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排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 234 毫秒
71.
Yang Hu Stephanie M. Sjoberg Chunpen Chen Amber L. Hauvermale Craig F. Morris Stephen R. Delwiche Ashley E. Cannon Camille M. Steber Zhiwu Zhang 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2022,21(3):2105-2117
This review examines the application, limitations, and potential alternatives to the Hagberg–Perten falling number (FN) method used in the global wheat industry for detecting the risk of poor end-product quality mainly due to starch degradation by the enzyme α-amylase. By viscometry, the FN test indirectly detects the presence of α-amylase, the primary enzyme that digests starch. Elevated α-amylase results in low FN and damages wheat product quality resulting in cakes that fall, and sticky bread and noodles. Low FN can occur from preharvest sprouting (PHS) and late maturity α-amylase (LMA). Moist or rainy conditions before harvest cause PHS on the mother plant. Continuously cool or fluctuating temperatures during the grain filling stage cause LMA. Due to the expression of additional hydrolytic enzymes, PHS has a stronger negative impact than LMA. Wheat grain with low FN/high α-amylase results in serious losses for farmers, traders, millers, and bakers worldwide. Although blending of low FN grain with sound wheat may be used as a means of moving affected grain through the marketplace, care must be taken to avoid grain lots from falling below contract-specified FN. A large amount of sound wheat can be ruined if mixed with a small amount of sprouted wheat. The FN method is widely employed to detect α-amylase after harvest. However, it has several limitations, including sampling variability, high cost, labor intensiveness, the destructive nature of the test, and an inability to differentiate between LMA and PHS. Faster, cheaper, and more accurate alternatives could improve breeding for resistance to PHS and LMA and could preserve the value of wheat grain by avoiding inadvertent mixing of high- and low-FN grain by enabling testing at more stages of the value stream including at harvest, delivery, transport, storage, and milling. Alternatives to the FN method explored here include the Rapid Visco Analyzer, enzyme assays, immunoassays, near-infrared spectroscopy, and hyperspectral imaging. 相似文献
72.
Kedong Xia Shuoshuo Yu Yunling Li Huijuan Han Lingyao Duan Zhenyu Hou Xiao Liu 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(4):2375-2385
In this study, C/SiOC and C/SiO2 composites were prepared by using carbonaceous microspheres with different surface functional groups. Carbonaceous microspheres based on hydrothermal reaction of glucose contains hydroxyl group, while the surface carboxyl group increases after NaOH etching. The hydroxyl group increases the oxygen-enriched structural units of SiOC ceramics, and the C spheres are closely enwrapped in SiOC matrix after pyrolysis at 900 °C. However, the interfacial reaction of surface carboxyl with Si–OH results in the formation of cristobalite SiO2, and C spheres are not only encased inside the SiOC matrix, but also dispersed outside of SiOC ceramics. After removal of C via calcination at 500 °C for 5 h, C/SiOC and C/SiO2 composites are transformed into amorphous SiO2 and cristobalite SiO2, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis indicates the oxidation resistance of SiOC is superior to that of C and SiO2. 相似文献
73.
Kruglikov S. S. Zagorskii D. L. Kolesnikov V. A. Doludenko I. M. Bedin S. A. 《Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering》2021,55(5):942-951
Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering - The effect of the electrolyte composition, mass-transfer conditions, pore diameter, interpore distance, and electric parameters on the formation of... 相似文献
74.
Vasanthapriya R. Neelakandeswari N. Uthayarani K. Chitra M. 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2021,31(11):4272-4280
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials - This paper reports the performance of alizarin based SnO2 dye-sensitized solar cells. A novel template assisted method has been... 相似文献
75.
Sijia Huo Yujin Wang Mianyi Yao Zhikun Zhang Lei Chen Hui Gu Jiahu Ouyang Yu Zhou 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2021,41(11):5466-5473
Novel TiC-based composites were synthesized by reactive hot-pressing at 1800 °C for 1 h with ZrB2 addition as a sintering aid for the first time. The effects of ZrB2 contents on the phase composition, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties were reported. Based on the reaction and solid solution coupling effects between ZrB2 and TiC, the product ZrC may be partially or completely dissolved into the TiC matrix, and then phase separation within the miscibility gap is observed to form lamellar nanostructured ZrC-rich (Zr, Ti)C. The TiC-10 mol.% ZrB2 (starting batch composition) exhibits good comprehensive mechanical properties of hardness 27.7 ± 1.3 GPa, flexural strength 659 ± 48 MPa, and fracture toughness of 6.5 ± 0.6 MPa m1/2, respectively, which reach or exceed most TiC-based composites using ceramics as sintering aids in the previous reports. 相似文献
76.
Lili Hao Jiaxiang Li Peng Wang Zongliang Wang Zhenxu Wu Yu Wang Zixue Jiao Min Guo Tongfei Shi Qigang Wang Yoshihiro Ito Yen Wei Peibiao Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(15):2009661
The degradation behavior of implants is significantly important for bone repair. However, it is still unprocurable to spatiotemporally regulate the degradation of the implants to match bone ingrowth. In this paper, a magneto-controlled biodegradation model is established to explore the degradation behavior of magnetic scaffolds in a magnetothermal microenvironment generated by an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The results demonstrate that the scaffolds can be heated by magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) under AMF, which dramatically accelerated scaffold degradation. Especially, magnetic NPs modified by oleic acid with a better interface compatibility exhibit a greater heating efficiency to further facilitate the degradation. Furthermore, the molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the enhanced motion correlation between magnetic NPs and polymer matrix can accelerate the energy transfer. As a proof-of-concept, the feasibility of magneto-controlled degradation for implants is demonstrated, and an optimizing strategy for better heating efficiency of nanomaterials is provided, which may have great instructive significance for clinical medicine. 相似文献
77.
Applied Composite Materials - Determining the impact behavior of adhesive joints allows the designing of high-strength joints. Therefore, the dynamic behavior of adhesive joints has recently become... 相似文献
78.
Cuiping Yu Shuang Sun Sihui Li Huijia Yan Henan Zou 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(2):1173-1185
In this study, the effect of high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) (200 and 400 W for 0, 5, 10 and 15 min respectively) on conformational changes, physicochemical, rheological and emulsifying properties of scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) myofibrillar protein (SMP) was investigated. HIUS-treated SMP had lower α-helix content and higher β-sheet content compared with the native SMP. HIUS treatment induced the unfolding of SMP and increased the surface hydrophobicity. The particle size of SMP decreased and the absolute zeta-potential increased after ultrasonication, which in turn increased the solubility of SMP. The conformational changes and the improvement of physicochemical properties of SMP increased the ability for SMP to lower the interfacial tension at the oil–water interface and increased the percentage of adsorbed protein. As a result, the emulsifying properties, rheological properties of SMP and storage stability of emulsions were also improved. In conclusion, HIUS treatment has future potential for improving the emulsifying properties of SMP. 相似文献
79.
Keran Su Kim Huey Ee Jingcan Sun Shao Quan Liu Benjamin Lassabliere Ulrich Feiter Yunle Huang Rui Min Vivian Goh Aileen Pua Bin Yu 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(3):1666-1678
The structural diversity of polyphenols and the inherent limitations of current extraction techniques pose a challenge to extract polyphenols using a simple and green method. Hence, in this study, a method was developed to simultaneously fractionate multiple classes of polyphenols by only varying ethanol-water solutions. Honeybush tea, which is rich in polyphenols, was selected as a model for this study. Solvent extraction followed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) was developed to obtain a polyphenol-rich fraction from six honeybush samples. Based on a gradient elution programme (10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% (v/v) ethanol-water solution) of SPE, the Strata X cartridge showed a better recovery of most targeted polyphenols under 0.9 mL of the drying volume and 1 mL min−1 of the dispensing speed. The elution programme for fractionating most polyphenols was as follows: single elution with 50% ethanol, followed by twice elution with 70% ethanol. The antioxidant capacity was used to analyse the differences among the polyphenol-rich fractions from six honeybush samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that unfermented C. genistoides (GG) has the greatest antioxidant capacity among the honeybush species studied. Additionally, mangiferin, isomangiferin and vicenin-2 were the main contributors to the antioxidant capacity in six honeybush fractions according to the correlation study. 相似文献
80.
Ebrahim A. Mahdy Khadega M. Sahbal Hanan H. Beherei Yasser K. Abdel-Monem 《Ceramics International》2021,47(5):6251-6261
A new TiO2-containing bioactive glass and glass-ceramics based on 50SiO2-(45-X)CaO-(XTiO2)-5P2O5 system was designed using a sol–gel technique (where X = 5, 7.5 and 10 wt %). The roles of the crystallization behavior and physicochemical characteristics of the designed glass and glass-ceramics which were played in the introduction of TiO2 substitutions were investigated. Moreover, cell proliferation and differentiation were evaluated against human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2). The TiO2/CaO replacements led to the formation of a stronger glass structure and thus increased thermal parameters and the chemical stabilization of the designed materials. The FTIR data confirmed the existence of Ti within the glass and glass-ceramics samples, and no remarkable effect on their chemical integrity was observed. The XRD patterns indicated that calcium-containing minerals, including Ca2SiO4,Ca3(PO4)2, Ca(Ti,Si)O5, CaTiSiO5, and Ca15(PO4)2·(SiO4)6 phases were developed as a role of structure/texture under the applied heat-treatment. The results of the cytotoxicity test proved that a safe sample dose is 12–50 μg/ml, at which cell viability is ≥ 85%. The cell differentiation determined by ALP test proved the superiority of glass-ceramics compared with their native glasses. Therefore, the obtained materials could be safely used as novel biocompatible materials for the regeneration of bone tissue. 相似文献