkali Batteries. Part 2. Structural Disorder in Hydriding Alloys as the Basis for Increasing the Cyclical Stability of Metal Hydride Electrodes

Multicomponent intermetallic absorbers of hydrogen which are used as active materials in secondary current sources have a number of shortcomings: low electrical capacity and excessively high cost, particularly for cobalt containing alloys. A contemporary progressive method to improve the properties of electrode material is optimization of the alloy microstructure. Intermetallic hydrogen absorbers with controlled structural disorder were obtained by powder metallurgy techniques, and the effect of such on the electrochemical properties examined.